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Fall Final Exam Review

Total questions: 110

Worksheet time: 1hrs 23mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Match the following

a)
1.

Protein

b)
2.

Nucleic acid

c)
3.

Carbohydrate

d)
4.

Lipid

2.

Match the following functions to the biomolecule

a)

Act as hormones

1.

Lipid

b)

Build muscle

2.

Protein

c)

Carry genetic information

3.

Nucleic acid

d)

Energy source (cellular respiration)

4.

Carbohydrate

3.

Which organic molecule would a long-distance runner most likely choose to eat two hours before a race?

a)

A protein, because it builds muscle mass.

b)

A lipid because it provides long term energy storage.

c)

A carbohydrate because it releases energy quickly.

d)

A protein, because it transports oxygen into the blood stream.

4.

What is the function of nucleic acids?

a)

Perform cell's functions/tasks

b)

Fast energy

c)

Energy storage

d)

Alter other biomolecules

e)

Store information for cells

5.

What is the function of lipids?

a)

Perform cell's functions/tasks

b)

Fast energy

c)

Energy storage

d)

Alter other biomolecules

e)

Store information for cells

6.
What biomolecule do enzymes belong to? 
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Lipid
c)
Nucleic Acid
d)
Protein
7.
One of the building blocks of lipids, the triglyceride, is composed of
a)
3 Fatty Acids and 3 Glycerol
b)
1 Fatty Acid and 3 Glycerol
c)
3 Fatty Acids and 1 Glycerol
d)
1 Fatty Acid and 3 Glycerol
8.
Letter D...
a)

Active site

b)

Enzyme

c)

Substrate

d)

Products

9.

Enzymes catalyze reactions by ___________ activation Energy.

a)
Increasing
b)
Decreasing
10.

Letter "A" represents the ___________

a)

Prokaryote

b)

Active site

c)

Product

d)

Substrate

11.

Enzymes can be affect by: (select all that apply)

a)

Temperate

b)

Isotonic solution

c)

pH

d)

Amount of substrate (concentration)

12.

Letter "E" represent the __________

a)

Phospholipids

b)

Active site

c)

Products

d)

Enzyme

13.

Categorize the options into the right categories

Categorize the following
Fatty Acids

Monosacharride
Glucose

Amino Acids
Genetic information
Nucleotides
Catalyze chemical reactions in cells.
Long term energy storage

CARBOHYDRATES
LIPIDS
PROTEINS
NUCLEIC ACID
14.

Match the biomolecule to its corresponding monomer

a)

Carbohydrate

1.

Monosaccharide

b)

Lipid

2.

Glycerol & Fatty Acids

c)

Proteins

3.

Amino Acids

d)

Nucleic Acids

4.

Nucleotide

15.

Match the monomer to its corresponding polymer

a)

Glycerol & Fatty Acids

1.

Triglyceride

b)

Nucleotide

2.

DNA/RNA

c)

Monosaccharide

3.

Polysaccharide

d)

Amino Acids

4.

Polypeptide

16.

Match the following

a)

Simple Diffusion

1.

When molecules passively cross the plasma membrane through the phospholipid bilayer

b)

Facilitated Diffusion

2.

When molecules passively cross the plasma membrane through a channel protein

c)

Osmosis

3.

The movement of water across the cell membrane

d)

Endocytosis

4.

Bringing in large materials through the cell membrane into a vacuole.

e)

Exocytosis

5.

Moving larger amounts or large quantities of materials through the cell membrane

17.

Passive transport ​ (a)   require energy because it moves ​ (b)   the concentration gradient, from ​ (c)   .

Choose from the below words
does NOT
does
with
against
high to low
low to high
18.

What is the correct description of the transport in the image?

a)

small molecules crossing the lipid bilayer (diffusion)

b)

large molecules crossing through a protein (facilitated diffusion)

c)

many molecules coming into the cell using a membrane vesicle (endocytosis)

d)

many molecules coming out of the cell using a vesicle to fuse with the membrane (exocytosis)

19.

Organize these options into the right type of transport:

Categorize the following

does NOT require energy

requires energy

molecules move WITH the gradient

molecules move AGAINST the gradient

molecules move from high concentration to low

molecules move from low concentration to high

Passive Transport
Active Transport
20.

