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Mega Review for Quiz #9

Total questions: 148

Worksheet time: 3hrs 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Fully grown parent cells split into two halves resulting in two daughter cells with the exact DNA as the parent.

a)

Binary Fission

b)

Budding

c)

Fragmentation

d)

Vegetative Reproductions

2.

Fully grown parent cells split into two halves resulting in two daughter cells with the exact DNA as the parent.

a)

Binary Fission

b)

Budding

c)

Fragmentation

d)

Vegetative Reproductions

3.

A parent cell breaks into pieces and each piece becomes a new offspring.

a)

Binary Fission

b)

Budding

c)

Fragmentation

d)

Vegetative Reproductions

4.

Which is not an advantage for asexual reproduction?

a)

Less genetic variation

b)

No need for a mate

c)

Quick

d)

Produces more offspring

5.

What type of asexual reproduction is taking place?

a)

Binary Fission

b)

Budding

c)

Fragmentation

d)

Regeneration

e)

Vegetative Reproduction

6.

What type of asexual reproduction is taking place?

a)

Binary Fission

b)

Budding

c)

Fragmentation

d)

Regeneration

e)

Vegetative Reproduction

7.

What type of asexual reproduction is taking place?

a)

Binary Fission

b)

Budding

c)

Fragmentation

d)

Regeneration

e)

Vegetative Reproduction

8.

What type of asexual reproduction is taking place?

a)

Binary Fission

b)

Budding

c)

Fragmentation

d)

Regeneration

e)

Vegetative Reproduction

9.

What type of asexual reproduction is taking place?

a)

Binary Fission

b)

Budding

c)

Fragmentation

d)

Regeneration

e)

Vegetative Reproduction

10.

___________________ is a type of asexual reproduction in which a piece of a parent organism breaks off to form an new organism (ex. starfish).

a)

fission

b)

budding

c)

fragmentation

d)

fertiliztion

11.

When an offspring grows off from the body of a parent organism it is called __________________.

a)

budding

b)

fission

c)

fragmentation

d)

sporulation

12.

How many parents are required for sexual reproduction?

a)

0

b)

1

c)

2

d)

3

13.

Asexual reproduction is associated with what type of cell division?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

14.

What is the type of cell division associated with sexual reproduction?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

15.
How many parent(s) are needed for asexual reproduction?
a)
4
b)
1
c)
9
d)
100
16.
Which process is considered to be faster? 
a)
Asexual
b)
Sexual 
17.
Redwood trees are the tallest and largest trees in the world. Like other conifer trees, the trees bear male and female cones that rely on the wind for pollination. What kind of reproduction is this?
a)
Asexual
b)
Sexual
18.
Baker’s yeast is a tiny, single-celled fungus that makes bread dough rise and converts sugars in alcohol. This yeast reproduces by budding. As the small bud grows, it receives a copy of the parent’s nucleus. When the bud pinches off, the new cell is smaller than the parent cell but genetically identical  What type of reproduction is this?
a)
Asexual
b)
Sexual
19.
When comparing the offspring of sexually and asexually reproducing organisms, we would expect the genetic material (DNA) of the sexually reproducing organism to -
a)
contain fewer mutations
b)
be lesser in quantity
c)
be simpler overall
d)
show more variation
20.
In asexual reproduction, all of the offspring are:
a)
Physically Identical
b)
Genetically Identical
c)
The same age
d)
Not Identical
21.
What is one disadvantage for asexual reproduction?
a)
Happens very quickly
b)
Only needs one parent
c)
Lack of genetic diversity
d)
All offspring are exact copies of parent
22.
The offspring from asexually reproduced organisms are?
a)
Different than their parents
b)
Genetically identical to parent
c)
Like a combination from both parents
d)
A different species
23.
What is an advantage of sexual reproduction?
a)
Higher chance of adapting or evolving over time
b)
Only needs one parent
c)
Happens very quickly and easily 
d)
Produces many offspring
24.
If two organisms reproduce sexually, then their offspring will exhibit a genetic makeup that is -
a)
identical to only one parent
b)
identical to all of its siblings
c)
a unique combination of traits
d)
the recessive traits of each parent
25.
 A white cat had a litter of kittens that were orange, grey, and black and white spotted. Is this the result of sexual or asexual reproduction? And how would you characterize the offspring listed above?
a)
Sexual reproduction with uniform offspring
b)
Asexual reproduction with diverse offspring
c)
Sexual reproduction with diverse offspring
d)
Asexual reproduction with uniform offspring
26.
Provided is a table of organisms and some data on their characteristics. Based on the information in the table, which organism is likely to produce offspring with the greatest genetic diversity?
a)
Black mold
b)
Bell tree dahlia
c)
Spruce
d)
Hydra
27.

