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A&P Section D exam review

Total questions: 136

Worksheet time: 2hrs 46mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The process of stopping bleeding: vasoconstriction, platelet plug formation, blood clot formation
a)
hemostasis
b)
hemocytoblast
c)
hemopoeisis
2.
A type of blood clot formed within a blood vessel and remains attached to its place of origin.
a)
embolus
b)
thrombus
c)
platelet plug
3.
A type of clot that breaks lose and travels through the bloodstream. (dangerous!)
a)
thrombus
b)
platelet plug
c)
embolus
4.
A structure that forms when platelets stick together at the site of an injury in a blood vessel to reduce or stop minor bleeding.
a)

embolus dam

b)

thrombus plug

c)

platelet dam

d)
platelet plug
5.
A structure that forms on top of a platelet plug to provide a more stable "bandage". This allows tissue repair to occur. It is made of fibrin which acts as a net to trap other formed elements.
a)
blood clot
b)

embolus

c)

platelet cork

6.

BLOOD VESSELS that carry blood AWAY from heart

a)
veins
b)
arteries
7.

BLOOD VESSELS that carry blood back toward the heart

a)
arteries
b)
arterioles
c)
veins
8.
BLOOD VESSELS that allow for gas (O₂/ CO₂) and nutrient exchange.
a)
arteries
b)
arterioles
c)
veins
d)
capillaries
9.
TYPE of blood flow that cycles to the body tissues; allows for oxygen to be distributed to all the cells of the body.
a)
systemic circulation
b)
pulmonary circulation
10.
TYPE of blood flow that cycles from the right ventricle to the lungs and back to the left atrium
a)
systemic circulation
b)
pulmonary circulation
11.
Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart from lungs *but* they carry *OXYGENATED* blood.
a)
PULMONARY arteries
b)
aorta
c)
PULMONARY veins
d)
vena cava
12.
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart *but* they carry *DEOXYGENATED* blood.
a)
aorta
b)
PULMONARY veins
c)
vena cava
d)
PULMONARY arteries
13.
They send action potentials to the cells in the ventricles, causing them to contract.
a)
Atrioventricular (AV) node
b)
Sinoatrial (SA) Node
c)
Bundle of His
d)
Purkinje fibers
14.
Part of the cardiac cycle where Ventricles relax: Semilunar valves shut to prevent backflow. Blood flows into ventricles from atria due to drop in pressure.
a)
diastole phase
b)
systole phase
15.
Part of the cardiac cycle where Ventricles contract: Blood pumps out of ventricles, AV valves shut to prevent backflow.
a)
diastole phase
b)
systole phase
16.
the transitional vessels between arteries and capillaries.
a)
ventricles
b)
Venules
c)
Arterioles
17.
the transitional vessels between veins and capillaries.
a)
Venules
b)
arteries
c)
Arterioles
18.
Largest artery in the body that carries blood from left ventricle to the rest of the body
a)
aorta
b)
vena cava
c)
PULMONARY veins
d)
PULMONARY arteries
19.
Receiving chambers of the heart; found in upper half of heart
a)
ventricles
b)
atria
20.
Lower chambers of the heart that are larger and more muscular in order to pump blood out of the heart
a)
septum
b)
atria
c)
ventricles
21.
One of two large vessels (superior and inferior) that return deoxygenated blood to the right atrium of the heart.
a)
PULMONARY veins
b)
PULMONARY arteries
c)
aorta
d)
vena cava
22.

If the papillary muscles fail to contract,

a)

Blood will not enter the atria, causing a heart attack

b)

The ventricles will not pump blood, causing edema

c)

The AV valves will not close properly, backflow of blood into atria occurs

d)

The aortic and pulmonary valves will not open

23.

Which part of the heart receives blood?

a)

Atria

b)

Aorta

c)

Ventricles

d)

Pulmonary Artery

24.

Which type of blood vessels carry blood toward the heart?

a)

Arteries

b)

Venules

c)

Arterioles

d)

Capillaries

25.

Which blood vessels are small and thin enough to allow for the diffusion of gases and nutrients into and out of circulation?

a)

Capillaries

b)

Venules

c)

Arterioles

d)

Veins

26.

