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Unit 5 AP Biology Insta-Review (Heredity)

Total questions: 106

Worksheet time: 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How many rounds of division in meiosis?

a)

0

b)

1

c)

2

d)

3

2.

How many rounds of DNA replication?

a)

0

b)

1

c)

2

d)

3

3.

What phase does the crossing over take place?

a)

Prophase I

b)

Prophase II

c)

Metaphase I

d)

Metaphase II

4.

What phase does independent assortment take place?

a)

Prophase I

b)

Prophase II

c)

Metaphase I

d)

Metaphase II

5.

What is crossing over?

4 lines
6.

What is independent assortment?

4 lines
7.

If parent cell is 2N, what is the ploidy of the daughter cell?

a)

0N

b)

1N

c)

2N

d)

3N

8.

Comparing and Contrasting Mitosis and Meiosis

You should state the characteristics in mitosis AND meiosis.

Number of divisions

4 lines
9.

Comparing and Contrasting Mitosis and Meiosis

You should state the characteristics in mitosis AND meiosis.

Rounds of replication

4 lines
10.

Comparing and Contrasting Mitosis and Meiosis

You should state the characteristics in mitosis AND meiosis.

Parent cell vs. daughter cell

4 lines
11.

Comparing and Contrasting Mitosis and Meiosis

You should state the characteristics in mitosis AND meiosis.

Number of daughter cells

4 lines
12.

Comparing and Contrasting Mitosis and Meiosis

You should state the characteristics in mitosis AND meiosis.

Crossing over? Independent assortment?

4 lines
13.

Comparing and Contrasting Mitosis and Meiosis

You should state the characteristics in mitosis AND meiosis.

Function of process?

4 lines
14.

At the end of which round of meiosis is the cell haploid?

a)

Meiosis I

b)

Meiosis II

15.

When does DNA replication occur for meiosis?

a)

Before meiosis during interphase

b)

During prophase when the cell is preparing

c)

During metaphase when chromosomes are in the middle

d)

During telophase when the nuclear envelope is forming

16.

What phase of interphase does DNA replication occur?

a)

G1

b)

G2

c)

S

d)

It doesn’t occur in interphase

17.

Compare and contrast number of DNA replications between mitosis & meiosis

a)

Mitosis – 0, Meiosis – 1

b)

Mitosis – 1, Meiosis – 1

c)

Mitosis – 1, Meiosis – 2

d)

Mitosis – 1, Meiosis – 0

18.

Compare and contrast number of divisions between mitosis & meiosis

a)

Mitosis – 0, Meiosis – 1

b)

Mitosis – 1, Meiosis – 1

c)

Mitosis – 1, Meiosis – 2

d)

Mitosis – 1, Meiosis – 0

19.

Identify the phases of meiosis

4 lines
20.

Describe the daughter cells in meiosis vs parent cell

The daughter cells are…

a)

Identical & Diploid

b)

Unique & Diploid

c)

Identical & Haploid

d)

Unique & Haploid

21.

When does independent assortment take place?

a)

Metaphase I

b)

Metaphase II

c)

Prophase I

d)

Prophase II

22.

When does crossing over take place?

a)

Metaphase I

b)

Metaphase II

c)

Prophase I

d)

Prophase II

23.

When does the cell go from diploid to haploid?

a)

Meiosis I

b)

Meiosis II

24.

What goes through movements in Meiosis I?

a)

Homologous chromosomes

b)

Sister chromatids

25.

What goes through movements in Meiosis II?

a)

Homologous chromosomes

b)

Sister chromatids

26.

What moves apart during anaphase I of meiosis I?

a)

Homologous chromosomes

b)

Sister chromatids

27.

What moves apart during anaphase II of meiosis II?

a)

Homologous chromosomes

b)

Sister chromatids

28.

When does crossing over take place?

a)

Metaphase I

b)

Metaphase II

c)

Prophase I

d)

Prophase II

29.

How does crossing over affect linked traits?

4 lines
30.

What is the significance of crossing over?

a)

Decreases amount of DNA

b)

Decreases genetic variation

c)

Increases amount of DNA

d)

Increases genetic variation

31.

What is the ploidy after homologous chromosomes separate?

a)

Haploid

b)

Diploid

c)

Triploid

d)

Tetraploid

32.

Why is the cell haploid after homologous chromosomes separate?

4 lines
33.

What processes increases genetic variation?

4 lines
34.

What are homologous chromosomes?

4 lines
35.

What process caused the daughter cells to be haploid?

a)

Anaphase I/Telophase I

b)

Anaphase II/Telophase II

c)

Crossing over

d)

Independent assortment

36.

What is crossing over?

4 lines
37.

Which of the following does not lead to genetic variation?

a)

Crossing over

b)

Independent Assortment

c)

Random fertilization

d)

All of the above lead to genetic variation

38.

