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FPSC Zoology Theory of Evolution & Hormones

Total questions: 115

Worksheet time: 9hrs 58mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which gas was not present in early Earth atmosphere?
a)
Oxygen (O2)
b)
Methane (CH4)
c)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
d)
Water Vapor (H2O)
2.
Nature has a way of causing organisms that inherit advantageous traits to survive and reproduce more successfully than the ones that don't. This process is known as...
a)
natural selection
b)
genetic variation
c)
adaptation
d)
overproduction
3.
A beetle's ability to camouflage (blend in) with a nearby leaf allows it to escape a hungry frog's appetite.
This is an example of an:
a)
overproduction
b)
genetic variation
c)
selection
d)
adaptation
4.
In both the past and the present, humans have selected plants or animals for breeding based on desirable traits. This process is known as...
a)
artificial selection
b)
natural selection
c)
farming
d)
cropping
5.
the process in which populations change over time
a)
artificial selection
b)
natural selection
c)
evolution
d)
mutation
6.
Evolution is the fundamental concept underlying all of biology and is supported by multiple forms of scientific evidence. Which of the following types of evidence supports evolution?
a)
fossil records
b)
molecular biology
c)
comparative embryology
d)
all of these
7.
The human appendix is a __________ structure that suggests that humans evolved from plant-eating ancestors.
a)
homologous
b)
embryonic
c)
essential
d)
vestigial
8.
Through his observations made in the Galapagos Islands, __________ formulated a theory of how species change over time, called natural selection.
a)
Pierre Curie
b)
Charles Darwin
c)
Richard Dawkins
d)
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
9.
The first organisms evolved on Earth around 4 billion years ago.  The fossil record indicates that the first organisms were which of the following?
a)
prokaryotes
b)
mitochondria
c)
plastids
d)
eukaryotes
10.
What did Charles Darwin observe in finch populations of the Galapagos Islands off the coast of South America?
a)
different species on different islands
b)
all species on one of the islands
c)
Identical species on all the islands
d)
the same species as found in South America mainland
11.
Genetic variation can arise from a random change in the DNA of a gene.  The change is called a(n)
a)
mutation
b)
gene flow
c)
gene pool
d)
allele
12.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
13.
Which type of evidence is illustrated in this picture
a)
fossil evidence
b)
molecular
c)
anatomical
d)
embryological
14.
Which best defines homologous structures
a)
structures with same function different ancestors
b)
reduced form of a structure indicating shared ancestry
c)
adapting to surrounding
d)
similar structures inherited from a common ancestor
15.
What book did Darwin write?
a)
Principles of Geology
b)
Essays on the Principles of Populations
c)
On the Origin of Species
d)
Evolution on the Galapagos Islands
16.
According to the law of superposition, the oldest fossils are found 
a)
At the top of the rock layers
b)
Near the bottom of the rock layers
c)
In the middle of the rock layers
d)
Somewhat near the surface
17.
This scientist stated that by using or not using a certain body part, organisms could change in their lifetime and that the trait gained would be passed down to their offspring.
a)
James Hutton
b)
Charles Lyell
c)
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
d)
Thomas Malthus
18.
Charles Darwin called the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment 
a)
diversity.
b)
evolution
c)
adaptation. 
d)
 fitness.
19.
Which of the following is NOT an example of a fossil?
a)
a petrified dinosaur bone
b)
a footprint captured in mud
c)
a seashell found on the beach
d)
an insect stuck in amber
20.
The endosymbiotic theory proposed that eukaryotic cells arose from
a)
Individual prokaryotic cells
b)
Muticellular prokaryotes
c)
Communities formed by prokaryotes
d)
Communities formed by eukaryotes
21.
Miller and Urey experiment attempted to demonstrate
a)
how Earth first formed
b)
Whether DNA or RNA evolved first
c)
Whether organic molecules could have formed before life was present
d)
How the deepest part of Earth formed
22.
The structures shown are_________
a)
homologous
b)
heterologous
c)
analogous
d)
vestigial
23.
Scientists use radioactive decay to measure...
a)
relative time
b)
absolute time
c)
half-lives
d)
time of day
24.
What is survival of the fittest?
a)
It is where the fittest die out and therefore reproduce and pass on their genes
b)
It is where the fittest die out and therefore can't reproduce and pass on their genes
c)
It is where the fittest don't die out and therefore can't reproduce and pass on their genes
d)
It is where the fittest don't die out and therefore reproduce and pass on their genes
25.
being the "fittest" in evolutionary terms always means the biggest, strongest, fastest
a)
True
b)
False
26.
the process in which populations change over time
a)
basketball
b)
natural selection
c)
evolution
d)
mutation
27.
I formed the theory of evolution by natural selection after my research of various species of finches on the Galápagos Islands. Who am I?
a)
Reginald Punnett
b)
Charles Darwin
c)
Mr. St. Louis
d)
Gregor Mendel
28.
Nature has a way of causing organisms that inherit advantageous traits to survive and reproduce more successfully than the ones that don't. This process is known as...
a)
natural selection
b)
genetic variation
c)
adaptation
d)
overproduction
29.
A lion makes more cubs than the Sahara Desert can support (there's not enough prey around), so only a few of the cubs survive to become adults. They live on to reproduce.