___________ reproduction has the advantage of increasing genetic variation.

a)

Sexual

b)

Asexual

c)

Fission

d)

Budding

28.

A sperm and an egg join together in a process called

a)

mitosis

b)

meiosis

c)

fertilization

d)

fission

29.

When a female produces young without fertilization, it is called _______________.

a)

interphase

b)

fission

c)

mitosis

d)

parthenogenesis

30.

Organisms produced by asexual reproduction are genetically different from the parent organism.

a)

False

b)

True

31.

In asexual reproduction, two parents each contribute a sex cell to the new organism.

a)

True

b)

False

32.

An advantage of asexual reproduction is that favorable traits from the parent is passed on to the offspring.

a)

True

b)

False

33.

When a new organism grows by mitosis and cell division on the body of its parent:

a)

fission

b)

budding

c)

cloning

d)

regeneration

34.

When one parent organism produces offspring without meiosis and fertilization:

a)

asexual reproduction

b)

sexual reproduction

35.

What organism reproduces using vegetative regeneration?

a)

coral

b)

strawberries

c)

bacteria

d)

sea star

36.

What organism reproduces using regeneration?

a)

coral

b)

strawberries

c)

bacteria

d)

sea star

37.

What organism reproduces using budding?

a)

coral

b)

strawberries

c)

bacteria

d)

sea star

38.

What organism reproduces using fission?

a)

coral

b)

strawberries

c)

bacteria

d)

sea star

39.

What is an disadvantage of asexual reproduction?

a)

An organism can reproduce without a mate

b)

Some organisms can quickly produce a large number of offspring

c)

There is little genetic variation within a population

40.

What is a disadvantage of sexual reproduction?

a)

Genetic variation

b)

Organisms must grow and develop until they are mature enough to reproduce

c)

Selective breeding

41.

Which of the following is not a benefit of asexual reproduction?

a)

Offspring will be successful in an unchanged environment.

b)

Good at adapting to changing environments.

c)

Only requires one parent to produce offspring.

d)

Can reproduce rapidly.

42.

An organism that has been reproduced by asexual means receives ______________ of its chromosomes from its one parent.

a)

3

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

100%

43.

What is the big advantage of sexual reproduction?

a)

Can quickly grow the population

b)

Offspring are guaranteed to be successful in an unchanged environment.

c)

Only one parent is required to reproduce.

d)

Can adapt to changing environments

44.

An organism that has been reproduced by sexual reproduction received ____________ of its chromosomes from the male parent.

a)

4

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

100%

45.

What is an advantage of sexual reproduction?

a)

it is a faster process

b)

negative traits of parents may not always be passed to offspring

c)

it takes more energy and time

d)

finding a mate is necessary

46.

____________________ occurs when a male gamete (sperm) combines with a female gamete (egg).

a)

sporulation

b)

fertilization

c)

fission

d)

regeneration

47.

Reproduction is when a(n) _____________________.

a)

new organism is made

b)

organism dies

c)

organism eats food

d)

organism fights another organism

48.

Offspring means ___________________.

a)

babies or young

b)

parents

c)

grandparents

d)

cousins

49.

The offspring of sexual reproduction are genetically _____________.

a)

identical

b)

the same

c)

different

d)

clones

50.

Select the true statement.

a)

Sexual reproduction is always better than asexual reproduction.

b)

Asexual reproduction is always better than sexual reproduction.

c)

Both methods have positives and negatives.

51.
If an environment suddenly changes, which type of reproduction would be most beneficial? Why?
a)
Asexual, because asexual organisms always have variation within species.
b)
Sexual, because sexual organisms have variation within species.
c)
Both Asexual and Sexual reproduction would be beneficial, because they both have variation within species.
d)
Asexual, because asexual organisms have no variation, so they can adapt to a changing environment.
52.

What types of living organisms have no genetic material at all?

a)

Insects

b)

Bacteria

c)

Plants

d)

All living organisms have genetic material

53.

Which of the following is an example of a beneficial mutation?

a)

When an organism's lifespan becomes shorter.

b)

When an organism becomes unable to reproduce.

c)

When an organism's body becomes deformed.

d)

When an organism develops immunity to a disease.

54.