What side of the heart carries deoxygenated blood?

a)

Left

b)

Right

c)

Both sides of the heart carry deoxygenated blood

d)

Neither; blood is always oxygenated when it travels through the heart.

27.

Identify the structure labeled at 1

a)

Pulmonary Vein

b)

Superior Vena Cava

c)

Inferior Vena Cava

d)

Pulmonary Artery

28.

Identify the structure at 5

a)

Aorta

b)

Pulmonary Artery

c)

Superior Vena Cava

d)

Pulmonary Vein

29.

Identify the structure at 8

a)

Pulmonary Artery

b)

Pulmonary Vein

c)

Inferior Vena Cava

d)

Aora

30.

Identify the structure at 4

a)

Superior Vena Cava

b)

Pulmonary Artery

c)

Inferior Vena Cava

d)

Pulmonary Vein

31.

Identify the structure at 6

a)

Superior Vena Cava

b)

Aorta

c)

Pulmonary Vein

d)

Pulmonary Artery

32.

Identify the most muscular chamber of the heart that pumps oxygenated blood into systemic circulation.

a)

2

b)

3

c)

6

d)

9

33.

What is the name of the valve between chambers 7 and 9?

a)

Pulmonary Valve

b)

atrioventricular valve

c)

semilunar valve

d)

tricuspid

34.

Which number represents the right atrium?

a)

3

b)

2

c)

6

d)

9

35.

Which location of the heart is associated with the presence of oxygenated blood?

a)

4

b)

8

c)

6

d)

2

36.

Choose the correct sequence of blood flow

a)

L. Atrium, Pulmonary Vein, R. Atrium, Aorta

b)

R. Atrium, Pulmonary Vein, Aorta, Vena Cava

c)

R. Ventricle, R. Atrium, Pulmonary Artery, Aorta

d)

L. Ventricle, Vena Cava, L. Atrium, Aorta

37.

__________ Must be strong and elastic in order to withstand higher blood pressure leaving the heart's ventricles.

a)

Arteries

b)

Capillaries

c)

Veins

d)

Venules

38.

Which respiratory structure comes in direct contact with the circulatory system as Carbon Dioxide gas diffuses out of the body and Oxygen diffuses in?

a)

diaphragm

b)

bronchioles

c)

Alveoli

d)

bronchi

39.
a)

common carotid artery

b)

subclavian artery

c)

brachial artery

d)

jugular artery

40.
a)

brachial vein

b)

ulnar vein

c)

cephalic vein

d)

radial vein

41.
a)

axillary vein

b)

cephalic vein

c)

brachial vein

d)

subclavian vein

42.
a)

jugular vein

b)

axillary vein

c)

iliac vein

d)

radial vein

43.
a)

inferior vena cava

b)

superior vena cava

c)

renal vein

d)

