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Unit 6 - Natural Resources/Earth's History/Natural Selection

Total questions: 200

Worksheet time: 3hrs 56mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is classification?

a)

organizing organisms according to their characteristics

b)

basic unit of life

c)

the process for averaging my grades in class

d)

the total count of all living things on earth

2.

How are organisms put into groups?

a)

They are organized by characteristics.

b)

If they have similar characteristics they are grouped together.

c)

Each group is organized into more specific groups.

d)

All of these answers are true.

3.

What characteristics describe parts of an organism that you canNOT see?

a)

external structure

b)

internal structure

c)

genetic similarities

d)

embryology similarities

4.

What characteristics show that similar organisms have similar DNA and similar characteristics?

a)

external structure

b)

internal structure

c)

genetic similarities

d)

embryology similarities

5.

What characteristics show that similar organisms develop similarly (the embryos look nearly the same)?

a)

external structure

b)

internal structure

c)

genetic similarities

d)

embryology similarities

6.

What characteristics describe parts of the organism that you can see?

a)

external structure

b)

internal structure

c)

genetic similarities

d)

embryology similarities

7.

I can see that dogs, cats, and elephants all have 4 legs. This is an example of:

a)

external structure

b)

internal structure

c)

genetic similarities

d)

embryology similarities

8.

Catfish and goldfish both have organs that allow them to breath underwater . This is an example of:

a)

external structure

b)

internal structure

c)

genetic similarities

d)

embryology similarities

9.

Chickens and eagles lay eggs; this is where their babies grow and develop before they hatch. This is an example of:

a)

external structure

b)

internal structure

c)

genetic similarities

d)

embryology similarities

10.

The colors of my hair and my eyes are the same as my mom's because I have her DNA. This is an example of:

a)

external structure

b)

internal structure

c)

genetic similarities

d)

embryology similarities

11.
An illustration and a dichotomous key are given. What is the correct classification for this organism?
a)
Class Insecta
b)
Order Amblygygi
c)
Order Araneae
d)
Order Scorpiones
12.
A table of arachnid and insect characteristics is shown. Which characteristic could be used to distinguish between
arachnids and insects?
a)
Jointed legs
b)
Body segments
c)
Presence of eyes
d)
Presence of antennae
13.
A dichotomous key for trees is provided. Hikers found a tree that has large brown cones and single sharp needles. What species of tree have the hikers found?
a)
Juniper
b)
Pine
c)
Spruce
d)
Fir
14.
What is the purpose of a dichotomous key?
a)
to find a common ancestor
b)
to show the evolution of organisms
c)
to show relationships between organisms
d)
to identify organisms
15.
From the table, which two animals are MOST CLOSELY related
a)
House Cate and Red Fox
b)
Red Fox and Dog
c)
Dog and Wolf
d)
Wolf and Gopher
16.
A dichotomous key for trees is provided. Hikers found a tree that has large brown cones and single sharp needles. What species of tree have the hikers found?
a)
Juniper
b)
Pine
c)
Spruce
d)
Fir
17.
When using a dichotomous key to identify organisms, what do we look at?
a)
physical features
b)
weather patterns
c)
environment
d)
diet
18.
What is the name of bird W?
a)
Certhidea
b)
Geospiza
c)
Camarhynchus
d)
Platyspiza
19.
What is the name of bird Z?
a)
Certhidea
b)
Geospiza
c)
Camarhynchus
d)
Platyspiza
20.
Using this dichotomous key, identify the name of the circled Fish, J.
a)
peacock flounder
b)
band-tail puffer
c)
trumpet fish
d)
spotted goat fish
21.
A student discovers an arachnid with a segmented abdomen, long legs, and a tail with no stinger. The student uses the dichotomous key below to identify it. Which arachnid has the student found?
a)
Whip Scorpion
b)
Wind Scorpion
c)
Daddy long legs
d)
Scorpion
22.
An illustration and a dichotomous key are given. What is the correct classification for this organism?
a)
Class Insecta
b)
Order Amblygygi
c)
Order Araneae
d)
Order Scorpiones
23.
Using this dichotomous key, identity the name of the circled fish.
a)
band-tail puffer
b)
spotted goat fish
c)
peacock flounder
d)
trumpet fish
24.
Using this dichotomous key, identify the name of the circled Fish, J.
a)
peacock flounder
b)
band-tail puffer
c)
trumpet fish
d)
spotted goat fish
25.

