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Bio 2 Final Study

Total questions: 113

Worksheet time: 2hrs 52mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

In eukaryotes, DNA

a)

is circular.

b)

is located in the ribosomes.

c)

floats freely in the cytoplasm.

d)

is located in the nucleus.

2.

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

a)

DNA to tRNA to mRNA

b)

RNA to DNA to Protein

c)

DNA to RNA to Protein

d)

mRNA to tRNA to rRNA

3.

An organism that contains their own DNA and DNA from another organism is called:

a)
transatlantic
b)
recombinant
c)
binary
d)
selective species
4.
A microscope is an instrument that.
a)
makes faraway objects look closer.
b)
makes small objects appear larger.
c)
decreases the size of small objects.
d)
increases the size of small objects.
5.

Which object will have the largest value for its potential energy?

a)
b)
c)
d)
6.

Potential energy is...

a)

energy in motion

b)

stored energy

7.

Which of the following describes the result of mitosis?

a)

2 identical, haploid cells

b)

4 non-identical haploid cells

c)

2 identical, diploid cells

d)

4 non-identical, diploid cells

8.

What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?

a)

Asexual produces genetically different offspring. Sexual produces genetically identical.

b)

Sexual produces offspring with fewer chromosomes. Asexual produces more.

c)

Sexual produces genetically different offspring. Asexual produces genetically identical.

d)

Sexual reproduction is quicker than asexual.

9.

What is a calorie?

a)

a measurement

b)

energy in food

c)

both

10.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
11.

Each strand of the double helix serves as a (a)   for a new strand.

12.
What is the ultimate ORIGINAL source of energy for living things
a)
Glucose
b)
Sun
c)
ATP
d)
Carbon Dioxide
13.

Which gender has an X and a Y chromosome?

a)

male

b)

female

14.

Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because......

a)

fathers pass the allele for colorblindness to their sons only

b)

the allele for colorblindness is located on the Y chromosome

c)

the allele for colorblindness is recessive and located on the X chromosome

d)

males who are colorblind have two copies of the allele for colorblindness

15.
Chromosome pairs 1-22 are referred to as
a)
sex chromosomes
b)
sister chromatids
c)
a karyotype
d)
autsomes
16.

Who is Gregor Mendel

a)

an Austrian Monk from the mid 1800s who contributed to the study of Genetics

b)

The scientist who discovered the structure of DNA

c)

a British scientist who discovered penicillin

d)

The scientist who used X-Ray Crystallography to shed light on the structure of DNA

17.

Which of these would be the complementary sequence of nitrogenous bases to the following DNA strand: AGGTCA

a)

GAACTA

b)

TCCAGT

c)

CTTGCC

d)

None of these are correct

18.

According to Chargaff's rule, there are equal numbers of certain nitrogenous bases in DNA due to base pairing. So if we were to inspect a molecule of DNA and 20% of it was composed of Cytosine, what percentage would be composed of Adenine?

a)

20%

b)

30%

c)

40%

d)

25%

19.

Process of cell division resulting in half the amount of chromosomes compared to parent cell

a)

Mitosis

b)

Both

c)

Meiosis

20.

Daughter cells are not identical to parent

a)

Mitosis

b)

Both

c)

Meiosis

21.

4 daughter cells

a)

Mitosis

b)

Both

c)

Meiosis

22.

Endosymbiotic Theory is the idea that ______ cells could have evolved from_____cells

a)

prokaryotic, eukaryotic

b)

eukaryotic, animal

c)

prokaryotic, plant

d)

eukaryotic, prokaryotic

23.

____________ & _________________ are organelles that definitely arose from endosymbiosis.

a)

Nucleus and cell membrane

b)

Chloroplast and mitochondria

c)

Mitochondria and nucleus

d)

Cell wall and chloroplast

24.

What are the building blocks (or monomers) of proteins?

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Monosaccharides

c)

Amino Acids

d)

Glycerols

25.