popliteal vein

44.
Mike has type O+ blood. Mike is a Universal Recipient.
a)
True
b)
False
45.
Mike has type O+ blood. Mike can donate blood to someone who is type AB-.
a)
True
b)
False
46.
Mike has type O+ blood. Mike can receive blood from someone who has Type A or Type B.
a)
True
b)
False
47.
Someone with type A blood can receive blood from someone who is type AB.
a)
True
b)
False
48.
Jim has type AB+ blood. His dad could be type O+.
a)
True
b)
False
49.
Mike has type O+ blood. Mike has A,B and Rh antibodies.
a)
True
b)
False
50.
Someone who has Type O blood has what for antibodies (clumping proteins)?
a)
No antibodies
b)
A antibodies
c)
B antibodies
d)
A and B antibodies
51.
Universal blood donors have type ______ blood.
a)
A
b)
AB
c)
B
d)
O
52.
The rH factor determines what part of the blood type?
a)
+ or -
b)
the number of antigens
c)
the number of antibodies
d)
aggulation
53.
The liquid portion of the blood is referred to as:
a)
Plasma
b)
Erythrocytes
c)
Water
d)
Leukocytes
54.
Which part of the blood is responsible for forming blood clots?
a)
Erythrocytes
b)
Leukocytes
c)
Platelets
d)
Plasma
55.
What blood type has the Rh Antigen, the A Antigen, and the B Antigen?
a)
O-
b)
A+
c)
AB- 
d)
AB+
56.
What blood type has no antigens?
a)
O+
b)
O-
c)
AB+
d)
AB-
57.
What types of blood can a person with AB- RECEIVE?
a)
All types
b)
AB-, A-, B-, O-
c)
AB- and AB+
d)
AB+, A+, B+, O+
58.
What type(s) of blood can a person with O+ RECEIVE?
a)
O+ and O-
b)
O+, only
c)
O-, only
d)
O+, A+, B+, AB+
59.
Which type of blood vessel uses valves to prevent a blood "backflow effect" that would create harmful stress on the heart?
a)
Arteries
b)
Veins
c)
Capillaries
d)
Valves
60.
As an arterial pathway moves farther from the heart, the arteries
a)
get smaller
b)
get larger
c)
do not change in size
d)
have a party
61.
As blood travels from arteries to veins, 
a)
pressure builds. 
b)
viscosity increases.
c)
pressure drops 
d)
diameter of the blood vessels gets progressively smaller. 
62.
Abnormally high number of red blood cells
a)
anemia
b)
leukemia
c)
polycythemia
d)
leukopenia
63.
The measure of RBC in a sample
a)
hemoglobin
b)
erythropoesis
c)
anemia
d)
hematocrit
64.
How long do erythrocytes live?
a)
forever
b)
100-120 days
c)
2 weeks only
d)
a year
65.
Which formed elements are cell fragments?
a)
platelets
b)
red blood cells
c)
plasma
d)
white blood cells
66.
Where does hemopoesis occur?
a)
Yellow marrow
b)
red marrow
c)
inside muscles
d)
inside blood vessels
67.

ECG and EKG are abbreviations for the same thing

a)

True

b)

False

68.

Resting period between heart contractions, when the heart fills with blood. Lower number of blood pressure.

a)

Diastole

b)

Systole

c)

Venule

d)

Arteriole

69.

Period of contraction in the atria and ventricles. Larger number in blood pressure measurement based on this.

a)

Systole

b)

Diastole

70.

Pulmonary refers to the

a)

Lungs

b)

Kidneys

c)

Brain

d)

Heart

71.

Dividing tissue between the ventricles

a)

Septum

b)

Sacrum

c)

Labrum

72.

Larger of the two types of heart chambers

a)

Ventricles

b)

Atria

73.

Perkinje fibers are found in the

a)

Ventricles

b)

Atria

74.

Chordae Tendinae, or our heart strings, are attached to the

a)

Valves

b)

Arteries

c)

Veins

d)

SA and AV nodes

75.

The right side of the heart (based on patient) pumps blood to the

a)

Lungs

b)

Body

c)

Brain

d)

Arms

76.

The left side of the heart (based on patient left) pumps blood to the

a)

Body

b)

Brain

c)

Lungs

77.

The apex of the heart sits on this side of the chest, based on patient directions.

a)

Left

b)

Right

78.

Atria and ventricles contract at the same time

a)

True

b)

False

79.

Coronary arteries supply oxygenated blood to the

a)

Heart

b)

Lungs

c)

Brain

d)

Arms

80.

When blood comes back from the body, it first flows into the

a)

Right atria

b)

Left atria

c)

Right ventricle

d)

Left ventricle

81.

The first impulse for contraction originates in the

a)

SA node

b)

AV node

c)

Perkinje fibers

d)

Bundle of His

82.

The electrical pathway shown on an ECG/EKG reading is described using

a)

PQRST

b)

QRS

c)

ABCDE

d)

12345

83.

The largest peak and valley (QRS wave) represents

a)

Ventricular contraction

b)

Atrial contraction

84.

Pacemaker of the heart, initiating contraction of right atria

a)

SA node

b)

AV node

c)

Perkinje fibers

d)

Septum

85.

Where does a myocardial infarction occur?

a)

Coronary arteries

b)

Aorta

c)

Septum

d)

Pulmonary veins

86.

What is the correct path through the circulatory system which describes the passage of blood originating in the left leg?

a)

Vena cava → left atrium → left ventricle → lungs → right atrium → right ventricle → aorta

b)

Vena cava → left atrium → right atrium → lungs → left ventricle → right ventricle → aorta

c)

Vena cava → right atrium → right ventricle → lungs → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta

d)

a) Vena cava → right atrium → left atrium → lungs → right ventricle → left ventricle → aorta

87.