Which type of substance is a homogeneous mixture?

a)

Compound

b)

Solution

c)

Colloid

d)

Suspenseion

26.

Which type of substance is not a pure substance?

a)

Element

b)

Compound

c)

Mixture

27.

What is the purpose of a cladogram?

a)

To map the ancestral relationships and shared traits of different organisms.

b)

To trace the inherited traits of a single species over time.

c)

To check the likelihood of an offspring having a particular trait.

d)

To monitor mutations that arise among different populations.

28.

How has technology helped us in understanding evolutionary relationships?

a)

We can travel back in time to observe different organisms in their habitats.

b)

We clone different organisms using DNA from fossils so we can bring them back and observe.

c)

We can now compare the DNA of different organisms to help determine the relationships between them.

d)

We can follow different organisms on Twitter to look for similar traits and characteristics.

29.

How can a cladogram be used to show how closely related two organisms are?

a)

The further apart two organisms are on a cladogram the more they have in common.

b)

If two organisms are next to each other on a cladogram then they must be the same species.

c)

All organisms share a common ancestor.

d)

You can use a cladogram to see how many traits two organisms have in common. The more in common, the more closely related they are.

30.

What traits do most mammals share? Check all that apply.

a)

Vertebrates

b)

Lay Eggs

c)

Have hair

d)

Produce Milk for their young

e)

Endothermic (Warm Blooded)

31.

A branched diagram that shows ancestry, or how you and your relatives have descended from common relatives.

a)

Cladogram

b)

Pedigree

c)

Family Tree

d)

DNA Test

32.

A “family tree” made by scientists to show relationships of ancestry and similar traits between organisms.

a)

Cladogram

b)

Scientific Family Tree

c)

Pedigree

d)

DNA Test

33.

What characteristics do all of these animals have in common?

a)

Vertebrate

b)

Lungs

c)

Endothermic

d)

Mammal

34.

What do both the squirrel and lion have in common that the other animals do not?

a)

They are both vertebrates

b)

They both have lungs

c)

They are both mammals

d)

They both lose their canine teeth.

35.

Is a bird more closely related to a prosimian or to an amphibian?

a)

Birds are more closely related to prosimians because they have more in common.

b)

Birds are more closely related to amphibians because they have more in common.

36.

What do amphibians, birds, prosimians and humans all have in common? Check all that apply.

a)

Hair

b)

Endothermic

c)

Eukaryotic

d)

Tetrapod

e)

Vertebrate

37.

According to this cladogram, what characteristics do prosimians have in common with humans?

a)

Hair

b)

Eukaryotic

c)

Vertebrate

d)

Endothermic

e)

Tetrapod

38.

Which plant(s) have vascular tissue?

a)

Charophytes

b)

Gymnosperms

c)

Mosses

d)

Flowering Plants

e)

Ferns

39.

What characteristics (features) do liverworts and mosses share?

a)

vascular tissue

b)

reproduce sexually

c)

multicellular

d)

perform photosynthesis

40.

What is different about ferns, gymnosperms, and flowering plants compared to the rest of the plants?

a)

use seeds to reproduce

b)

have leaves with veins

c)

have vascular tissue

d)

reproduce sexually

41.

What do the circles represent?

a)

Shared traits

b)

Common ancestors

c)

Extinctions

d)

Missing fossils

42.

Which lettered circle (or circles) represents a common ancestor of flowering plants and gymnosperms?

a)

F

b)

E

c)

D

d)

C

43.

Which lettered circle (or circles) represents the most recent common ancestor of flowering plants and gymnosperms?

a)

F

b)

E

c)

D

d)

C

44.

Are mosses a direct ancestor of flowering plants?

a)

Yes

b)

No

45.

The letter (a)   represents the most recent common ancestor of mosses and flowering plants.

46.

This image is an example of a.....

a)

Mendelian Life Graph

b)

Cladogram

c)

Punnett Square

d)

Pedigree Chart

47.

What is the purpose of a cladogram?

a)
To show the evolutionary relationships among different species
b)
To measure the temperature of a species
c)
To calculate the speed of a species
d)
To determine the color of a species
48.

When looking at a cladogram, what is a derived character?

a)
A trait that is shared by all species on the cladogram
b)

A trait that is unique to the most common ancestor and passed to its defendants.

c)
A trait that is found in some but not all of the species on the cladogram
d)
A trait that is present in the ancestral species and all its descendants
49.

