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Protein Synthesis

Total questions: 110

Worksheet time: 2hrs 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following are differences in the structure between RNA and DNA

a)

DNA uses deoxyribose sugar, RNA uses sugar ribose

b)

DNA pairs Adenine with Uracil, RNA pairs Adenine with Thymine

c)

DNA is a double helix, RNA is a single helix

d)

DNA pairs Adenine with Thymine, RNA pairs Adenine with Uracil

2.

Which organelle is the location where protein is made?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

3.

During transcription, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for copying the DNA and brining it out of the nucleus.

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

dRNA

4.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

5.

These building blocks consist of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base.

a)

Ribose

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Gene

d)

Protein

6.

A string of nucleotides that contain the information to make a specific protein

a)

Ribose

b)

Amino Acids

c)

tRNA

d)

Gene

7.

How many amino acids are found on one tRNA?

a)

20

b)

4

c)

1

d)

3

8.

Which of the following is the complementary mRNA sequence to this DNA strand: AACTGAA

a)

UUGACUU

b)

TTGACTT

c)

AACTGAA

d)

AACUGAA

9.
A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base form the building blocks of which organic compound?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
nucleic acids
c)
lipids
d)
proteins
10.
The genetic material of an organism is composed of
a)
lipids
b)
proteins
c)
deoxyribonucleic acids
d)
complex carbohydrates
11.
Which of the following best describes how DNA and RNA are similar?
a)
they both contain A and T
b)
They both have a double helix
c)
They are both composed of 5 different nucleotides
d)
they both have C and G
12.
DNA sequence is ACAGTGC. How would this be coded on mRNA?
a)
TGTCACG
b)
UGUCACG
c)
GUGACAU
d)
CACUGUA
13.
Genetic info flows in one direction. Which best represents this flow?
a)
DNA-protein-RNA
b)
Protein-RNA-DNA
c)
RNA-protein-DNA
d)
DNA-RNA-protein
14.
The main function of tRNA is to...
a)
carry a message that, when translated, forms proteins
b)
form a portion of ribosomes
c)
string together complementary RNA and DNA strands
d)
bring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes
15.
What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?
a)
base
b)
codon
c)
amine
d)
serine
16.
Which phrase best describes translation?
a)
converts mRNA into a polypeptide
b)
catalyzes bonds between amino acids
c)
produces RNA from DNA molecules
d)
recycles tRNA molecules for reuse
17.
Which of the following is the site of transcription?
a)
vacuole
b)
lysosome
c)
nucleus
d)
ribosome
18.
Which of the following is the site of translation?
a)
vacuole
b)
lysosome
c)
nucleus
d)
ribosome
19.
The process to go from DNA to mRNA is _______
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
replication
20.
The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____
a)
transcription
b)
rRNA
c)
replication
d)
translation
21.

Which of the following are differences in the structure between RNA and DNA

a)

DNA uses deoxyribose sugar, RNA uses sugar ribose

b)

DNA pairs Adenine with Uracil, RNA pairs Adenine with Thymine

c)

DNA is a double helix, RNA is a single helix

d)

DNA pairs Adenine with Thymine, RNA pairs Adenine with Uracil

22.

During transcription, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for copying the DNA and brining it out of the nucleus.

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

dRNA

23.

These building blocks consist of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base.

a)

Ribose

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Gene

d)

Protein

24.

A string of nucleotides that contain the information to make a specific protein

a)

Ribose

b)

Amino Acids

c)

tRNA

d)

Gene

25.

During translation, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for delivering amino acids to help make a protein.

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

dRNA

26.

How many amino acids are found on one tRNA?

a)

20

b)

4

c)

1

d)

3

27.
This is the triplet of bases on the end of a tRNA molecule
a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
Protein
28.
The function of ______ is to combine with proteins to form ribosomes.
a)
rRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
mRNA
d)
DNA
29.
What is the three base sequence of mRNA that codes for a single amino acid?
a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
Protein
30.

Proteins are important for all of the following except...

a)

building structures like mucsles

b)

helping the immune system

c)

speeding up reactions

d)

coding for your traits

31.

the codon is on the ​ (a)  

the anti-codon is the ​ (b)  

Choose from the below words
mRNA
tRNA
32.

The mRNA reads CCA: what amino acid will the tRNA be carrying?

33.

The mRNA reads UAG, what will the tRNA carry?

34.
What does Letter C indicate?
a)
Polypeptide Chain
b)
Anticodon
c)
Codon
d)
Amino Acid
35.

The non-protein coding segments of a gene are known as

a)

Exons

b)

Introns

36.

3' end capping is a post-transcriptional modification of mRNA that

a)

Adds a methylated guanine to the 3' end of mRNA

b)

adds adenosine nucleotides to the 3' end of mRNA

c)

removes the introns and joins the exons together

37.

the bond that loosely hold together the nitrogenous bases on each strand of DNA

a)

covalent

b)

ionic

c)

hydrogen

d)

james

38.

