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Final exam

Total questions: 140

Worksheet time: 35hrs 0mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How many degrees is Earth's axis tilted?

a)

97.3 degrees

b)

23.5 degrees

c)

27.8 degrees

d)

90 degrees

2.

Spring happens when the sun:

a)

shines more directly in the northern hemisphere.

b)

shines more directly in the southern hemisphere.

c)

shines more directly at the equator.

d)

shines more directly on the poles.

3.

How long does it take for the earth to make one full rotation on it's axis?

a)

24 hours

b)

365 days

c)

1 year

d)

365.25 days

4.

On the day of the summer solstice there will be:

a)

more sunlight that day than any other day of the year.

b)

less sunlight that day than any other day of the year.

c)

equal amounts of day and night.

5.

Why do we experience the changing of seasons on the Earth?

a)
distance from the sun
b)
rotation of the earth
c)
change in solar output
d)
tilt of the earth's axix
6.

At position C, in the Northern hemisphere it would be _____?

a)
Summer
b)
Winter
c)
Spring
d)
Fall
7.

What happens when the area in which you live tilts away from the sun?

a)
It is summer.
b)
It is spring.
c)
It is winter.
d)
It is fall.
8.

The imaginary line that separates the northern and southern hemispheres is called the....

a)
axis
b)
equator
c)
solstice
d)
equinox
9.

Day and night is caused by the _____________ of Earth on its axis.

a)
revolution
b)
orbit
c)
rotation
d)
Tilt
10.

Name the season with the longest day

a)

Spring

b)

Fall

c)

Summer

d)

Winter

11.

If the Earth suddenly stopped having seasons, what could be the likely causes?

a)

The Moon disappeared.

b)

The Earth is no longer tilted.

c)

The Earth's rotation has increased.

d)

The Earth moved farther away from the Sun.

12.

When the Northern Hemisphere is pointing towards the Sun, what season is the Southern Hemisphere experiencing?

a)

Summer

b)

Spring

c)

Winter

d)

Fall

13.

During winter, the sun's rays are ____________________________.

a)

Direct

b)

Indirect

14.

During summer, the sun's rays are ____________________________.

a)

Direct

b)

Indirect

15.

During summer, the sunlight covers ____________________________.

a)

more of Earth's surface area

b)

less of Earth's surface area

16.

During winter, the sunlight covers ____________________________.

a)

more of Earth's surface area

b)

less of Earth's surface area

17.

Direct rays of sunlight are ___________.

a)

more intense

b)

less intense

18.

Indirect rays of sunlight are ___________.

a)

more intense

b)

less intense

19.
What is the center of our solar system?
a)
moon
b)
earth
c)
sun
d)
Jupiter
20.
Which one takes 24 hours?
a)
rotation
b)
revolution
21.
What describes the earth going around the sun?
a)
rotation
b)
revolution
22.

This is the first planet from the Sun; it is very hot in the day and very cold in the night.

a)

Mercury

b)

Neptune

c)

Earth

d)

Jupiter

23.

What are large chunks of rocks and metal in space?

a)

Earth

b)

comet

c)

asteroids

d)

gibbous

24.

The fourth planet from the Sun; also known as the "red planet."

a)

Neptune

b)

Mercury

c)

Earth

d)

Mars

25.

These are the 4 planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars) are known as

a)

terrestrial planets

b)

gas giants

c)

dwarf planets

d)

solar planets

26.

These are the four planets the Sun; Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are classified as

a)

terrestrial planets

b)

gas giants

c)

solar planets

d)

the best planets

27.

Where is the Asteroid Belt located in the Solar System?

a)

near Neptune

b)

between Mercury and Venus

c)

between Mars and Jupiter

d)

around the Sun

28.

Which planet has the most gravity?

a)

Earth

b)

Mars

c)

Neptune

d)

Jupiter

29.

What factor causes one planet to have more gravity than other planets

a)

The planets mass

b)

The planets size

c)

Terrestrial planets have more gravity

d)

Gas giants have more gravity

30.

This causes day and night...

a)

Earth's revolution or orbit

b)

Earth's rotation or spin

c)

Tectonic Plates

d)

Gravity

31.