The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce.

a)

fitness

b)

energy

c)

agility

d)

instinct

50.

Structures or behaviors that help an

organism survive in its surroundings

a)

adaptations

b)

inherited traits

c)

learned behaviors

d)

structural behaviors

51.

What is the process where animals live or die based on their adaptations to their environment.

a)

Genetic Drift

b)

Natural Selection

c)

The Circle of Life

d)

Mammoth

52.

Shows how different groups of organisms have changed over time.

a)

fossil record

b)

homologous structures

c)

embryology

53.

Scientist that contributed the most to our understanding of evolution

a)

Darwin

b)

Lamarck

54.

Adaptations can be:

a)

camouflage

b)

ability to survive cold weather

c)

hunting skills

d)

all of the above

55.

A species could go extinct if:

a)

food becomes more plentiful.

b)

members of the species have adaptations to enhance survival.

c)

the environment changes drastically and no one can adapt.

d)

there is less competition for resources.

56.
Natural selection could not occur without...
a)
genetic variation in species
b)
stable environments
c)
competition for unlimited resources
d)
gradual warming of the Earth
57.
Use the cladogram to determine which of the following organisms is most closely related to the dog?
a)
cat
b)
frog
c)
fish
d)
fly
58.
An inherited characteristic that increases an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its specific environment is called a(n)...
a)
homologous structure
b)
vestigial organ
c)
adaptation
d)
speciation
59.
When farmers select the largest hogs, the fastest horses, or the cows that produce the most milk for breeding it is called...
a)
natural selection
b)
artificial selection
c)
survival of the fittest
d)
homologous variation
60.
Refer to the illustration.  The similarity of these structures is one from of evidence that the organisms...
a)
share a common ancestor
b)
all grow at different rates
c)
evolved instantaneously
d)
live for a long time
61.
Natural selection is the process by which...
a)
the age of selected fossils is calculated
b)
organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than organisms less suited to the same environment
c)
acquired traits are passed on from one generation to the next
d)
all answers are correct
62.
Evidence that evolution occurs includes all of the following except...
a)
no change has occurred in any species
b)
similarities in proteins and DNA sequences between organisms
c)
the fossil record
d)
homologous structures among different organisms
63.
How do fossils demonstrate evidence of evolution?
a)
They show that ancient species share similarities with species now on Earth
b)
They show evidence of species that are not extinct
c)
They are the primary source of evidence of natural selection
d)
Fossils reveal that many species have remained unchanged for millions of years
64.
 In a population of clover flowers, there are both white and purple varieties.  The cows that graze the field where the clover grows prefer the purple variety.  Over time, the white clover flowers become much more numerous and the purple ones more scarce.  This is an example of which process that can cause evolutionary change?
a)
genetic equilibrium
b)
genetic mutation
c)
natural selection
d)
overproduction
65.
According to Darwin, evolution occurs...
a)
only through artificial selection
b)
during half-life periods of 5,715 years
c)
because of natural selection
d)
so rapidly that it can be observed easily
66.
A change in the inherited characteristics of an organism over time is ________
a)
evolution.
b)
development.
c)
growth.
d)
ancestry.
67.
The most recent ancestral form or species from which two different species evolved is known as ________________________.
a)
a common ancestor.
b)
an embryonic stage.
c)
development.
d)
evolution.
68.
 Which is a source of genetic variation?
a)
mutations
b)
artificial selection
c)
exponential growth
d)
genetic bottlenecking
69.
An inheritable characteristic that gives a survival advantage to the organism
a)
speciation
b)
adaption
c)
rapid speciation
d)
derived character
70.
Structures that are inherited from a common ancestor are homologous.
a)
True
b)
False
71.

Based on Darwin's findings, what determines an organism’s ability to survive?

a)

Its ability to have babies

b)

Its ability to adapt to the environment

c)

Its ability to move out of a bad environment

d)