Which type of blood vessel has valves inside?

a)

Artery

b)

Vein

c)

Capillary

d)

None of the above

88.

Which type of blood vessel has a 'pulse'?

a)

Artery

b)

Vein

c)

Capillary

d)

None of the above

89.

Name the vessels labeled 1 and 9

a)

Inferior Vena cava and Aorta

b)

Inferior Vena cava and Left Pulmonary artery

c)

Supeior Vena Cava and Left Pulmonary artery

d)

Supeior Vena Cava and Right Pulmonary Artery

90.

It allows the flow of blood in only one direction from the right atrium to the right ventricle. Which part of the human heart carries out this function?

a)

Tricuspid valve

b)

Bicuspid valve

c)

Vena cave

d)

Septum

91.
The lungs job is to allow the blood to take in ____________ and get rid of _________?
a)
Carbon dioxide / oxygen
b)
CO2 / oxygen
c)
Oxygen / carbon dioxide
d)
CO2 / O2
92.

Name part N.

a)

Right atrium

b)

left atrium

c)

right ventricle

d)

left ventricle

93.

Name part M.

a)

Tricuspid valve

b)

Semilunar valve

c)

Bicuspid valve

d)

Mitral valve

94.

The human circulatory system is called a double closed circulatory system. What are the 2 parts of the human circulatory system ?

a)

The Pulmonary and Ventricular Circulation

b)

The Pulmonary and Systemic Circulation

c)

The Central and Peripheral Circulation

95.
What is pulmonary circulation?
a)
Blood travelling to and from the lungs
b)
Blood travelling to and from the body
c)
A blood clot in the lungs
d)
The vessel that brings blood to the lungs
96.

Small vessels that carry blood from arterioles and to small vessels called venules which then empty into veins

a)

Arteries

b)

Coronary Vessels

c)

Valves

d)

Capillaries

97.

Structure around the heart

a)

Transcardia

b)

Circumcardia

c)

Pericoronal

d)

Pericardium

98.
What is the function of a valve?
a)
Helps blood to clot
b)
Keeps blood flowing in all directions
c)
Keeps blood flowing in one direction
d)
Stops blood from flowing
99.
Which is the muscular wall that separates the heart into right and left sides?
a)
valves
b)
ventricles
c)
atria
d)
septum
100.

The smallest conducting respiratory passageways are called the

a)

bronchioles

b)

trachea

c)

glottis

d)

alveoli

101.

Which of the following structures closes off the larynx during swallowing

a)

glottis

b)

epiglottis

c)

esophagus

d)

palate

102.

The anatomical name for the windpipe is the

a)

glottis

b)

epiglottis

c)

trachea

d)

vocal cords

103.

The main function of the squamous epithelial cells in the alveolar walls is

a)

to create surfactant

b)

stimulate the diaphragm

c)

reduce surface tension

d)

gas exchange

104.

The main function of surfactant in the alveoli is

a)

to reduce surface tension of the avleolar fluid

b)

gas exchange

c)

close off the larynx during swallowing

d)

separate the oral and nasal cavities

105.

Structure A represents

a)

the epiglottis

b)

the hyoid bone

c)

thyroid cartilage

d)

circoid cartilage

106.

Structure B represents

a)

the epiglottis

b)

the hyoid bone

c)

thyroid cartilage

d)

circoid cartilage

107.

All of the following are functions of the larynx EXCEPT

a)

provides a patent airway

b)

acts in voice production

c)

serves as a switching mechanism to route food into the esophagus

d)

stimulation of the diaphragm

108.

alveoli

a)

are specialized structures for gas exchange

b)

have a large surface area for their size

c)

are specialized for optimal diffusion

d)

all of the previous answers are true of alveoli

109.
A chamber behind the nose and mouth that leads to the trachea
a)
pharynx
b)
trachea
c)
epiglottis
d)
larynx
110.
cleans, moistens, and warms the air
a)
trachea
b)
larynx
c)
nasal passage
d)
windpipe
111.
Given the following structures:
1. larynx
2. nasal cavity
3. pharynx
4. trachea
Which of the following is the correct order that air would flow during inhalation. 
a)
1,2,3,4
b)
2,3,1,4
c)
2,1,3,4
d)
4,2,3,1 
112.
The air sacs that are covered with capillaries where gas exchange takes place
a)
bronchi
b)
lungs
c)
oxygen
d)
alveoli
113.