Which macromolecule carries the genetic code?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Nucleic Acids

d)

Proteins

39.

All cells have ribosomes…

a)

True

b)

False

40.

What is the ribosome’s role in terms of gene expression?

4 lines
41.

If you take one gene from one organism and insert in another organism, the organism can synthesize the same protein.

a)

True

b)

False

42.

Evolutionarily, why are you able to insert one gene into another & get same product?

4 lines
43.

Mendel described anaphase I as the law of …

a)

Autosomes

b)

Dominance

c)

Independent Assortment

d)

Segregation

44.

Mendel described metaphase I as the law of …

a)

Autosomes

b)

Dominance

c)

Independent Assortment

d)

Segregation

45.

What is the significance of gametes being haploid?

4 lines
46.

The type of inheritance where the phenotype is intermediate

a)

Codominance

b)

Complete dominance

c)

Incomplete dominance

47.

For incomplete dominance, what phenotypic ratio do you expect in monohybrid cross?

Monohybrid by definition means two parents are heterozygous.

a)

1:1:1:1

b)

1:2:1

c)

3:1

d)

4:0

48.

What type of inheritance has a 3:1 ratio in monohybrid cross?

a)

Codominance

b)

Complete dominance

c)

Incomplete dominance

d)

Pleiotropy

49.

Blood type phenotype can be A, B, AB, or O. This is an example of which type of dominance?

a)

Codominance

b)

Complete dominance

c)

Incomplete dominance

50.

What does it mean if inheritance is autosomal vs sex-linked?

4 lines
51.

What type of inheritance?

a)

Autosomal Dominant

b)

Autosomal Recessive

c)

Sex-Linked Dominant

d)

Sex-linked Recessive

52.

How do you know this is autosomal dominant?

4 lines
53.

Mother has blood type O and Baby has blood type O Which blood type could not be the father?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

AB

d)

O

54.

What is the phenotypic ratio of dihybrid complete dominance cross? Dihybrid by definition is heterozygous for two alleles

a)

1:1:1:1

b)

1:2:1

c)

9:3:3:1

d)

9:6:1

55.

Pink is incomplete dominance (heterozygous) Axial is complete dominance Solve for the ratio of pink and axial in a dihybrid cross.

4 lines
56.

What type of inheritance?

a)

Autosomal dominant

b)

Autosomal recessive

c)

Sex-Linked dominant

d)

Sex-Linked recessive

57.

How do you know this is sex-linked recessive?

4 lines
58.

Which organisms have ribosomes?

a)

Eukaryotes

b)

Prokaryotes

c)

Both

59.

You are able to insert genes between different organisms.

a)

True

b)

False

60.

Which metabolic process do all organisms undergo?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Krebs cycle

c)

Oxidative phosphorylation

d)

Photosynthesis

61.

Which phase of meiosis represents the law of independent assortment?

a)

Prophase I

b)

Metaphase I

c)

Anaphase I

d)

Telophase I

62.

Which phase of meiosis represents law of segregation?

a)

Prophase I

b)

Metaphase I

c)

Anaphase I

d)

Telophase I

63.

What is a monohybrid or dihybrid cross?

4 lines
64.

Assuming complete dominance, what are the parents if the offspring have a 1:1 ratio?

a)

Homozygous recessive and heterozygous

b)

Homozygous recessive and homozygous dominant

c)

Heterozygous and homozygous dominant

d)

Heterozygous and heterozygous

65.

What is the probability of AABBCC in a trihybrid cross?

a)

1/4

b)

1/16

c)

1/64

d)

1/256

66.

How does the phenotypic ratio differ between complete or incomplete dominance?

4 lines
67.

Cross between dihybrid and double recessive: what ratio do you expect?

a)

1:1:1:1

b)

1:2:1

c)

9:3:3:1

d)

12:3:1

68.

Parents:

Green, Smooth x Yellow, Wrinkled

Offspring:

Green, Smooth = 425

Green, Wrinkled = 50

Yellow, Smooth = 75

Yellow, Wrinkled = 450

How would you explain the offspring ratio differing from 1:1:1:1?

4 lines
69.

Parents:

Green, Smooth x Yellow, Wrinkled

Offspring:

Green, Smooth = 425

Green, Wrinkled = 50

Yellow, Smooth = 75

Yellow, Wrinkled = 450

What process explains the recombinants made?

a)

Crossing over

b)

Independent Assortment

c)

Metabolism

d)

Mitosis

70.

Parents:

Green, Smooth x Yellow, Wrinkled

Offspring:

Green, Smooth = 425

Green, Wrinkled = 50

Yellow, Smooth = 75

Yellow, Wrinkled = 450

Calculate the recombinant frequency

4 lines
71.

What is the difference between linked genes and SEX linked genes?