Of the four parts of natural selection, which is this an example of?
a)
overproduction
b)
genetic variation
c)
selection
d)
adaptation
30.
Due to a mutation, some jaguars inherit larger jaw sizes than other jaguars within that population and this trait is passed down from parent to offspring. This gives those jaguars an advantage when it comes to hunting down turtles as prey.
Of the four parts of natural selection, which is this an example of?
a)
overproduction
b)
genetic variation
c)
selection
d)
adaptation
31.
Tigers with larger paws hunt deer more easily to survive in an environment where resources are limited. As a result, the tigers with larger paws are “selected” (the larger paws become more common in the next generation of tigers).
Of the four parts of natural selection, which is this an example of?
a)
overproduction
b)
genetic variation
c)
selection
d)
adaptation
32.
A beetle's ability to camouflage (blend in) with a nearby leaf allows it to escape a hungry frog's appetite.
Of the four parts of natural selection, which is this an example of?
a)
overproduction
b)
genetic variation
c)
selection
d)
adaptation
33.
Populations of species which do not adapt to their environment can eventually become...
a)
stronger
b)
humans
c)
extinct
d)
angry
34.
Four present-day realities that some scientists use to support Darwin's theory of evolution?
a)
fossils
DNA
common bone structures
developmental similarities
b)
fossils
DNA
common bone structures
saliva
c)
fossils
common bone structures
plants
developmental similarities
d)
H2O
DNA
common bone structures
developmental similarities
35.
In both the past and the present, humans have selected plants or animals for breeding based on desirable traits. This process is known as...
a)
artificial selection
b)
natural selection
c)
farming
d)
cropping
36.
term used to describe the idea of changing from one kind of organism into another kind of organism
a)
micro-evolution
b)
adaptation
c)
macro-evolution
d)
extinction
37.
term used to describe small gradual changes within a certain kind of organism (speciation)
a)
micro-evolution
b)
adaptation
c)
macro-evolution
d)
extinction
38.
When an organism is completely wiped out of existence, we call it?
a)
extinction
b)
adaptation
c)
evolution
d)
inbreeding
39.
The scientific name for an organism is made from the:
a)
class and family name
b)
genus and species name
c)
domain and kingdom name
d)
kingdom and phylum name
40.
Term given to describe the 2 name naming system is:
a)
dichotmous key
b)
binomial nomenclature
c)
2 scientific names
d)
binomial key
41.
Darwin wrote that organisms with traits that are best suited to the environment will ________________
a)
increase in number
b)
become extinct
42.
Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better suited to the environment survive and reproduce therefore passing down their genes to their offspring? 
a)
Evolution 
b)
Variation 
c)
Adaptation
d)
Natural Selection 
43.
Which species’ DNA is most similar to the DNA of the toothed whale? 
a)
Hippopotamus 
b)
Baleen Whale
c)
Grazing Mammals
d)
Camels
44.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
45.
A remnant or trace of an organism from the past is called a _______.
a)
Ancestor
b)
Skeleton
c)
Fossil
d)
Imprints
46.
Inherited trait that helps an organism survive is a(n) __________.
a)
Fossil
b)
Adaptation
c)
Ancestor
d)
Natural selection
47.
The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?
a)
Fossil A and C are the same age
b)
Fossil B is older than fossil C
c)
Fossils A is older than fossil B
d)
Fossil D is older than fossil C
48.
Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry
a)
vestigial structures
b)
homologous structures
c)
adaptive radiation
d)
fossil
49.
Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?
a)
the wings of a red-tailed hawk
b)
the hind limbs of a house cat
c)
the fins of sharks
d)
the tailbone of a human
50.
What is another name for natural selection?
a)
survival of the smartest
b)
survival of the fastest
c)
survival of the biggest
d)
survival of the fittest
51.
What is the study of organisms at the early stages of development?
a)
DNA studies
b)
embryology 
c)
extinction
d)
fossil record
52.
What is this an example of?
a)
vestigial structures
b)
embryology
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil record
53.
Predict which moth would increase in population
a)
light 
b)
dark
54.
Whose theory included "acquired traits" such as a giraffe needing a long neck so they stretch it over time?
a)
Darwin
b)
Lamarck
55.
Which statement best describes the process of evolution?
a)
Populations can survive in different locations on earth
b)
Environmental conditions limit the number of species on Earth
c)
Populations grow when resources are abundant
d)
The traits of a species can change over time
56.
The goal of every species on earth is 
a)
to survive and reproduce 
b)
divide and conquer 
c)
survive and conquer 
d)
reproduce and die 
57.
During a giraffe’s lifetime, its neck will become longer as it reaches for leaves on taller trees. Which scientist would agree with this idea?
a)
Darwin
b)
Lamarck
58.
In stage one (top row) of these embryos, most of the embryos________
a)
look very similar.
b)
have very different features.
c)
show different stages of development.
d)
have only a tail if they are non-human.
59.
The more similar the stages of embryonic development, the more likely that organisms share ____________
a)
a common ancestor.
b)
embryos.
c)
eggs.
d)
embryology.
60.
Who was the naturalist that traveled the world to study plants and animals?
a)
Albert Einstein
b)
Charles Darwin
c)
Charles Barkley
d)
Isaac Newton
61.
The gradual change in species over time is...
a)
Evolution
b)
Nucleotide 
c)
Adaptation
d)
Natural Selection
62.