What happens during osmosis?

a)
Transfer of energy from one place to another
b)

Movement of small molecules from high concentration to low concentration

c)

Movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration

d)
Process of breaking down food into simpler substances
21.

Identify the following structure

a)

Phospholipid

b)

Cell

c)

Cell membrane

d)

Protein

22.
Movement of particles from high to low concentration. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
23.
Osmosis is a form of ______________. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
24.

Which correctly points to the part of the image that is hydrophobic?

a)

A

b)

B

25.

Which is a picture of a phospholipid bilayer?

a)
b)
c)
26.

Which image best represents facilitated diffusion?

a)
b)
c)
d)
27.
Active Transport typically uses ______ to transport materials across the cell membrane.
a)
ATP
b)
Glucose
c)
Na+
d)
K+
28.
When the concentration of particles inside of a cell is the same as the concentration of particles outside of the cell. 
a)
active transport
b)
concentration
c)
diffusion
d)
equilibrium
29.

Determine the tonicity

Categorize the following
Hypotonic
Isotonic
Hypertonic
30.

Organize these options into the right categories

Determine the Tonicity

(Each has 1 picture answer and 3 discrilptions)

Categorize the following

Cells are in an environment in which solute concentration is high

Cells are in an environment in which solute concentration is low

Cells are in an environment in which solute concentration is the same inside/outside the cell

Water diffuses out of the cell

Water diffuses into the cell

Water diffuses into and out of the cell

Cell shrink / shrivel

Cell swell and can burst (lyse)

Cell is at normal functional size

Hypertonic Solution
Hypotonic Solution
Isotonic Solution
31.

Match the following

a)

1.

Hypertonic

b)

2.

Hypotonic

c)

3.

Isotonic

d)

4.

Osmosis

e)

5.

Diffusion

32.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
33.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
34.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
35.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
36.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
37.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
38.
The enzyme that unzips the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
39.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
40.

Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides during DNA replication ("The Builder")?

a)
Topoisomerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
41.

The picture below shows the steps of DNA replication beginning with step one and ending with step three.


​Because you are reusing the old, or parent, DNA strand DNA replication is said to be

a)

Semi- Conservative

b)

Semi-discontinuous

c)

Continuous

d)

Fully-Conserveative

42.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
43.

DNA strand has the following bases AAGCCA what are the bases on the complementary strand (DNA Replication)

a)

GGCTTA

b)

TTGGGA

c)

CCAGGT

d)

TTCGGT

44.

Reorder the following

a)

DNA is unzipped

b)

Primase marks region to begin replication

c)

Polymerase builds complimentary DNA strand

d)

Ligase bonds DNA fragments

1)
2)
3)
4)
45.
During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell spend the most time?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
Interphase
46.
During which part of the cell cycle does the cell divide?
a)
Interphase
b)
Mitosis
c)
S phase
47.
During which part of the cell cycle is DNA copied?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
S phase
48.

Uncontrolled cell division which usually leads to tumors and disease is called:

a)

Metaphase

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Cancer

d)

Diabetes

49.
Put the following stages of mitosis in order: anaphase, prophase, metaphase, and telophase. 
a)
prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase
b)
prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
c)
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
d)
prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase
50.
Put the following stages of the cell cycle in order: G2, S, G1, M. 
a)
G1, S, G2, M
b)
S, G1, G2, M
c)
G1, M, G2, S
d)
M, G1, S, G2
51.

What is the purpose the the cell cycle checkpoints?

a)

To repair damaged cells before they enter cell division.

b)

To remove damaged cells from an organism.

52.
In mitosis, the two resulting cells are
a)
different from the starting cell and identical to each other.
b)
different from the starting cell and different from each other.
c)
identical to the starting cell and different from each other.
d)
identical to the starting cell and identical to each other.
53.
What is the purpose of the cell cycle?
a)
To create new daughter cells
b)
To prevent cancer from developing
c)
To help the body fight viruses and bacteria
54.

What threadlike structures rip chromatids apart and pull them back to the centrioles?

a)

Spindle Fibers

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Zygotes

d)

Centromeres

55.
The middle part that holds the two chromatids together is called the
a)
Chromatin
b)
Centriole
c)
Centromere
d)
Nucleus
56.