Responsible for sweeping mucus up out of the lungs.

a)

alveoli

b)

cilia

c)

dermacytes

d)

erythrocytes

114.

These structures inside the nose help create turbulence in the incoming air, causing more contact with the mucus membrane.

a)

Nasal Conchae

b)

Paranasal Sinuses

c)

Goblet Cells

d)

Cilia

115.

A bony layer that separates the nasal passages from the oral cavity, anteriorly.

a)

Hard Palate

b)

Soft Palate

c)

Uvula

d)

Epiglottis

116.

Soft tissues that form the posterior portion of the separation between the nasal passages and oral cavity. Rises up to block nose while swallowing.

a)

Soft Palate

b)

Hard Palate

c)

Surfactant

d)

Pharynx

117.

Structure indicated here with a scalpel (yikes!).

a)

Uvula

b)

Hard Palate

c)

Palatine Tonsils

d)

Epiglottis

118.

The ___ lung is smaller because the ___ takes up some of its space.

a)

Left, Heart

b)

Left, Stomach

c)

Right, Esophagus

d)

Right, Right primary bronchus

119.

The walls of the alveoli are composed of __ tissue.

a)

Simple squamous

b)

Simple cuboidal

c)

Stratified squamous

d)

Transitional epithelial

120.

Made by the type II cells, this oily substance helps break the surface tension of moisture in the lungs, keeping the alveolar walls from sticking.

a)

Surfactant

b)

Mucus

c)

Goblet cells

d)

Niacinamide

121.

What separates the parietal and visceral pleurae are separated by

a)

Water

b)

Air

c)

Pleural fluid

d)

Fats

122.

 What muscles are used in breathing in and breathing out?

a)

Diaphragm and intercostals

b)

Diaphragm and lungs

c)

Lungs and ribs

d)

Lungs and diaphragm

123.

What is the volume of one breath called?

a)

Minute ventilation

b)

Inspiratory capacity

c)

Tidal volume

d)

Vital capacity

124.

During inspiration, the intrapleural pressure mostly

a)

Decreases

b)

Increases

c)

Fluctuates rapidly

d)

Stays the same

125.

Which diagram best illustrates the function of an alveolus?

a)

b)

c)

d)

126.

What is the term for the tiny air sacs of the lungs which allow for rapid gas exchange?

a)

bronchus

b)

trachea

c)

alveoli

d)

bronchioles

127.

The two branches off of the trachea are the left and right:

a)

lungs

b)

bronchioles

c)

bronchus

d)

diaphragm

128.

What is the name of the tiny hairs that protect the nasal passageways, trachea and and other parts of the respiratory tract and filter out foreign matter and organisms that are inhaled with the air?

a)

capillaries

b)

bronchioles

c)

cilia

d)

alveoli

129.

Which organ is also known as the voicebox?

a)

nasal passage

b)

larynx

c)

trachea

d)

bronchi

130.
What is N?
a)
nose
b)
mouth
c)
phayrnx
d)
layrnx
131.

The "windpipe" is known as the

a)

alveoli

b)

esophagus

c)

trachea

d)

bronchi

132.

A small flap of tissue that covers the trachea is called the

a)

bronchi

b)

larynx

c)

pharynx

d)

epiglottis

133.

Which properly describes inhalation?

a)

ribs go down and out

b)

pressure is low causing air to rush in

c)

pressure is high causing air to rush in

d)

volume is low

134.

Med term- Which med term means a deficiency of something?

a)

-emia

b)

-haem

c)

-penia

d)

-hyper

135.

Med term- Which term means breath or breathing?

a)

-pulm(o)

b)

-pnea

c)

bronch(o)

d)

oxy

136.

Med term- Please select ALL of the med terms that mean 'lung'.

a)

pneum(o)

b)

pneumon(o)

c)

pulm(o)

d)

thorac(o)

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