Negatively charged particle that occupies space around an atom's nucleus

Type of chemical bond formed when atoms share electrons.

Homogeneous mixture formed when a substance is dissolved in another substance.

Large molecule formed from smaller repeating units of identical, nearly identical, compounds linked by covalent bonds.

Positively charged particles in an atom's nucleus.

Hydrophobic biological molecule composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen.

Testable explanation of a situation.

Atom that is negatively or positively charged because it has gained or lost one or more electrons.

Substance that releases hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water.

Carbon compound joined by peptide bonds.

Two or more atoms of the same element having different numbers of neutrons.

Electrical attraction between two oppositely charged atoms or groups of atoms.

Mixture that can react with an acid or a base to maintain the pH within a specific range.

Center of an atom.

Substance dissolved in a solvent.

Compound whose atoms are held together by covalent bonds.

Particle without a charge in the atom's nucleus.

Pure substance composed of only one type of atom.

Pure substances with unique properties.

A subunit of nucleic acid formed from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and nitrogenous base.

Measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H-) in a solution.

Substance that exists before a chemical reaction.

Minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products in a chemical reaction.

Molecule with oppositely charged regions.

Organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of 1:2:1.

Energy - requiring process by which atoms or groups of atoms in substances are changed into different substances.

Protien that speeds up a biological reaction by lowering that activation energy needed to start the reaction.

Substance that releases hydrogen ions (H-) when dissolved in water.

Reactants to which an enzyme binds.

Can have a uniform composition or have a distinct areas of substances.

Complex macromolecule that store and communicates genetic information.

Organic compound made of amino acids joined by peptide bonds.

Large Molecule formed by joining smaller organic molecules together.

Substance in which another substance is being dissolved.

Weak electrostatic bond formed by the attraction of opposite charges between a hydrogen atom and an oxygen, fluorine or nitrogen atom.

Attractive forces between molecules.

Specific place where a substance binds on an enzyme.

Substance that speeds up a chemical reaction by reducing the activation energy.

Substance formed from a chemical reaction.

Reaction that releases energy in the form of heat.

The particles in this type of solution settle out after a while.

A reaction that absorbs heat energy

A heterogeneous mixture in which the particles do not settle out.

Molecules that are covalently bonded that do not have a difference in charge across the molecule.

Outline specific guidelines that must be followed during an experiment to prioritize the well-being of participants and the environment.

Gathering data based on controlled investigations.

Describes the relationship under certain conditions in nature.

The process of gathering data based on observations.

A process by which the procedures and results of an experiment are evaluated by other scientists who are in the same field or who are conducting the same research.

Evaluating an explanation using reasoning to draw conclusions.

Verifying explanations by using experience or by using investigations and collecting data.

The use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well the knowledge generated through this process.

The process of combining what you know with what you have learned to draw logical conclusions.

A testable explanation of a situation or phenomena.

An explanation of a natural phenomenon supported by many observations and experiments over time.

nonliving part of an organism’s environment, such as soil, wind, moisture, light, temperature, and available nutrients

one species benefits and the other species is neither harmed nor does it benefit

permanent, close association between two or more organisms of different species

the act of one organism consuming another for food

living organisms that inhabit an environment

A model that shows all the possible feeding relationships at each trophic level

the total weight of living matter at a certain trophic level

is an organism that captures energy from sunlight or inorganic substances to produce food

A heterotroph that consumes only plants

an organism that obtains energy by consuming other organisms

a chemical substance that an organism must obtain from its environment to sustain life and to undergo life processes

a process in which some soil bacteria convert fixed nitrogen compounds back into nitrogen gas, which returns to the atmosphere

the exchange of matter through the biosphere, which involves living organisms, geological processes, and chemical processes

the conversion of nitrogen gas to ammonium

anything that takes up space and has mass

Heterotroph that consumes both plants and animals

Physical area in which an organism lives.

Each step in a food chain or food web

Group of organisms of the same species that occupy the same geographic place at the same time.

Heterotroph that preys upon other heterotrophs

Symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of another organism.

Model that shows many interconnected food chains and pathways in which energy and matter flow through an ecosystem.

Organism's ability to survive biotic and abiotic factors.

Large group of ecosystems that share the same climate and have similar types of communities

Heterotroph that consumes both plants and animals.

Symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit.

All the interacting populations of different species that live in the same geographic location at the same time.

Biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the number, distribution, or reproduction of a population within a community.

Scientific study of all the interrelationships between organisms and their environment.

Biological community and all the nonliving factors that affect it.

Role, or position, of an organism in its environment.

Relatively thin layer of Earth and its atmosphere that supports life.

In a biological community, the number and abundance of different species.

    A large-scale dying out of a large percentage of all living organisms in an area within a short time.

Technique using living organisms to detoxify a polluted area.

Variety of inheritable characteristics or genes in an interbreeding population.

Any different environmental condition occurring along an ecosystem’s boundaries.

Use of resources at a rate that they can be replaced or recycled.

Variety of ecosystems in the biosphere.

Water pollution from nitrogen-rich and phosphorous-rich substances flowing into waterways, causing algal overgrowth.

Any natural resource available in limited amounts or replaced extremely slowly by natural processes.

The disappearance of a species when the last of its members dies.

Overuse of species with economic value-a factor in species extinction. 

Any resource replaced by natural process more quickly than it is consumed.

Number of different species living in a specific area.

Found only in specific geographic area.

Increasing concentration of toxic substances, such as DDT, in organisms as trophic levels increase in food chains or food webs.

Gradual process of a species becoming extinct.

Nonnative species that can significantly modify or disrupt habitat.

Any material or organism in the biosphere, including water, soil, fuel, and plants and animals.