Its ability to win competitions

72.
Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Artifical Selection
73.
The differences among a species, like different bird beaks, are called
a)
genes.
b)
variations.
c)
traits.
d)
theories.
74.
Which feature of a rose helps it grow without being eaten by large animals?
a)
flowers with bright colors
b)
sharp thorns
c)
small seeds
d)
deep roots
75.
What is a characteristic, or feature of a plant or animal called?
a)
trait
b)
survive
c)
adaptation
d)
reproduce
76.
This word means to stay alive.
a)
trait
b)
reproduce
c)
adaptation
d)
survive
77.
A trait that helps a living thing survive is called an _______.
a)
trait
b)
adaptation
c)
survive
d)
reproduce
78.
True or False: Smell is an adaptation for some flowers.
a)
True
b)
False
79.
Which is NOT a feature of an eagle?
a)
strong claws
b)
good eyesight
c)
sharp beak
d)
webbed feet
80.
The ears of this fox are an example of...
a)
A behavioral adaptation
b)
Poor breeding
c)
A physical adaptation
d)
Plastic surgery gone horribly wrong
81.
Which Adaptation helped the frog blend in with the souroundings?
a)
Mimicry
b)
Scent
c)
Hibernation
d)
Camouflage
82.
Why Do aniamals Adapt?
a)
To make their life better
b)
To Survive in their envorment.
c)
To make people happy
d)
ALL of the above
83.
This word means to move from one place to another and back again.
a)
migrate
b)
hibernate
84.

The venom of a snake is considered to be _____________ adaptation.

a)

Structural

b)

Behavioral

c)

Physiological

d)

Mimicry

85.

The spines on a hedgehog is considered to be _____________ adaptation.

a)

Structural

b)

Behavioral

c)

Physiological

d)

Learned

86.

Running away from a predator is considered to be _____________ adaptation.

a)

Structural

b)

Behavioral

c)

Physiological

d)

Camouflage

87.

A characteristic or trait that helps an organism survive in its environment is a/an ​ ​ (a)  

Choose from the below words
adaptation
skill
variation
natural instinct
88.

Variation in​ (a)   would best help bison survive a harsh winter

Choose from the below words
fur thickness
Leg length
Hearing quality
Hoof size
89.

Beak shape depends on...

a)

where birds live

b)

who they hang out with

c)

diet (fish or seeds)

d)

exercise

90.

A giraffe has a long neck in order to better reach leaves to eat. This is an example of _____.

a)

an adaptation

b)

environment

c)

response

d)

stimulus

91.

Which of the following is an inherited trait?

a)

swimming

b)

eye color

c)

skateboarding

d)

callused fingers

92.

Determine if the traits are structural or behavioral.

a)

Migration

1.

Behavioral because it makes animals move away and find better resources

b)

Hibernation

2.

Behavioral because it allows animals to save energy

c)

Camouflage

3.

Structural because it allows organisms to hide in plain sight

d)

Venom

4.

Structural because it is a chemical defense

e)

Storage of food in bulb

5.

Structural because it allows plants to save energy for later use

93.
Predict which moth would increase in population
a)
light 
b)
dark
94.
a)

Physiological

b)

Structural

c)

Behavioral

95.
a)

Physiological

b)

Structural

c)

Behavioral

96.
a)

Physiological

b)

Structural

c)

Behavioral

97.

A(n) _____________ is a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce.

a)

natural selection

b)

trait

c)

adaptation

d)

evolution

98.

Match the type of adaptation with the correct example.

a)

physical

1.

zebra's stripes

b)

behavioral

2.

hunting in a pack

c)

physiological

3.

sweating / fluffing feathers

99.

Animals that only eat meat are called (a)   Animals that only eat plants are called ​ (b)   Animals that eat both plants and animals are called ​ (c)   If an animal hunts other animals for survival, it is a ​ (d)   , and if it is hunted, it is the ​ (e)  

Choose from the below words
carnivores.
herbivores.
omnivores.
predator
prey.
100.

When cold-blooded animals prepare their bodies for winter, the process is known as __________.

a)

migration

b)

brumation

c)

hibernation

d)

molting

101.

_____________ sailed on the British ship, HMS Beagle and studied on the __________.

a)

Goodall, Galapagos

b)

Darwin, Galapagos

c)

Goodall, Canary Islands

d)

Darwin, Canary Islands

102.

Compare and contrast the iguanas Darwin observed:

Categorize the following

reptiles

4 legs

tendrils

eat plants

green

smaller claws

climb trees

eat leaves

brown

larger claws

grip rocks

eat seaweed

Mainland Iguanas
Both
Island Iguanas
103.

Draw the beak shape that would be BEST for a bird that picks insects off of sticks.

104.

Scientists said they could identify which island a __________ was from just by looking at them.

a)

sloth

b)

iguana

c)

finch

d)

tortoise

105.

Match the factors of Natural Selection with their description.

a)

Overproduction

1.

Too many offspring + not enough resource

b)

Variation

2.