Match the following

a)

tRNA

1.

type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome

b)

mRNA

2.

type of RNA that carries instructions from the DNA to the ribosome

c)

rRNA

3.

type of RNA that makes up part of the ribosome

39.

What is a codon?

a)

3-nucleotide sequence on tRNA that attaches to the mRNA sequence

b)

A segment of DNA that codes for a trait

c)

3-nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid

d)

A segment of RNA made from transcribing DNA using RNA Polymerase

40.

A group of 3 bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to a sequence on the mRNA

a)

codon

b)

anticodon

c)

gene

d)

protein

41.

A long chain of amino acids that makes proteins

a)

Polymer

b)

Polysaccharide

c)

Polypeptide

d)

Polyglot

42.

Which is FALSE concerning amino acids?

a)

Amino Acids are the building blocks of proteins

b)

There are 20 different Amino Acids

c)

Amino Acids are linked together by peptide bonds

d)

Amino Acids are delivered to the ribosome by rRNA molecules

43.

​ (a)   is the process in which RNA is synthesized from DNA, and it occurs in the ​ (b)   .

Choose from the below words
Transcription
nucleus
Translation
cytoplasm
44.

​ (a)   is the process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced, and it occurs in a ​ (b)   in the ​ (c)   .

Choose from the below words
Translation
ribosome
cytoplasm
Transcription
nucleus
45.

Transcribe the following sequence: ATTCGGC

a)

AUUCGGC

b)

TAAGCCG

c)

ATTCGGC

d)

UAAGCCG

46.

Use your codon chart or codon wheel to determine the amino acid chain made by this sequence: AUGUUACCA

a)

methionine-leucine-proline

b)

methionine-proline-leucine

c)

leucine-leucine-serine

d)

valine-leucine-STOP

47.
What is DNA replication?
a)
DNA makes exact copies of itself
b)
Copying a segment of DNA to form mRNA
c)
Decoding mRNA into amino acids
48.
What is transcription?
a)
DNA making an exact copy of itself
b)
copying a segment of DNA to form mRNA
c)
decoding mRNA into amino acids
49.
What is translation?
a)
DNA making an exact copy of itself
b)
copying a segment of DNA to form mRNA
c)
decoding mRNA into amino acids
50.
Where does DNA replication and transcription occur in a cell?
a)
nucleus
b)
ribosome
c)
ER
d)
golgi
51.
Where does translation occur in a cell?
a)
nucleus
b)
ribosome
c)
ER
d)
golgi
52.
Replicate this strand of DNA into its complementary strand of DNA:
AATCCGTTA
a)
AATCCGTTA
b)
TTAGGCAAT
c)
UUAGGCAAU
53.
Transcribe the following DNA strand into mRNA: AATCCGTTA
a)
AATCCGTTA
b)
TTAGGCAAT
c)
UUAGGCAAU
54.
Translate the following mRNA strand into amino acids: UUA GGC AAU
a)
PHE-GLY-ASP
b)
LEU-ALA-ASP
c)
LEU-GLY-ASP
55.
What is a mutation?
a)
replication of DNA
b)
forming mRNA
c)
change in DNA
56.
Codon
a)
3 bases on mRNA that codes for amino acids
b)
3 bases on tRNA that base pairs with mRNA
57.
Chain of amino acids that will become a protein
a)
polysaccharide
b)
polypeptide
58.
Protein synthesis happens here
a)
nucleus
b)
mitochondria
c)
ribosomes
59.
Enzyme that attaches nucleotides of DNA during replication
a)
DNA Polymerase
b)
RNA Polymerase
c)
Lactase
d)
Helicase
60.

Which organelle is the location where protein is made?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

61.

During transcription, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for copying the DNA and brining it out of the nucleus.

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

dRNA

62.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

63.

mRNA occurs during this process

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Replication

d)

Delivery

64.

Which of the following is the complementary mRNA sequence to this DNA strand: AACTGAA

a)

UUGACUU

b)

TTGACTT

c)

AACTGAA

d)

AACUGAA

65.
What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?
a)
base
b)
codon
c)
amine
d)
serine
66.
The process to go from DNA to mRNA is _______
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
replication
67.
The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____
a)
transcription
b)
rRNA
c)
replication
d)
translation
68.
Genetic info flows in one direction. Which best represents this flow?
a)
DNA-protein-RNA
b)
Protein-RNA-DNA
c)
RNA-protein-DNA
d)
DNA-RNA-protein
69.
What is the location in the cell for transcription?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
ribosome
d)
mitochondria
70.

In what process is mRNA synthesized?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

DNA Replication

d)

Mitosis

71.

Which organelle contains rRNA and reads the mRNA to synthesize a protein?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

72.

What brings the amino acids to the ribosome to assemble a protein?

a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)

DNA

73.

How many nucleotides code for 1 amino acid?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

74.

What is the location in the cell for translation?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Nucleus

c)

Lysosome

d)

Golgi apparatus

75.

During Transcription, DNA is converted into ____

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

a Protein

76.