This causes Earth's seasons...

a)

Earth's revolution and tilt on its axis

b)

Earth's rotation or spin

c)

Tectonic Plates

d)

Gravity

32.

An equinox is

a)

When there is a long day and short night

b)

When there is a short day and long night

c)

When there is equal day and equal night

33.

If it is summer in the Northern hemisphere, it is what season in the southern hemisphere?

a)

Summer

b)

Fall

c)

Winter

d)

Spring

34.

If it is fall in the northern hemisphere, what season is it in the southern hemisphere?

a)

Summer

b)

Fall

c)

Winter

d)

Spring

35.

If it is spring in the northern hemisphere, what season is it in the southern hemisphere?

a)

Summer

b)

Fall

c)

Winter

d)

Spring

36.

The outer planets are also called ________.

a)

terrestrial planets

b)

larger planets

c)

gas giants

d)

farthest planets

37.

A natural satellite that orbits the planet.

a)

rotation

b)

earth

c)

moon

d)

sun

38.

The path one objects in space takes around another.

a)

tilt

b)

orbit

c)

revolution

d)

rotation

39.
the process of sediment being glued together
a)
compaction
b)
weathering
c)
erosion
d)
cementation
40.

____ rocks form when rock buried deep inside the earth change without melting or weathering

a)

igneous

b)

sediment

c)

metamorphic

d)

sedimentary

41.

A rock that has cooled fast and may look like glass.

a)

igneous

b)

metamorphic

c)

sedimentary

d)

sediment

42.

Movement of the Earth's tectonic plates creates extreme _____ below Earth's surface.

a)

compaction/cementation

b)

weathering/erosion

c)

heat/pressure

d)

explosions/exchanges

43.
What process is used to form sedimentary rocks?
a)
Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.
b)
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation
c)
Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn rocks into new rocks.
d)
Magma trapped under the Earth's surface cools and solidifies.
44.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
45.

This rock was found near the mouth of a volcano. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Extrusive Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Intrusive Igneous

46.

Which type of rock results from melting and cooling of magma?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

d)

clastic

47.
A metamorphic rock changes into an igneous rock by what two processes?
a)
Melting and cooling
b)
Extreme heat and pressure
c)
Compaction and cementation
d)
Weathering and erosion
48.
Wind, water, and ice breaking down rock is called
a)
Erosion
b)
Deposition
c)
Compaction
d)
Weathering
49.
The process by which sediment is moved from one place to another.   Can be caused by water, wind, ice, and gravity.
a)
Rock Cycle
b)
Uplift
c)
Deposition
d)
Erosion
50.
True or False: Once a rock is sedimentary, it cannot become an igneous rock.
a)
True
b)
False
51.

The best answer for section "A" in the diagram

a)

metamorphic/melting

b)

compaction/cementation

c)

weathering/erosion

d)

heat/pressure

52.

The best answer for section "C" in the diagram

a)

metamorphic/melting

b)

compaction/cementation

c)

weathering/erosion

d)

heat/pressure

53.

The best answer for section "B"

a)

metamorphic/melting

b)

compaction/cementation

c)

weathering/erosion

d)

heat/pressure

54.

Rocks are combinations of one or more _______________ that we find in nature.

a)

asteroids

b)

minerals

c)

sediments

d)

metals

55.

Magma erupts from a volcano and cools quickly on the Earth's surface to form

a)

extrusive igneous rock

b)

intrusive igneous rock

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

metamorphic rock

56.

Magma that cools slowly underneath Earth's surface hardens into

a)

extrusive igneous rock

b)

intrusive igneous rock

c)

metamorphic rock

d)

magma

57.

Metamorphic rock melts to form

a)

extrusive igneous rock

b)

magma

c)

sediments

d)

intrusive igneous rock

58.
What type of rock are fossils often found in?
a)
igneous
b)
metamorphic
c)
sedimentary
d)
magma
59.
A rock which contains a useful mineral is call a/an
a)
gem
b)
quarry
c)
ore
d)
alloy
60.
The color of a mineral in powder form is called the mineral's 
a)
hardness
b)
specific gravity
c)
luster
d)
streak
61.
How light reflects off of a mineral is called the mineral's 
a)
luster
b)
streak
c)
cleavage
d)
fracture
62.
Why is coal not a mineral?
a)
It's not a solid
b)
It is man-made
c)
It is not inorganic
d)
It is made of carbon
63.
This narrow channel of gold intruding into the surrounding rock is called a 
a)
sill
b)
dike
c)
volcanic neck
d)
vein
64.