A permanent change in the DNA sequence

which can affect a single gene or group of genes

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Somatic Cell

c)

Chromosomal Mutation

d)

Gene Mutation

55.

Mutations can be...

a)

Harmful

b)

Beneficial

c)

Neutral

d)

All of the Above

56.

Mutations are...

a)

Changes in the sequence of DNA

b)

Broken chromosomes

c)

Bad genes

57.

True or false, mutations create genetic diversity?

a)

True

b)

False

58.

A change in a gene, group of genes or chromosome that results in a change in the proteins

a)

Replication

b)

Mutations

c)

Translation

d)

Transcription

59.

Mutations that involve parts of or all of

a chromosome

a)

Replication

b)

Deletion Mutation

c)

Chromosomal Mutation

d)

Transcription

60.

A mutation is defined as:

a)

A change in the cell's structure

b)

Anything that changes in an embryo

c)

Any change in the physical features of a human

d)

A change in the DNA sequence

61.

Identify which of the following is a genetic mutation disease..

a)

Common head cold

b)

Cystic fibrosis

c)

Heart attack

d)

Chicken pox

62.
What is a Gene?
a)
A segment of RNA that encodes for a protein
b)
A chromosome
c)
A segment of DNA that encodes for a protein
d)
Your genome
63.
Are all mutations bad?
a)
Yes
b)
No
64.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
65.

Which of the following is an example of a harmful mutation? 

a)
Developing cancer
b)
Makes the organism faster
c)
Makes the organism a predator 
d)
Develops sharp claws
66.

What do harmful mutations do? 

a)
Decrease chances of survival 
b)

Increase chances of survival 

c)

Decrease likelihood of developing cancer

d)

Increase likelihood of developing cancer

67.

What do beneficial mutations do? 

a)

Increase chances of survival 

b)

Decreases chance of survival 

c)

Increase chances of developing cancer

d)

Decrease skills

68.

This is any variation that makes an organism better suited to its environment.

a)

Evolution

b)

Graduation

c)

Species

d)

Adaptation

69.
Which feature helps an animal hide from other animals?
a)
looking like a dangerous animal
b)
being the same color as the place it lives (camoflauge)
c)
having sharp claws or a strong shel
d)
having only a few young and caring for them
70.

How do adaptations help animals?

a)

To escape animals

b)

to hunt for food

c)

to survive in their habitats

d)

All of these are correct

71.
A giraffe has a long neck in order to better reach leaves to eat.  This is an example of _____. 
a)
an adaptation
b)
environment
c)
response
d)
stimulus
72.

Which of the following is a structural adaptation for the underlined animal?

a)
A butterfly has bright colors to warn predators that it is poisonous.
b)
A hognose snake rolls over, slows its breathing, and hangs its tongue out to play dead.
c)
A herd of buffalo encircle their young to protect them from a pack of wolves.
d)
A dung beetle rolls a piece of dung across the desert.
73.

Polar bears have compact ears, a small tail, and thick fur to keep themselves warm. Are these examples of structural or behavioral adaptations?

a)

Structural

b)

Behavioral

74.

Adaptation that refers to how an organism behaves and how interacts with other.

a)

adaptations

b)

mimicry

c)

behavioral

d)

camouflage

75.

Structural adaptation

a)

are physical features of an organism like the bill on a bird or the fur on a bear

b)

Mental adaptation, of the thinking of the animal

76.
The ears of this fox are an example of...
a)
A behavioral adaptation
b)
Poor breeding
c)

A structural adaptation

d)
Plastic surgery gone horribly wrong
77.

Birds have different beaks to help them survive in their habitat, which is a type of ___________ adaptation.

a)

behavioral

b)

structural

c)

learned

d)

migration

78.
Which is an example of adaptation?
a)
White fur on a polar bear
b)
the shape of a stick insect
c)
the spines on a cactus 
d)
all of these
79.
Which of these is an example of a behavioral adaptation?
a)
wings on a bird
b)
the migration of a bird
c)
the beak on a bird
d)
the feathers of a bird
80.

A slight difference in inherited traits among individual members of a species is...

a)

camouflage

b)

adaptation

c)

selective breeding

d)

variation

81.

Who are mutations in a DNA sequence passed on to?

a)

others

b)

parents

c)

neighbors

d)

offspring

82.
Some grasses grow in hot dry areas. Why might they grow deep roots?
a)
to protect the plant from sun damage
b)
to take in as much light as possible
c)
to spread seeds to new places
d)
to reach water down below
83.
Why might some plants have thorns?
a)
to stay safe from animals that want to eat the plant
b)
to attract insects that spread pollen to other plants
c)
to take in nutrients from the air
d)
to provide shade for the plant
84.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
85.

