Main or primary source of energy of all living things

(a)  

Source of long-term energy storage, cell membrane structure and hormones

(a)  

Macromolecule that stores and transmits genetic information

(a)  

Made up of amino acids with many functions including enzymes, cell structure, growth, repair and hormones

(a)  

Organelle that converts solar energy into chemical energy

(a)  

Product produced by photosynthesis

(a)  

Organelle that converts glucose into ATP; also known as the "powerhouse of the cell"

(a)  

Type of cell that lacks a nuclear envelope and membrane-bound organelles

(a)  

Complex cells that have a nuclear envelope and membrane bound organelle

(a)  

Cell structure that holds DNA in eukaryotes and controls the cell

(a)  

Cell structure; A network of tubes used for transportation of proteins

(a)  

Cell structure; Modifies, sorts and packages materials for transport

(a)  

Cell structure; Stores material and is especially large in plants to store water

(a)  

Cell structure; synthesizes proteins

(a)  

Cell structure; site of cellular respiration

(a)  

Cell structure; site of photosynthesis

(a)  

Cell structure; provides structure and support for non-animal cells

(a)  

Cell structure; regulates what goes in and out of the cell; it is made up of two layers of phospholipids with proteins and carbohydrates embedded throughout

(a)  

The ability to maintain a constant stable internal environment

(a)  

Type of transport where molecules move down the concentration gradient

(a)  

Type of transport where molecules move against the concentration gradient

(a)  

a solution that contains more solute than the cell so water leaves the cell

(a)  

A solution that contains less solute than the cell so water enters the cell

(a)  

A solution that contains equal solute to the cell and there is no net movement of water

(a)  

Component of DNA; includes Adenine, Guanine, Thymine and Cytosine

(a)  

When two strands of DNA run in opposite directions

(a)  

Stage of the cell cycle that includes G1, S and G2 phase

(a)  

Stage of the cell cycle where cell division takes place to produce daughter cells that are diploid (2n)

(a)  

Stage of the cell cycle where cell division takes place to produce daughter cells that are haploid (n)

(a)  

A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes

(a)  

A cell that contains one set of chromosomes

(a)  

Cells found throughout the body, except for sperm and egg

(a)  

The cell type that includes sperm and eggs

(a)  

Disease that results from the uncontrolled or continual cell growth and replication of cells

(a)  

Phase of the cell cycle where DNA is replicated

(a)  

Term used to describe when one DNA strand is “conserved” to create an identical strand during DNA replication

(a)  

stage of the cell cycle where chromatin is packed into chromosomes, nuclear membrane breaks down and spindle fibers form

(a)  

Stage of the cell cycle in which spindle fibers move chromosomes to align along the middle of the cell

(a)  

Stage of the cell cycle where spindle fibers shorten and sister chromatids are pulled apart and away to the opposite poles

(a)  

Stage of the cell cycle where two new nuclei form, spindle fibers break down

(a)  

Stage of the cell cycle, after mitosis, where the cytoplasm is ready to divide

(a)  

Pairs of chromosomes where one is from the mother and one is from the father

(a)  

Homologous chromosomes exchange portions, creating new combinations of genes

(a)  

Chromosomes are randomly assorted which contributes to genetically different offspring

(a)  

The heterozygous condition results in a “blending” or mixture of two traits

(a)  

Both alleles in the heterozygote express themselves fully (i.e. stripes or spots)

(a)  

A gene that has more than two possible alleles (i.e. ABO blood types)

(a)  

Traits controlled by two or more genes that interact (i.e. eye color and skin color)

(a)  

Traits carried on sex chromosomes, usually on the X (i.e. color blindness and hemophilia)

(a)  

A chart that shows the relationship within a family of a single trait

(a)  

A sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and determines a trait

(a)  

The different or alternate form of a gene (trait) represented by one letter; A or a

(a)  

Two identical alleles for a particular trait

(a)  

Two different alleles for a particular trait

(a)  

Trait expressed no matter what the second allele is considered (a)   .

Trait only expressed when both alleles are present is considered (a)   .

Genetic makeup of alleles

(a)  

Observable characteristics coded for by genes

(a)  

Chart that looks at the genetic possibilities for one trait

(a)  

Chart that looks at the genetic possibilities of two traits

(a)  

The process of converting DNA to RNA in the nucleus

(a)  

The process of converting mRNA to protein on a ribosome in the cytoplasm

(a)  

A group of 3 nucleotides used to determine the amino acid identity

(a)  

Changes in DNA that can impact the proteins made and are source of genetic variation

(a)  

3 nucleotides at the bottom of a transfer RNA molecule that matches codons to amino acids

(a)  

A mutation where a single base is changed to another

(a)  

A deletion or insertion of a base that may significantly change the function of a protein; every codon after the deletion or insertion is altered

(a)  

Change in the allele frequency of a population over time

(a)  

Organisms best suited for their environment will survive and pass favorable genes onto the next generation; survival of the fittest

(a)  

Ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment; a measure of reproductive success

(a)  

Inherited characteristic that increases an organism’s chance of survival

(a)  

Species with different ancestral origins have developed similar features

(a)  

Two different species share the same ancestral origins resulting in speciation

(a)  

The formation of a new species through inherited variation and natural selection

(a)  

The raw material for natural selection

(a)  

Documents the time, location and features of deceased organisms

(a)  

Organisms can develop similar characteristics due to similar environments; or evolve different characteristics due to different environments. Known as (a)   evolution.

Structures that have different mature forms in different organisms, but develop from the same original embryonic tissue (i.e. arm, fin, wing)

(a)  

Structures, in unrelated organisms, that have similar functions (i.e. wing of bird, bat and butterfly)

(a)  

A change in allele frequency in a gene pool due to chance, a random event that causes sampling error

(a)  

Change in allele frequency in a gene pool due to migration of alleles moving into or out of a population

(a)  

A diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms. Also known as a phylogenetic tree.

(a)  

A tool used for identifying organisms by using specific observable traits of the organism

(a)  

Non-living microorganism that does not have a nucleus and requires a living host to reproduce; typically made up of a protein capsid which surrounds and protects the genetic material

(a)  

A complete living thing

(a)  

A group of same species in the same area

(a)  

Two or more populations interacting (i.e. competition, predator-prey, producer-consumer etc)

(a)  

A community (biotic factors) and all abiotic factors in a certain area

(a)  

Large geographical area determined by similar climate

(a)  

Producer; makes own food

(a)  

Consumer; has to consume food to get energy

(a)