The result of mitosis is ​ (a)   , ​ (b)   cells.

Choose from the below words

two

one

identical

four

similar

different

57.

Using your knowledge of mitosis, reorder the pictures of the phases below into the correct order.

The first step should be on the left side, with the last step being on the right side.

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
58.

Which of the following is true for both bacteria and viruses?

a)

both contain genetic material

b)

can be killed using antibiotics

c)

have a cell membrane

d)

have a protein coat

59.

Which statement is true about viruses?

a)

Viruses can eat and metabolize food.

b)

Viruses can reproduce only using a host cell.

c)

Viruses can reproduce on their own at any time.

d)

Viruses contain DNA, so they are alive.

60.

The use of what modern technology has cause the rise in resistant bacteria

a)

vaccines

b)

antibiotics

c)

fertilizers

d)

solar panels

61.

One important way to control the spread of viruses in through

a)

the use of vaccines

b)

drinking a lot of tea

c)

the use of other types of bacteria

d)

the use of antibiotics

62.

Which of these is characteristic of both viruses and bacteria?

a)

They get their energy from their environment.

b)

They can reproduce on their own.

c)

They can form crystals and become dormant.

d)

They contain proteins and nucleic acids.

63.

A bacterium reproduces asexually by dividing to form two new bacterial cells. What is the name of the process by which bacteria reproduce?

a)

meiosis

b)

mitosis

c)

budding

d)

binary fission

64.
What process is this?
a)
phagocytosis
b)
lytic cycle
c)
lysogenic cycle
d)
formation of antibodies
65.

Which viral life cycle kills its host cell by lysing (bursting)?

a)

Lysogenic Cycle

b)

Lytic Cycle

c)

Binary Fission

d)

Conjugation

66.

When a virus attaches to a host, what does it inject into the host

a)

protein coat

b)

Capsid

c)

DNA/ RNA

d)

Envelope

67.

What is a host?

a)

An organism that eats another organism

b)

An organism or a cell that the virus needs to reproduce in

c)

Something that causes harm to the cell

d)

The person that greats you at a resturant

68.

What is the name of this virus

a)

Capsule

b)

Helical

c)

Bacteriophage

d)

Teva (my dog)

69.

A capsid is...

a)

the protein surrounding a virus.

b)

the protein surrounding a bacteria.

c)

the same as a capsule.

d)

None of the other answers are correct.

70.

A disease causing microorganism

a)

Pathogen

b)

Mutation

c)

Antibody

71.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
72.
Normal-
GAG-CTC-GAC-AGA
Mutant
GAG CTC-CAC-AGA
a)
no mutation
b)
substitution
c)
insertion
d)
deletion
73.
What are the three types of mutation? 
a)
Insertion, Deletion, Subsitution
b)
Deletion, Newstion, Subsitution 
c)
Newstion, Deletion, Insertion 
d)
Insertion, Newstion, Substitution 
74.
Original: ATC CAT
Mutation: ATC GCAT
What mutation occurred?
a)
deletion
b)
insertion
c)
silent
d)
transverse
75.
What type of chromosomal mutation is this?
a)
Inversion
b)
Translocation
c)
Deletion
d)
Duplication
76.
What type of chromosomal mutation is this?
a)
Translocation
b)
Inversion
c)
Deletion
d)
Duplication
77.
Any change in the sequence of DNA is...
a)
transgenic shift
b)
Single Genotype
c)
Monohybrid Trait
d)
Mutation
78.

A ______ is a section of DNA that codes for a trait.

a)

gene

b)

genotype

c)

phenotype

d)

gender

79.

The chromosomal mutation shown in the image is a

a)

deletion

b)

duplication

c)

inversion

d)

translocation

80.

What is true of RNA? (select all that apply)

a)

Single Strand

b)

Contains uracil

c)

Ribose Sugar

d)

Deoxyribose Sugar

81.
The process where DNA is transcribed to mRNA happens in what part of the cell?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
82.