Many versions of a trait in a species

c)

Selection

3.

desirable traits are chosen to mate

d)

Competition

4.

Fighting for resources

e)

Environmental Change

5.

Any change in the habitat

106.

When animals fight for resources, it is called ​ (a)   . If there are too many offspring, or ​ (b)   , and some animals may die out. The ones that survive have the positive ​ (c)   of the trait, and are more desirable for ​ (d)   of a mate.

Choose from the below words
competition
overproduction
variation
selection
107.

Evolution is the result of a process called ____________

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Artificial Selection

c)

Survival of the Weakest

d)

Supernatural Selection

108.

According to natural selection, organisms more suited to their environment are better able to

a)

Sleep

b)

Survive

c)

Perish

d)

Migrate

109.

The process of passing down favorable traits to one's offspring is called

a)

Artificial Selection

b)

Mutations

c)

Evolution

d)

Inheritance

110.

Natural selection happens when an individual's genes ______________ from the genes of other members of its species.

a)

Become different

b)

Stay the same

c)

Become separated

111.

Differences in genes can cause differences in __________ (Choose the best answer).

a)

Mutations

b)

RNA

c)

Appearance

112.

Changes in genetic material are called _____________

a)

Mutations

b)

RNA

c)

Genes

113.

Mutations can be inherited or be

a)

Chosen by the individual organism

b)

Caused by environmental factors

c)

Refused at any time

114.

True or False? All changes in genes are harmless.

a)

True

b)

False

115.

Some changes in genes can help organisms _____

a)

Survive

b)

Mutate

c)

Rest

116.

How does waterproof feathers help penguins survive in the Antarctic. (Choose all that apply)

a)

Helps keep them warm and dry

b)

Helps them blend in

c)

Helps them swim in cold waters

d)

Helps them see further in cold weather

117.

Guppies are small fish that live in South American rivers. They can have different- sized spots on their bodies.

The river bottoms are covered in rocks. Guppies with spots that are the same size as the rocks on the bottom are harder for bigger fish to see and catch.

The diagram below shows a population of guppies that live in a river. At time 1, the population had the same number of guppies with small and large spots. At time 2, after many generations, there were many more guppies with small spots and fewer guppies with large spots in the population.


How did the environment change between time 1 and time 2? How did the population change?

a)

You cannot tell how the environment changed. With each generation, more guppies passed on the gene for small spots to their offspring.

b)

The rocks became smaller. With each generation, more guppies with small spots survived long enough to pass on the gene for small spots to their offspring.

c)

The rocks became smaller. Guppies with small spots are more likely to survive, so the guppies with large spots changed to have small spots.

d)

The rocks became smaller. Guppies with small spots are more likely to survive, so both kinds of guppies passed on the gene for small spots to their offspring.

118.

What is the process where animals live or die based on their adaptations to their environment.

a)

Genetic Drift

b)

Natural Selection

c)

The Circle of Life

d)

Mammoth

119.
Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest.
a)
Extinction
b)
Speciation
c)
Natural Selection
d)
Artificial Selection
120.

A white moth living on a brown tree is an example of a(n).....

a)

adaptive trait

b)

non-adaptive trait

c)

trait

d)

moth in trouble

121.

Which word describes the word "variation"?

a)

Adaptations

b)

Differences

c)

Traits

d)

Genetics

122.
When an organism of a species has an adaptation, it will compete for resources better, survive longer and pass that adaptation on to it's offspring. This process is called
a)
evolution by natural selection
b)
artificial selection
c)
inbreeding
d)
outbreeding
123.

A variation is . . .

a)

when organisms have camouflage like spots or stripes

b)

an organism from a different dimension

c)

when you order different food than your friend

d)

differences between organisms in the same species

124.
Who was the naturalist that traveled the world to study plants and animals?
a)
Albert Einstein
b)
Charles Darwin
c)
Charles Barkley
d)
Isaac Newton
125.
Do organisms "decide" to evolve and change?
a)
Yes, they know they need to change to survive 
b)
No, they change because of natural selection
126.

Which animal is the most FIT to live in the desert?

a)

Penguin

b)

Bear

c)

Tiger

d)

Lizard

127.

A green rat snake that lives in the grass and a brown rat snake that lives in the desert is a form of ______________.

a)

Human Genetic Modification

b)

Selective Breeding

c)

Natural Selection

d)

Artificial Breeding

128.