During Translation, mRNA is converted into a _______

a)

DNA

b)

Protein

c)

tRNA

d)

rRNA

77.

the tRNA carries an

a)

Amino Acid

b)

Polysaccaride

c)

Lipid

d)

DNA

78.

Many amino acids and put together and folded up to form a ______

a)

Protein

b)

DNA strand

c)

mRNA strand

d)

Carbohydrate

79.

During transcription, DNA is converted in mRNA inside the _______.

a)

Cell Membrane

b)

Ribosome

c)

Nucleus

d)

Cytoplasm

80.

During Translation, mRNA finds a ________ to make a protein.

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Amino Acid

d)

Mitochondria

81.

Which nitrogen base is in the DNA, but is NOT in the mRNA?

a)

Thymine

(T)

b)

Cytosine

(C)

c)

Guanine

(G)

d)

Adenine

(A)

82.

Match the DNA codon ATC to the correct mRNA codon.

a)

UAG

b)

AUC

c)

TAG

d)

UUG

83.

Match the DNA codon GCA to the correct mRNA codon

a)

CCU

b)

GCT

c)

CGU

d)

CGA

84.

Match the mRNA codon UUA to the correct tRNA anti-codon

a)

AAT

b)

AAU

c)

AUA

d)

ATA

85.

Use your codon chart to match the mRNA CUU to the correct amino acid

a)

VAL

b)

TYR

c)

LEU

d)

PHE

86.

Use your codon chart to match the mRNA ACU to the correct amino acid.

a)

Thr

b)

Ala

c)

Val

d)

Gly

87.

Amino Acids are built up to make_______

a)

DNA

b)

mRNA

c)

Lipids

d)

Proteins

88.

Amino acids form a polypeptide chain that is then folded up to form a protein, what type of bond holds together a polypeptide chain?

a)

Hydrogen Bonds

b)

Polypeptide Bonds

c)

Nitrogen Bonds

d)

Carbon Bonds

89.

Use your codon chart to find the amino acid that codes for AGU

a)

Tyr

b)

Gly

c)

Arg

d)

Ser

90.

Use your codon chart to find the amino acid that codes for the mRNA codon GCA

a)

Thr

b)

Ala

c)

Pro

d)

Ser

91.

Use your codon chart and find the amino acid that codes for the mRNA codon UAA

a)

Phe

b)

Tyr

c)

START

d)

STOP

92.

Ribosomes make ________

a)

DNA

b)

Proteins

c)

Amino Acids

d)

Lipids

93.

Use your codon chart to figure out what amino acid codes for the mRNA codon AUG

a)

START

(Met)

b)

Ile

c)

Val

d)

Leu

94.

Amino Acids form a __________ ____ that is then folded into a protein

a)

Polypeptide Chain

b)

Protein Chain

c)

Carbohydrate

d)

Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid

95.

What is protein synthesis?

a)

the taking apart of proteins

b)

the making of proteins

c)

the making of RNA

d)

the making of DNA

96.

In RNA, A matches with

a)

U

b)

T

c)

G

d)

C

97.

In a RNA strand Thymine is replaced with?

a)

Cytosine

b)

Gunine

c)

Uracil

d)

It's not replaced

98.

Only a portion of DNA, called a gene, is copied into RNA at one time.

a)

True

b)

False

99.

After the mRNA is formed, what happens?

a)

It moves out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm.

b)

It binds permanently with DNA molecule.

c)

It disassembles and the process repeats.

d)

It moves out of the nucleus and then out of the cell.

100.

What is the copying of mRNA from DNA called?

a)

translation

b)

transcription

101.

What is the job of mRNA?

a)

To take the code out of the nucleus

b)

To unzip the DNA so it can replicate

c)

To carry the amino acid to the ribosome

102.

How is mRNA read?

a)

Three bases at a time.

b)

A complete strand at a time.

c)

Three strands at a time.

d)

One base at a time.

103.

The 3 bases on mRNA is called a

a)

codon

b)

anti-codon

104.

Why is tRNA called Transfer RNA?

a)

Because it is responsible for transferring the protein out of the cell.

b)

Because it is responsible for transferring the protein building instructions to the ribosome.

c)

Because it is responsible for transferring the right amino acid to the ribosome to create the protein.

105.

Which of the following are types of RNA?

a)

transfer RNA

b)

ribosomal RNA

c)

messenger RNA

d)

All of the above

106.

What does the anticodon on the tRNA match up with?

a)

the codon on the rRNA

b)

the codon on the mRNA

c)

the codon on the DNA

107.

What cell part "reads" the mRNA?

a)

tRNA

b)

nucleus

c)

ribosome

d)

cytoplasm

108.

The process of tRNA "reading" mRNA to produce an amino acid chain (protein) is called

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

109.

Pick the correct statement

a)

The anticodon on mRNA matches up to the codon on tRNA

b)

The anticodon on tRNA matches up to the codon on mRNA

110.

When does the protein stop growing in length?

a)

when the mRNA sends a signal to stop

b)

when a stop codon is reached

c)

When the tRNA signals for it to stop

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