Which of the following is the complementary mRNA sequence to this DNA strand: AACTGAA

a)

UUGACUU

b)

TTGACTT

c)

AACTGAA

d)

AACUGAA

83.
Genetic info flows in one direction. Which best represents this flow?
a)
DNA-protein-RNA
b)
Protein-RNA-DNA
c)
RNA-protein-DNA
d)
DNA-RNA-protein
84.

What is the location in the cell for translation?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Nucleus

c)

Lysosome

d)

Golgi apparatus

85.

Match the following terms...

a)

codon

1.

mRNA

b)

anticodon

2.

tRNA

c)

protein synthesis

3.

to make more proteins

86.

In Protein Synthesis,

​ ​ (a)   happens first.

​ (b)   happens last.

Choose from the below words
Transcription
Translation
87.

Match the following

a)

mRNA

1.

a message made from DNA

b)

tRNA

2.

carries an amino acid

c)

rRNA

3.

the ribsome where proteins are made

88.

Label this image:

1= ​ (a)  

2= ​ (b)  

4= ​ (c)  

7= ​ (d)  

Choose from the below words
DNA
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA (ribosome)
89.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:

AUG-GAC-UAG

(a)  

90.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:

AGG-UUC-CUG

Write your answer like this: ___-___-___

(a)  

91.

What is the amino acid sequence for the following mRNA strand:

CCA-GAG-UAG

Write your answer like this: ___-___-___

(a)  

92.
The end of meiosis results in  ____ to each other.
a)
2 cells that are identical
b)
4 cells that are identical
c)
2 cells that are not identical
d)
4 cells that are not identical
93.
This image shows chromosomes during Prophase 1. Which of the following correctly describes the process shown?
a)

segregation of sister chromatids

b)

condensation and segregation of alleles

c)

mutationin which the DNA content of the gene is altered

d)

crossing - over in which genes are exchanged

94.

In mitosis the ​ (a)   daughter cells that are created are ​ (b)   . In meiosis the ​ (c)   daughter cells that are created are ​ (d)  

Choose from the below words
two
diploid
four
haploid
95.

Select the image that represents meiosis:

a)
b)
96.

The --------------------- cells undergo Mitosis while the --------- undergo Meiosis

a)

(A) Somatic or body ; Gametes

b)

(B) Gametes; Somatic or body cells

c)

(C) Gametes; Gametes

d)

(D) Somatic or Body cells; Somatic or Body cells

97.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
98.

Match the following combinations of alleles:

a)

Homozygous dominant

1.

DD

b)

Homozygous recessive

2.

dd

c)

Heterozygous

3.

Dd

99.
The genotypic percentage resulting from this this cross would be _____________________.
a)
25% blue eye 75 % brown eye 
b)
BB = 25% Bb = 50% bb = 25%
c)
BB= 50 % bb = 50%
d)
All brown eye
100.
What term describes what you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
101.
Two heterozygous parents produce offspring. What is the probability of the HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT GENOTYPE appearing in the offspring generation?
a)
75%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
102.

Which of the choices is homozygous dominant?

a)

BB

b)

Bb

c)

bb

103.

Which of the choices is homozygous recessive?

a)

BB

b)

Bb

c)

bb

104.

Who studied different characteristics of pea plants by cross-pollinating plants?

a)

Gregor Mendel

b)

Albert Punnett

c)

Sir Isaac Newton

d)

David Kuster

105.

What is the genotypic ratio of the offspring?

a)

3:1

b)

1:3

c)

1:2:1

d)

2:2

106.

The image shown depicts a point mutation. Which of the following categories best describes this mutation?

a)

Missense

b)

Nonsense

c)

Silent

d)

Neutral

107.

A substitution mutation that has no effect

on an amino acid's sequence would be best categorized as:

a)

Insertion Mutation

b)

Translocation

c)

Silent Mutation

d)

Deletion Mutation

108.

Which mutation is likely to have the most severe impact on the protein it codes for?

a)

Silent mutation

b)

Missense mutation

c)

Nonsense mutation

d)

Frameshift mutation

109.
In the diagram, what is letter A? 
a)
product
b)
substrate
c)
enzyme-substrate complex
d)
active site
110.
Based on the graph, what is the optimal temperature for this enzyme? 
a)
15oC
b)
40oC
c)
30oC
d)
35oC

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