According to natural selection, light colored tree trunks would favor

a)

light colored moths

b)

dark colored moths

c)

red colored moths

d)

red and light colored moths

129.

A fox with thicker fur than average would have a survival advantage over other foxes if:

a)

There is more competition for food in the fox population.

b)

The air temperature significantly decreases in winter.

c)

A drought occurs, limiting the amount of water available.

d)

A new disease appears that infects the foxes.

130.

What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?

a)

To look different from other species.

b)

To protect itself against predators.

c)

To protect itself against prey

d)

To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.

131.

Which word best describes the following definition?


The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than other members of the same species.

a)

Trait

b)

Generation

c)

Adaptive Trait

d)

Natural Selection

132.

Tree squirrels can have different fur colors.

Squirrels live in forests where foxes also live. Foxes hunt squirrels for food. Squirrels that have fur that is the same color as the trees are harder for the foxes to see and catch.

The diagram below shows a population of squirrels that live in a forest. At time 1, the population had the same number of black and gray squirrels. At time 2, after many generations, there were many more black squirrels and fewer gray squirrels in the population.

How did the environment change between time 1 and time 2? How did the population change?

a)

You cannot tell how the environment changed. With each generation, more squirrels passed on the gene for black fur to their offspring.

b)

There were more black trees. Squirrels with black fur are more likely to survive, so the squirrels with gray fur changed to have black fur.

c)

There were more black trees. Squirrels with black fur are more likely to survive, so both types of squirrels passed on the gene for black fur to their offspring.

d)

There were more black trees. With each generation, more squirrels with black fur survived long enough to pass on the gene for black fur to their offspring.

133.

Which histogram has more variation?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

The both have the same amount of variation

134.

Variations are caused by . . .

a)

Kaleidoscopes

b)

Variety Shows

c)

Mutations

d)

A change in phenotypic expression

135.

The phrase "Survival of the Fittest" would best describe...

a)

Natural selection

b)

Artificial selection

c)

Selective breeding

d)

None of the above

136.

Who is the English naturalist that's responsible for Natural Selection?

a)

Gregor Mendel

b)

Robert Hooke

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

Isaac Newton

137.

Which of the following species did Charles Darwin study while on his voyage to the Galapagos Islands?

a)

Finches

b)

Spiders

c)

Giraffes

d)

Fishes

138.

_________ is when an organism resembles another animal.

a)

Instinctive behavior

b)

Camouflage

c)

Natural Selection

d)

Mimicry

139.

__________ is when an organism blends in with its environment.

a)

Mimicry

b)

Camouflage

c)

Adapting

d)

Learned behavior

140.

What are the two types of behavioral adaptations?

a)

Learned and natural selection

b)

Instinctive and camouflage

c)

Camouflage and mimicry

d)

Instinctive and learned

141.

The venom of a snake is considered to be _____________ adaptation.

a)

Structural

b)

Behavioral

c)

Physiological

d)

Mimicry

142.

The spines on a hedgehog is considered to be _____________ adaptation.

a)

Structural

b)

Behavioral

c)

Physiological

d)

Learned

143.

Running away from a predator is considered to be _____________ adaptation.

a)

Structural

b)

Behavioral

c)

Physiological

d)

Camouflage

144.
The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?
a)
Fossil A and C are the same age
b)
Fossil B is older than fossil C
c)
Fossils A is older than fossil B
d)
Fossil D is older than fossil C
145.

What type of evidence is represented in the picture above:

a)

Fossils

b)

Vestigial Structures

c)

DNA

d)

Homologous Structures

146.
How does embryology support the Theory of Evolution?
a)
It shows that they have a common ancestor because of their similarities.
b)
         I'm not sure.
c)
Animals change over time. 
147.
The phrase "Survival of the Fittest" would best describe...
a)
Natural Selection 
b)
Artificial Selection 
c)
Selective Breeding
d)
Rainbow Trout 
148.

Which statement is true comparing natural selection and artificial selection?

a)

In natural selection, traits benefit humans and in artificial selection, the traits benefit the species

b)

In natural selection, traits benefit the species and in artificial selection, the traits benefit humans

c)

In natural and artificial selection, the process takes hundreds of years to occur

d)

In natural and artificial selection, nature determines what traits will be passed down to offspring.

149.

What is an example of artificial selection?

a)

Letting dogs choose their own mate

b)

Letting plants pollinate on their own

c)

Crossing a labrador and a poodle to create a labradoodle

150.