What is the theory that states life and the universe cannot have arisen by chance and was designed and created by some intelligent entity.

a)

evolutionary theory

b)

intelligent design

c)

natural selection

d)

artificial selection

63.

What is an example of artificial selection?

a)

Letting dogs choose their own mate

b)

Letting plants pollinate on their own

c)

Crossing a labrador and a poodle to create a labradoodle

64.

1. The process of humans choosing parent organisms to breed for desired characteristics is called

a)

natural selection

b)

Artificial selection

c)

random selection

d)

genetic manipulation

65.

1. Artificial selection has been a big factor in the evolution of:

a)

Dogs

b)

Panda bears

c)

Snakes

d)

Jellyfish

66.

True or False: Thyroid hormones are protein-based

a)

True

b)

False

67.

What is the function of parathyroid hormone?

a)

Raising blood calcium levels

b)

Lowering blood calcium levels

c)

Raising blood glucose levels

d)

Lowering blood glucose levels

68.

What is the function of calcitonin?

a)

Stimulates osteoclasts

b)

Lowers blood calcium levels

c)

Raises blood calcium levels

d)

Stimulates osteoblasts

69.

What hormones do the thymus secrete

a)

TH

b)

thyroxines

c)

thymosins

d)

thymines

70.

What hormone does the adrenal cortex secrete

a)

aldosterone

b)

noepinephrine

c)

cortisol

d)

cortisone

71.

Jet lag is associated with the changes in secretion of a hormone from the

a)

thyroid gland

b)

adrenal gland

c)

pineal gland

d)

pituitary gland

72.

Gland that plays a role in break down of bone

a)

Pituitary gland

b)

thyroid

c)

parathyroid

d)

thymus

73.

Epinephrine and norepinephrine are produced in what structure?

a)

adrenal medulla

b)

adrenal cortex

c)

pineal gland

d)

thyroid gland

74.

Gland that manufactures corticosteroids

a)

kidneys

b)

pancreas

c)

adrenal glands

d)

pineal gland

75.

A second messenger for any water-soluble hormone is

a)

G-protein

b)

ADP

c)

cAMP

d)

Ach

76.

The metabolic rate of most body tissues is controlled by

a)

corticosteroids

b)

growth hormone

c)

parathyroid hormone

d)

thyroid hormone

77.

The hormone melatonin is synthesized by which gland?

a)

thyroid

b)

adrenal gland

c)

pancreas

d)

pineal gland

78.

Organ that is responsible for maintaining blood glucose

a)

pancreas

b)

spleen

c)

liver

d)

kidneys

79.

alpha cells produce

a)

globulins

b)

glucagon

c)

glucose

d)

insulin

80.

Hyperglycemia is

a)

abnormally low glucose levels in the blood

b)

abnormally high glucose levels in the blood

c)

abnormally high insulin levels in the blood

d)

abnormally low insulin levels in the blood

81.