Which of the following is a Homozygous Dominant Genotype?

a)

Yy

b)

XX

c)

zz

86.

Which of the following is a homozygous recessive genotype?

a)

HH

b)

dd

c)

Aa

87.

Which of the following is a heterozygous genotype?

a)

Gg

b)

UU

c)

pp

88.

In a Punnett Square, 1 box is equal to 25%. How much are 3 boxes equal to?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

89.

Fill in the Yellow Box

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

90.

Fill in the Yellow Box

a)

Bb

b)

BB

c)

bb

91.

The punnett square is used to tell the color of a frogs skin. "G" means green skin and "g" means brown skin. What is the chance the baby frogs will have brown skin?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

100%

92.
An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present. The "weaker" gene. 
a)
Dominant Allele
b)
Recessive Allele
93.
An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present. The "stronger" gene. 
a)
Dominant Allele
b)
Recessive Allele
94.
An organism’s genetic makeup or allele combination.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Beanotype
d)
Notype
95.
An organism’s physical appearance, or visible traits. 
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Beanotype
d)
Notype
96.
What is called when a organism has  two different alleles for a trait. Tt or Rr
a)
Heterozygous
b)
Homozygous
c)
Domozygous
d)
Thermozygous
97.
What is called when a organism has two identical alleles for a trait. TT or tt. RR or rr
a)
Heterozygous
b)
Homozygous
c)
Domozygous
d)
Thermozygous
98.
Scientists use capital and small letters to show the _____ of an organism. 
a)
genotype
b)
genetic disorder
c)
phenotype
d)
genome
99.
An organism that has one dominant and one recessive allele for height is _____.
a)
unusual
b)
homozygous
c)
mutated
d)
heterozygous
100.
Heterozygous is when...
a)
the alleles are the same
b)
the alleles are different
c)
the alleles are absent
d)
the alleles are present
101.
Homozygous is when...
a)
the alleles are the same
b)
the alleles are different
c)
the alleles are absent
d)
the alleles are present
102.
In a heterozygous genotype, the ___________ allele takes over in the phenotype.
a)
recessive
b)
dominant
c)
lower case letter
d)
both 
103.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
black hair
c)
heterozygous genes
d)
mutated DNA
104.
This image shows a...
a)
Punnett Square
b)
Phenotype
c)
Genotype
d)
Dominant allele
105.

What are the possible phenotype(s) of the offspring? (A-Brown hair; a-blond hair)

a)

50 % Brown Hair and 50% Blond Hair

b)

25 % Brown Hair and 75% Blond Hair

c)

75 % Brown Hair and 25% Blond Hair

d)

0% Brown Hair and 100% Blond Hair

106.

In a certain species of plant, the color purple (P) is dominant to the color white (p).

According to the Punnett Square, what is the probability of an offspring being purple?

a)

25%

b)

0%

c)

100%

d)

50%

107.
What is the yellow seed genotype?
a)
aa
b)
Aa
c)
AA
d)
AA or Aa
108.
What genotype would go in box 2?
a)
BB
b)
Bb
c)
bb
109.

What is the probability of heterozygous offspring?

a)

0%

b)

100%

c)

50%

d)

25%

110.
What allele combination should go in the missing box?
a)
AA
b)
Aa
c)
aa
d)
none of these
111.

What is the possibility of this offspring having the dominant trait?

a)

50%

b)

75%

c)

25%

d)

0%

112.
An offspring will receive how many alleles from each parent to determine a specific trait?
a)
one
b)
two
c)
three
d)
five
113.
What is the phenotype of the heterozygous parent in the punnett square?
a)
green
b)
yellow
c)
hybrid
d)
purebred
114.
B = brown eyes
b = blue eyes
What is true about these two brothers that have brown eyes?
One has genotype BB the other Bb.
a)
they have same phenotype and genotype
b)
they have different genotypes and phenotypes
c)
they have same phenotype but different genotypes
d)
they have same genotype but different phenotypes
115.
In pea plants, the tall allele is dominant to the short allele. What key would demonstrate this?
a)
Tall = T
Short = S
b)
Tall = T
Short = t
c)
Tall = t
Short = T
d)
Tall = TT
Short = tt
116.
A heterozygous long-tusked elephant is crossed with a homozygous recessive short-tusked elephant. What is the probability of the offspring having short tusks?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
117.
A heterozygous long-tusked elephant is crossed with a homozygous recessive short-tusked elephant. What is the probability of the offspring having short tusks?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
118.
What is the probability of a purple-horned unicorn if a heterozygous pink-horned unicorn is crossed with a heterozygous pink-horned unicorn?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
119.
Identify the homozygous dominant genotype:
a)
FF
b)
Ff
c)
ff
120.
Aa, DD, bB, yy are all examples of
a)
genotypes
b)
phenotypes
121.