1. The process of choosing parent organisms for desired characteristics is called

a)

natural selection

b)

Artificial selection

c)

random selection

d)

genetic manipulation

151.
Which of the following is a fossil?
a)
a plant that has recently died
b)
a group of organisms that can reproduce
c)
a structure or organ that no longer functions
d)
a trace of an organisms that existed in the past
152.
Who created the theory of evolution?
a)
Charles Darwin
b)
Charles Derwin
c)
Charlie Darwin
d)
Chris Darwin
153.

The Galapagos Islands are off the coast of ________________.

a)

North America

b)

South America

c)

Central America

d)

Antarctica

154.
Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Artifical Selection
155.
When every organism of a species has died.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Artificial Selection
156.
Charles Darwin’s observation that finches of different species on the Galápagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics supports the hypothesis that these finches 
 
a)
have the ability to interbreed.
have the ability to interbreed.
b)
acquired traits through use and disuse.
c)
all eat the same type of food.
d)
descended from a common ancestor.
157.
Which of the following ideas is supported by Darwin’s observation of local variation among tortoises in the Galápagos Islands? 
a)
artificial selection
b)
adaptation
c)
acquired characteristics
d)
tendency towards perfection
158.
Which statement best describes the process of evolution?
a)
Populations can survive in different locations on earth
b)
Environmental conditions limit the number of species on Earth
c)
Populations grow when resources are abundant
d)
The traits of a species can change over time
159.

What classifies a mass extinction?

a)

Only 5% of species go extinct.

b)

Massive flooding due to hurricanes.

c)

Happens in a relatively short period of time and is global

d)

There have never been any mass extinctions on Earth.

160.

Which of the following is NOT an accepted criterion for a mass extinction event?

a)

The event must have occurred in a relatively short time frame.

b)

The extinction involves multiple lifeforms and is widespread.

c)

A significant part of life on Earth became extinct.

d)

The cause of the mass extinction must be obvious.

161.

Which of the following mass extinctions occurred first?

a)

Ordovician-Silurian

b)

End Permian

c)

Late Devonian

d)

Cambrian

162.

Which of the following events resulted in the most species extinctions overall?

a)

Cretaceous-Tertiary

b)

Ordovician-Silurian

c)

End Triassic

d)

End Permian

163.

What is another widely used name for the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary?

a)

X1-X2 boundary

b)

C-T boundary

c)

K-T boundary

d)

M-C boundary

164.

The Devonian extinction had the most effect on which community of species that were living at the time?

a)

Freshwater tetrapods.

b)

Terrestrial plants.

c)

Marine reef builders.

d)

Small mammals.

165.

The Geologic Time Scale is a record of what?

a)

The known history of rocks and fossils.

b)

A list of every living thing ever.

c)

Classification of rocks.

166.

Paleozoic, Mesozoic & Cenozoic are all

a)

Epochs

b)

Eras

c)

Periods

d)

Eons

167.

Which is the most recent era of time- the one that we are currently in?

a)

Mesozoic

b)

Cenozoic

c)

Paleozoic

d)

Precambrian

168.

Which Eon or Eons were the longest in Earth history and the one geologist know the least about?

a)

Tertiary

b)

Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic

c)

Phanerozoic

d)

Silurian

169.

An index fossil is used by scientists to

a)

tell us the absolute age

b)

tell us the relative age

170.

You can tell that a fossil is an index fossil because...

a)

Only because the fossil is in one row .

b)

Because the fossil is only in one column.

c)

Because the fossil is in all of the rows and columns.

d)

Because the fossil is in only one row in all of the columns.

171.

Place the mass extinctions in order from the most that were extinct to the least.

a)

Devoninan 30%, triassic, 35%, Cretaceous 50%, Ordovician 50%, Permian 60%

b)

Permian 60%, Ordovician 50%, Cretaceous, 50%, Triassic, 35%, Devonian 30%

172.

What is a mass extinction?

a)

affects a large number of species at the same time

b)

only affects a few species at a time

c)

is only caused by climate change

d)

caused the dinosaur extinction

173.

How many major mass extinctions have occurred in the past?

a)

4

b)

5

c)

3

d)

10

174.

Index fossils is used by scientists to

a)

determine the relative age

b)

determine the absolute age

175.

What do scientists use to help determine when a mass extinction has occurred?

a)

The rock layers do not have that organism present

b)

Index fossils

c)

younger and older rock layers

d)

fossils

176.