This helps raise blood glucose levels

a)

glucagon

b)

glycerin

c)

glycogen

d)

insulin

82.

This lowers blood glucose levels

a)

insulin

b)

glucagon

c)

glycerine

d)

glycogen

83.

Beta cells produce

a)

globulin

b)

glucagon

c)

glucose

d)

insulin

84.

Takes up roughly 99% of pancreatic volume

a)

Exocrine Pancreas

b)

Endocrine Pancreas

85.

The large gland that has exocrine and endocrine function

a)

pineal gland

b)

kidney

c)

pancreas

d)

adrenal gland

86.

The diabetes where not enough insulin his produced

a)

Type 1

b)

Type 2

87.

The most common diabetes

a)

Type 1

b)

Type 2

88.

The heart produces which hormones in response to elevated blood volume

a)

ANP

b)

BNP

c)

CNP

d)

ADP

89.

"Stress Response"

a)

General exhaustion syndrome

b)

General resistance syndrome

c)

General stress syndrome

d)

General adaptation syndrome

90.

Any condition that threatens homeostasis

a)

resistance

b)

stress

c)

exhaustion

d)

dehydration

91.

Which eicosanoid coordinates cellular activity such as blood clotting and inflammation?

a)

leukotrienes

b)

paracrines

c)

prostaglandins

92.

Hormone secreted in response to decreased blood sodium, blood pressure, or a rise in potassium concentration

a)

cortisol

b)

corticosterone

c)

aldosterone

d)

cortisone

93.

Which eicosanoid coordinates local cellular activities such as inflammation and pain?

a)

paracrines

b)

prostaglandins

c)

leukotrienes

94.

Organ that disappears by young adulthood

a)

thymus

b)

thyroid

c)

pancreas

d)

parathyroid

95.

The most abundant thyroid hormone

a)

T3T_3

b)

T4T_4

96.

Hormone produced by adipose tissue

a)

estradiol

b)

leptin

c)

prolactin

d)

inhibin

97.

The endocrine system works in conjunction with which system the most

a)

nervous

b)

circulatory

98.

Water soluble hormones

a)

Peptide hormones

b)

Lipid hormones

c)

Steroid hormones

99.

The release of one hormone signaling the release of a second hormone

a)

humoral stimuli

b)

hormonal stimuli

c)

neural stimuli

100.

The nervous system directly stimulating hormone release is an example of

a)

Humoral Stimuli

b)

Hormonal Stimuli

c)

Neural Stimuli

101.

Location for receptors of protein-based hormones

a)

cell membrane

b)

inside of the cell

102.

Lipid soluble hormones

a)

peptide hormones

b)

protein based hormones

c)

steroid hormones

103.

Steroid hormones derive from

a)

proteins

b)

calcium

c)

carbohydrates

d)

cholesterol

104.

Lipid Derivatives

a)

tyrosine

b)

eicosanoids

c)

tryptophan

d)

polypeptides

105.

Location for receptors for lipid based hormones

a)

cell membrane

b)

inside of the cell

106.

Blood glucose levels triggering insulin release is an example of

a)

humoral stimuli

b)

hormonal stimuli

c)

neural stimuli

107.

Another name for pituitary gland?

(a)  

108.

The most active form of thyroid hormone

a)

T4T_4

b)

T3T_3

109.

Regulation of prolactin is

a)

Typical

b)

Atypical

110.

Hormone that stimulates iodine uptake for hormone synthesis

a)

GH

b)

TSH

c)

LH

d)

TBG

111.

The outer region of the adrenal cortex that produces aldosterone and mineralocorticoids

a)

zona reticularis

b)

zona fasciculata

c)

zona glomerulosa

112.

Ensures that regulatory hormones reach cells in anterior pituitary before entering general circulation

a)

hypophyseal portal system

b)

pituitary gland

c)

neurohypophysis

d)

adenohyphysis

113.

The middle region of the adrenal cortex that produces glucocorticoids such as cortisol, cortisone, and corticosterone

a)

zona reticularis

b)

zona fasciculata

c)

zona glomerulosa

114.

The inner region of the adrenal cortex that produces small quantities of androgens and stimulate development of pubic hair before puberty

a)

zona reticularis

b)

zona fasciculata

c)

zona glomerulosa

115.

tropic hormones are secreted by

a)

posterior pituitary

b)

anterior pituitary

c)

thyroid

d)

hypothalamus

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