Which factor determines the crystal shape of a mineral?

a)

arrangement of atoms

b)

presence of impurities

c)

reflection of light

65.

The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Exfoliation

66.

The process by which rock and soil are moved from one place to another is called-

a)

Chemical weatherin

b)

Erosion

c)

Mechanical weathering

d)

Deosition

67.

This type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces.

a)

Chemical weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Mechanical weathering

d)

Deposition

68.

What do we call the process in which rock is broken down by changes in its chemical makeup.

a)

Chemical weathering

b)

Mechanical weathering

c)

Erosion

d)

Deposition

69.

The image above depicts the effects of chemical weathering breaking down limestone. Which type of chemical weathering causes this reaction?

a)

Acid rain

b)

Oxidation

c)

Exfoliation

d)

Abrasion

70.

Over millions of years, the shape of mountains on Earth's surface can change to low hills and then rolling plains. These changes are most likely caused by-

a)

Folding and faulting

b)

Volcanoes and Earthquakes

c)

Human activity

d)

Weathering and Erosion

71.

What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

a)

Erosion breaks down the rocks, and weathering carries the broken pieces away.

b)

Erosion carries broken pieces away, and weathering builds the pieces back up into another land mass.

c)

Weathering carries broken pieces away, and erosion builds the pieces back up into another land mass.

d)

Weathering breaks down rocks, and erosion carries the broken pieces away.

72.

The tallest sand dunes in North America are found in Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve in Colorado. These dunes were formed from the sand at the bottom of a dry lake bed. Which of the following agents is most likely responsible for the formation of the sand dunes?

a)

Wind

b)

Water

c)

Ice

d)

Gravity

73.

_____________ is the dropping off/ depositing of rocks.

a)

Metamorphosis

b)

Deposition

c)

Weathering

d)

Erosion

74.

What should the students conclude from the results of the experiment?

a)

Rock A weathers slower

b)

A crushed rock weathers faster

c)

Rock B weathers faster

d)

A crushed rock weathers slower

75.

Sand settles on the beach after waves dropped it there. This is an example of...

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

76.

Water mixed with carbon forming carbonic acid that eats away at marble and limestone.

a)

mechanical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

77.

Small islands made of sediment called deltas form at the end of rivers

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

78.

A plant takes root in a small crevice of rock, as the plant grows, its roots push on the edges of the rock, breaking it

a)

mechanical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

79.

Sand dunes are large piles of sand that can be found in the desert. What causes these sand dunes to form?

a)

water

b)

wind

c)

ice

d)

volcanoes

80.

The wind picks up all the smaller particles leaving behind only bigger rocks.

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

81.

Statue of Liberty has changed colors over time because oxygen has caused the surface of the copper it is made of to change into a new chemical (just like copper pennies turn green). What kind of weathering is this?

a)

chemical weathering

b)

mechanical weathering

82.

Canyons are formed by

a)

earthquakes breaking rock layers apart.

b)

wind smoothing out rock formations.

c)

lava flowing from nearby volcanoes.

d)

rivers carrying sediments that weather and erode land.

83.

How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks? The freezing water

a)

keeps the rocks in place

b)

expands cracks and breaks rocks

c)

makes the rocks last longer

d)

causes rocks to fall in landslides

84.

A cliff formed near the ocean. Which statement best describes how this cliff formed?

a)

warm air melted the rock

b)

sun rays evaporated the rock

c)

ocean waves washed away rock

d)

plant roots pushed away the rock

85.

Isotopes of an element have a different number of...

a)

Protons

b)

Neutrons

c)

Electrons

d)

Mass

86.