Which fossil appears the be the best index fossil?

a)

a

b)

b

c)

c

d)

d

177.

What two organisms are the most closely related?

a)

Sharks and ray finned

b)

ray finned and amphibian

c)

amphibian and primate

d)

primate and rodent

178.

When two organisms seem to be closely related, this means they have a common ancestor?

a)

true

b)

false

179.

The fly and the flea have what traits in common?

a)

segmented bodies

b)

wings

c)

double wings

d)

legs

180.

What two organisms have the most traits in common, meaning they are most closely related according to the Cladogram

a)

worm and spider

b)

butterfly and fly

c)

dragonfly and spider

d)

ant and flea

181.

If two organisms have common structure and function they do not necessarily have a common ancestor

a)

true

b)

false

182.

Do the bat and the bird have similar structures?

a)

Yes

b)

no

183.

Do the bat and the bird have similar functions?

a)

Yes

b)

no

184.

Do the bat and the bird have a common ancestor?

a)

Yes

b)

no

185.

What is the order of extinctions from the greatest amount of extinctions to the least?

a)

1,2,3,4,5

b)

5,4,3,2,1

c)

3,1,5,4,2

d)

3,5,1,4,2

186.

What is the order of extinctions from the least amount of extinctions to the greatest?

a)

2,5,1,4,6

b)

2,4,5,1,6

c)

5,4,3,2,1

d)

1,2,3,4,5

187.

When a fossil no longer is in the fossil record scientist know that that organism is...

a)

ready to mate

b)

extinct

c)

a dodo bird

d)

a dinosaur

188.

Which of these answer BEST describes a fossil?

a)

fossils are remains or traces of once-living organisms found in layers of rock or ice, or in amber.

b)

organism from which other organisms are descended.

c)

body of an organism that died recently but has not decomposed

189.

Jonah's science class is examining different rocks. Jonah finds the rock shown below. What can Jonah see on this rock?

a)

DNA

b)

Fossil

c)

organism that died recently

190.

Which of these statements is TRUE of the fossil record?

a)

The fossil record contains a complete record of every extinct organism.

b)

The fossil record contains mostly soft organisms that had no hard bones of outer shell

c)

Newer layers contain organisms more similar to modern-day organisms than do older layers.

191.

The diagram below shows a portion of the fossil record in sedimentary rock. Different rock layers and fossils are clearly visible.

a)

Layer B contains the second-oldest fossils.

b)

Layer A contains the most recently formed fossils.

c)

The fossils in layer B are older than those in layer D.

192.

Alex is studying leg bone fossils of an extinct species to see if the extinct organism could be an ancestor of a certain living species. Which of the following types of evidence could he obtain from studying fossils?

a)

genetic evidence

b)

embryological evidence

c)

structural evidence

193.

A scientist described two modern-day species as sharing a common ancestor. What does it mean when two species share a common ancestor/

a)

It means that the two species are actually the same species

b)

It means that one of the species evolved from other species

c)

It means that both species evolved from one species that lived in the past.

194.

Which of these best describes the tiny leg bones that some whales have, which do not aid in their movement or serve any other function?

a)

structures that grows and improved in function as they are used

b)

structures that function at certain times of the year or under certain conditions

c)

structures that may have been useful for ancestral species, but are reduced in size and have little or no function in a living species.

195.

Which of these descriptions is an example of an unused body structure?

a)

a bat's wing that enables it to fly

b)

the tiny leg bones found in snakes that have no legs.

c)

the front legs of a dog that supports its weight as it walks and runs.

196.

Which of these statements is MOST LIKELY true of two species that share a recent common ancestor?

a)

The two species have different developmental patterns

b)

The two species share DNA sequences

c)

The two species have similar arms and legs

197.

The diagram below shows a model of the proposed relationship among some groups of mammals. Which of these organisms is MOST CLOSELY related to whales?

a)

camel

b)

bison

c)

hippo

198.

The diagram shows a model of the proposed relationships between some groups of ancient and modern mammals. According to the diagram, how long ago did whales and pigs have a common ancestor?

a)

about 15 million years

b)

about 55 million years

c)

about 65 million years

199.

Why do we classify living things?

a)

To keep information private.

b)

To make finding information easier.

c)

To confuse people.

d)

To make animals healthier.

200.

What does classify mean?

a)

Going to class

b)

to put things into groups

c)

You have a backbone

d)

Kingdom

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