Which of the following would be a phenotype?

a)

Aa

b)

red hair

c)

heterozygous

d)

DNA

122.

Which of the following genotypes is Purebred? Select 2 answers.

a)

aA

b)

Aa

c)

AA

d)

aa

123.
Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?
a)
Bb
b)
BB
c)
bb
d)
B
124.

Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?

a)

Yy

b)

yY

c)

yy

d)

YY

125.

Which of the following genotypes is homozygous recessive?

a)

Tt

b)

tt

c)

TT

d)

tT

126.

In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the genotype of any white-flowering plant resulting from this species?

a)

rr

b)

rR

c)

RR

d)

Rr

127.
Genotype refers to the ...
a)
physical expression of the genes
b)
the possible combination of alleles in a gene
c)
whether an allele is dominant or recessive
d)
how an organism will appear
128.

The combination of genes a person has, represented by letters, is their...

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

c)

Chromosome

d)

Punnett Square

129.

The physical (observable) traits a person has is their...

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

c)

Chromosome

d)

Punnett Square

130.

How many alleles (versions of a gene) do we get from each parent?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

131.

If A = red fur and a = white fur, what color fur would Aa be?

a)

red

b)

white

c)

purple

d)

blue

132.

If A = red fur and a = white fur, what is the probability of red fur?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

133.
Each one of the boxes on the Punnett Square represents what probability of an offsprings' genotype?
a)
25%
b)
1%
c)
10%
d)
0%
134.

What is the probability & phenotype of the offspring? (A-Brown hair; a-blond hair)

a)

50% Brown Hair and 50% Blond Hair

b)

25 % Brown Hair and 75% Blond Hair

c)

75 % Brown Hair and 25% Blond Hair

d)

0% Brown Hair and 100% Blond Hair

135.
In a punnet square where are the parent alleles written?
a)
Top and inside the boxes
b)
Only on the left and right side of the boxes. 
c)
outside of the boxes (top and left side)
d)
All on the top side of the boxes
136.
How many alleles (letters) do each person carry for a trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
137.
What should students use to identify the percent chance of a trait being passed down from a parent to its offspring?
a)
a graph
b)
a flow chart
c)
a data table
d)
a Punnett square
138.

Which of these Punnett squares represents a cross between a homozygous dominant parent and a heterozygous parent?

a)
b)
c)
d)
139.

Describes a genetic trait that covers over, or dominates, another form of that trait

a)

Gamete

b)

Dominant

c)

Solvent

d)

Chromosome

140.

Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

a)

Osmosis

b)

Meiosis

c)

Dominant

d)

Chromosome

141.

The substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution

(example: SALT + water = saltwater)

a)

Solute

b)

Mutation

c)

Gamete

d)

Osmosis

142.

Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms

a)

Mutation

b)

Meiosis

c)

Osmosis

d)

Chromosome

143.

A random change (like a typo) in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information; can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful to the organism

a)

Mutation

b)

Meiosis

c)

Daughter cell

d)

Solvent

144.

A part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes are duplicated and divided into two new nuclei; necessary for growth and repair of living organisms

a)

Gamete

b)

Osmosis

c)

Mutation

d)

Mitosis

145.

The substance in which the solute dissolves to make a solution

(example: salt + WATER = saltwater)

a)

Mitosis

b)

Daughter cells

c)

Solvent

d)

Chromosome

146.

Threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain an organism's genes

a)

Meiosis

b)

Chromosomes

c)

Daughter cells

d)

Solute

147.

Reproductive cell produced during meiosis that has half the number of chromosomes (known as haploid)

a)

Solvent

b)

Gamete

c)

Mutation

d)

Chromosomes

148.

The two new cells that are produced as a result of mitosis. These cells are identical to each other, and also to the original parent cell.

a)

Chromosomes

b)

Solute

c)

Daughter cells

d)

Mutation

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