How do you calculate mass number?

a)

Mass x percent

b)

Protons + Electrons

c)

Protons + Neutrons

d)

Neutrons + Protons + Electrons

87.

Why do these three Carbon atoms have different mass numbers?

a)

different number of electrons

b)

different number of protons

c)

different number of neutrons

d)

they are brothers

88.
How many neutrons does the isotope of lithium have?
a)
8
b)
3
c)
4
d)
5
89.
How many protons does this isotope of titanium have?
a)
48
b)
22
c)
26
d)
70
90.
What quantities vary between isotopes of an element?
a)
protons, electrons, and atomic mass
b)
protons, electrons, and atomic number
c)
neutrons and electrons
d)
neutrons and atomic mass
91.
What makes an element radioactive?
a)

When it's nuclei expands

b)

When it's electrons explode

c)

When it's nuclei behave

d)

When it is going through radioactive decay.

92.
When an unstable radioactive atom decays, it usually turns into:
a)

a stable atom

b)

a less stable atom

c)

the exact same atom but with less pure energy

d)

empty space

93.
What is the term used for describing when an element changes into a new element through radioactive decay?
a)
mutation
b)
transmutation
c)
alchemy
94.

The outermost chemical layer of the Earth is called the

a)

Mantle

b)

Lithosphere

c)

core

d)

Asthenosphere

95.

The mechanical layer of the Earth that is represented by the presence of tectonic plates is the

a)

Lithosphere

b)

Crust

c)

Core

d)

Mesosphere

96.

Why radioactive decay plays a significant role in Earth’s internal heat?

a)

Spontaneous nuclear disintegration of radioactive elements produced

thermal energy

b)

Radioactive element can be found anywhere in the planet.

c)

When radioactive element decays, it produces heat.

d)

All of the these.

97.

How much is the approximate terawatts in the flow of heat in Earth’s interior

to its surface?

a)

41 terawatts

b)

43 terawatts

c)

47 terawatts

d)

49 terawatts

98.
What do these isotopes of carbon all have in common?
a)

neutrons & mass number

b)

atomic number and neutrons

c)

atomic number

d)

protons, atomic number, and mass number

99.

What does this picture represent?

a)

atoms

b)

isotopes

c)

radioactive decay

d)

fission

100.

What does this picture represent?

a)

atoms

b)

isotopes

c)

dogs

d)

radioactive decay

101.

What is radioactivity in the mantle responsible for?

a)

convection currents and plate tectonics

b)

life

c)

the atmosphere

d)

dogs

102.

What do the circular arrows in the asthenosphere represent?

a)

pathways

b)

convection currents

c)

lava

d)

convergent

103.

Which subatomic particle does the GREEN( ) circle represent?

a)

proton

b)

neutron

c)

electron

d)

nucleus

104.

Where does Earth's internal heat come from?

a)

The Sun

b)

The pressure in the Earth

c)

Gravity

d)

Heat of Formation and Radioactive decay

105.

A space object spinning is...

a)

Rotation

b)

Revolution

c)

Axis

106.

An imaginary line that a space object spins on is...

a)

Rotation

b)

Revolution

c)

Axis

107.

A space object goes around another object is...

a)

Rotation

b)

Revolution

c)

Axis

108.

What causes moon phases? (SELECT TWO ANSWERS)

a)

The earth's shadow

b)

The moon revolving around the earth

c)

The moon reflects light from the sun

d)

The rotation of the moon

109.

What is the missing phase?

a)
b)
c)
d)
110.

What is the missing phase?

a)
b)
c)
d)
111.

What is the missing phase?

a)
b)
c)
d)
112.

What happens as the moon revolves around the earth?

a)

The shadow gets darker and darker.

b)

The illuminated (lit) side gets lighter and lighter.

c)

The shadow slowly disappears until it's fully lit, then the lit part slowly disappears until it's completely dark.

113.

Can you see the moon during the day?

a)

Yes

b)

No

114.

What moon phase comes after this?

a)
b)
c)
d)
115.

True or False: The moon is always half lit by the sun.

a)

True

b)

False

116.

True or False: We have moon phases because the earth casts a shadow on the moon.

a)

True

b)

False

117.