4 lines
72.

A mutation in the mitochondrial DNA is from

a)

Father

b)

Mother

c)

Both parents

d)

Neither random occurrence

73.

How would you recognize mitochondrial genes on a pedigree?

4 lines
74.

What is the expected ratio of dihybrid in a test cross?

a)

1:1:1:1

b)

1:2:1

c)

9:3:3:1

d)

9:3:4

75.

What does it mean if genes are linked?

4 lines
76.

If genes are linked, how would this affect the 1:1:1:1 ratio from testcross?

a)

Linkage will not affect the predicted ratios

b)

More parentals (>50%)

c)

More recombinants (>50%)

d)

Ratio follows 9:3:3:1

77.

How do you solve for the recombination frequency?

4 lines
78.

With linked genes, how do recombinants form?

a)

Crossing over

b)

Independent assortment

c)

Random fertilization

d)

Transformation

79.

If a male (AMAB) is affected by a sex-linked trait which parent passed it on?

AMAB – assigned male at birth

a)

Father

b)

Mother

80.

Which organelle contains DNA?

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Nucleus

d)

All of the above

81.

Mitochondrial inheritance follows the ____

a)

Egg

b)

Sperm

82.

In a pedigree and determining mode of inheritance…

a)

A dominant trait is found in every generation

b)

A dominant trait will skip generations

c)

A dominant trait is only found in males

d)

A dominant trait that is found in all offspring of affected females

83.

In a pedigree and determining mode of inheritance…

a)

A recessive allele is found in every generation

b)

A recessive trait can be seen with unaffected parents

c)

A recessive trait is only found in females

d)

A recessive trait is found in all offspring of affected father

84.

Mitochondrial inheritance seen in pedigree as…

a)

Affected male and all offspring are affected

b)

Affected female and all offspring are affected

c)

Affected mother only passing on to daughters

d)

Affected mother only passing on to sons

85.

If males and females are equally likely to be affected

a)

The trait is autosomal

b)

The trait is sex-linked

86.

What is phenotypic plasticity?

4 lines
87.

Why would the snowshoe hare change to brown earlier?

4 lines
88.

As temperatures increase, the caterpillar population will hatch earlier. Predict how the hatching of its predator is affected?

a)

Hatched earlier

b)

Hatched at same time

c)

Hatched later

d)

Hatching rate decreased

89.

Identify why many animals undergo plasticity

a)

Different genotypes

b)

Different ancestors

c)

Differential reproductive selection

d)

Different species

90.

Which of these does not cause genetic variation?

a)

Fertilization

b)

Independent Assortment

c)

Mitosis

d)

Segregation

91.

How does independent assortment cause genetic variation?

4 lines
92.

How does segregation cause genetic variation?

4 lines
93.

How does fertilization increase genetic variation?

4 lines
94.

Which phase of meiosis involved independent assortment?

a)

Anaphase I

b)

Metaphase I

c)

Prophase I

d)

Telophase I

95.

Which phase of meiosis involved crossing over?

a)

Anaphase I

b)

Metaphase I

c)

Prophase I

d)

Telophase I

96.

Which phase of meiosis involved segregation?

a)

Anaphase I

b)

Metaphase I

c)

Prophase I

d)

Telophase I

97.

Why doesn’t the law of segregation apply to meiosis II?

4 lines
98.

There were two different theories about how traits were passed down from one generation to the next. How are traits inherited?

a)

Blended Theory

b)

Chromosomal Theory

99.

What is nondisjunction?

a)

When genes move from one chromosome to another

b)

When two sister chromatids are bound during prophase

c)

When two cells do not undergo cytokinesis

d)

When two chromosomes do not separate in anaphase

100.

Nondisjunction causes extra chromosomes to be inherited. On March 21, we celebrate National Downs Syndrome Awareness Day and Downs is caused by nondisjunction. But do you know which chromosome is involved?

a)

Chromosome 8

b)

Chromosome 15

c)

Chromosome 18

d)

Chromosome 21

101.

Why doesn’t the law of segregation apply to meiosis II?

4 lines
102.

What is the inheritance of the sickle cell gene?

a)

Autosomal dominant

b)

Autosomal recessive

c)

Sex-linked dominant

d)

Sex-linked recessive

103.

What is the mode of inheritance of hemophilia?

a)

Autosomal dominant

b)

Autosomal recessive

c)

Sex-linked dominant

d)

Sex-linked recessive

104.

What is the mode of inheritance of polydactyl?

a)

Autosomal dominant

b)

Autosomal recessive

c)

Sex-linked dominant

d)

Sex-linked recessive

105.

What is nondisjunction?

4 lines
106.

Which checkpoint halts to ensure all chromosomes are attached to kinetochores?

a)

G1

b)

S

c)

G2

d)

M

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