What is the result of the moon's orbit being tilted?

a)

A lunar eclipse EVERY month

b)

A lunar eclipse every few years

118.

When the lit part of the moon is getting bigger, we call that ...

a)

Waxing

b)

Waning

119.

When the lit part of the moon is getting smaller, we call that ...

a)

Waxing

b)

Waning

120.

A resource that we can use more than once is called a _____ resource.

a)

Renewable

b)

Nonrenewable

c)

Reusable

d)

Recyclable

121.

True or False: It is possible to make more nonrenewable resources in our lifetime.

a)

True

b)

False

122.

What is deforestation?

a)

Cutting down trees in a forest.

b)

Planting new trees on empty land.

c)

Using trees to produce oxygen.

d)

Looking for new types of medicine in a forest.

123.

Which of the following is a renewable resource?

a)

Solar power

b)

Wood from trees

c)

Oil used for gasoline

d)

Coal that powers a factory

124.

Fossil fuels are produced over _____ of years.

a)

Hundreds of millions of years

b)

Thousands of years

c)

hundreds of years

d)

every year

125.

Why are trees considered natural resources?

a)

People use them to make paper, lumber, fuel, and other products.

b)

They provide shade.

c)

They are a source of firewood

d)

They can grow back after they are cut down.

126.
These are all examples of...
a)
renewable resources
b)
nonrenewable resources
c)
fossil fuels
d)
alternative energy
127.
Fossil fuels are all examples of...
a)
renewable energy
b)
nonrenewable energy
c)
clean energy
d)
solar energy
128.
Coal is an example of a fossil fuel because....
a)
it is renewable energy that is mined from the Earth
b)
it is a nonrenewable resource that is replaced easily
c)
it is a nonrenewable resource that is mined from the Earth
d)
it is a clean source of energy
129.
Hydroelectric plants perform which type of energy conversion?
a)
Water to Electricity
b)
Electricity to Water
c)
Wind to Electricity
d)
Wind to Chemical
130.

Any useful material found in nature.

a)

natural resources

b)

alternative

c)

renewable

d)

nonrenewable

131.

How do fossil fuels affect the environment?

a)

Expensive

b)

Leaves fossils at earth's surface

c)

Causes air pollution when burned

d)

Bonds sediment.

132.

Natural Resources/Energy can be classified into..

a)

Renewable and non renewable

b)

Natural and non renewable

c)

Renewable and Natural

d)

All of them

133.
This resource is formed by tiny animals that died in the ocean millions of years ago. Layers of mud pressed down on the dead animals. The mud eventually turned to rock. This rock put a lot of pressure on the dead animals. Rocks around them also heated them up
a)
Oil
b)
Coal
c)
Iron
d)
Renewable resource
134.
What are the 3 main fossil fuels?
a)
Coal, Oil, and Gasoline
b)
Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas
c)
Electricity, Gasoline, Petroleum
d)
Coal, Oil, Non-renewable Resources
135.

Why are some areas of Earth concentrated with minerals while others are not.

a)

some areas of Earth have past or current volcanic activity

b)

minerals can only form near water

c)

some areas of Earth were swamps in the past

d)

the climate is too warm in certain areas

136.

A natural hazard occurs when a natural process...

a)

causes major damage and harms humans.

b)

poses a danger to any part of the earth.

c)

changes the physical features of the earth.

d)

impacts everyday life for humans.

137.

What affects the distribution of metals and minerals on Earth?

a)

Climate- temperate regions

b)

Geological processes, plate tectonics and volcanoes

c)

ancient rainforests and swamps

d)

Biodiversity

138.

What affects the distribution of biodiversity on Earth?

a)

Geological process, plate tectonics and volcanoes

b)

Climate- temperature regions

c)

Ancient rainforests and swamps

d)

dogs

139.

What affects the distribution of fossil fuels on earth?

a)

geological process, plate tectonics and volcanoes

b)

Climate- temperate regions

c)

teachers

d)

Ancient rainforests and swamps

140.

Which type of ecosystem has a better chance of surviving difficulty?

a)

low biodiversity

b)

no biodiversity

c)

high biodiversity

d)

biochemical factors

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