In total, there are ____ building blocks of proteins.

a)

20

b)

thousands

c)

millions

d)

4

e)

8

26.
What does "bilayer" mean?
a)
one layer
b)
two layers
c)
laminated
d)
bilateral
27.

The _______________ of the phospholipids in a cell membrane face inward towards each other.

a)

heads

b)

tails

c)

stems

d)

sticks

28.

Why is Dolly the sheep considered a clone?

a)

the source of Dolly's DNA is a single cell taken from an adult donor

b)

the DNA molecules in each of Dolly's cells are different

c)

Dolly has a mix of genes from her foster mother and the sheep that donated a nucleus of one of its cells

d)

Dolly is genetically identical to her offspring

29.
Carbohydrates are the first source of _______ for the body?
a)
repair
b)
hygiene
c)
fuel
30.
Different sugars all end in the suffix _____
a)
ly
b)
itis
c)
ose
d)
ion
31.
The simple sugar from fruit is called_____.
a)
sucrose
b)
lactose
c)
fructose
d)
maltose
32.
An example of a simple carbohydrate could be ________________.
a)
bread
b)
oatmeal
c)
cupcake
d)
pasta
33.
Which of these phases of mitosis take place first?
a)
anaphase
b)
telophase
c)
prophase
d)
metaphase
34.

What stage of mitosis is depicted here

a)

Prophase

b)

Anaphase

c)

Telophase

d)

Metaphase

35.

What two particles would you find in the nucleus of an atom?

a)

Protons and electrons

b)

Neutrons and electrons

c)

Protons and neutrons

d)

Electrons and negatrons

36.

Which one is the definition of active transport?

a)

movement of particles through the cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using energy in the form of ATP.

b)

passage of water molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration through a partially permeable membrane

c)

net movement of molecule from a region of higher concentration to region of lower concentration. Molecule down a concentration gradient

d)

net movement of molecule from a region of lower concentration to region of higher concentration. Molecule down a concentration gradient

37.
Cells sometimes use energy to transport materials across the cell membrane.  This is called
a)
photosynthesis
b)
osmosis
c)
cellular respiration
d)
active transport
38.

True or false?

Carbon dioxide is a waste product in animals.

a)

True

b)

False

39.

What are the products of photosynthesis?

a)

carbon dioxide and glucose

b)

oxygen and glucose

c)

water and carbon dioxide

d)

oxygen and carbon dioxide

40.

Oxygen is a byproduct of photosynthesis. What does this mean?

a)

It is a product that is important to plants

b)

It is a secondary (waste) product that the plant does not need

41.
What kind of cells are made in MEIOSIS?
a)
Haploid cells
b)
Diploid Cells
c)
Skin Cells
d)
Liver Cells
42.
A human zygote should have _____ chromosomes inside.
a)
46
b)
23
c)
92
d)
64
43.

A human being has a somatic (body) cell that has 46 chromosomes.  What is the haploid number found in a gamete?

a)
23
b)
46
c)
69
d)
92
44.
The phase in mitosis where chromosomes are pulled apart by spindles to opposite sides of the cell.
a)
prophase
b)
anaphase
c)
metaphase
d)
interphase
45.

The Law of Conservation of Energy states:

a)

Energy can created or destroyed but not transformed

b)

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only transformed

c)

Energy can't be created, destroyed or transformed

d)

Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

46.

What is the correct chemical equation for Cellular Respiration?

a)

C6H12O6 (Glucose) + H2O (Water) -----> CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) + H2O (Water) + ATP

b)

C6H12O6 (Glucose) + O2 (Oxygen) -----> CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) + H2O (Water) + ATP

c)

C6H12O6 (Glucose) + O2 (Oxygen) -----> CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) + H2O (Water) + ADP

47.

Structures in your cells that have specific functions, like your organs, are called...

a)

cell parts

b)

functionelles

c)

organelles

d)

organs

48.

Where can mRNA be found in the cell?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Both Nucleus and Cytoplasm

d)

Neither the Nucleus or the Cytoplasm

49.

What is the purpose of transcription?

a)

To copy DNA into a molecule of mRNA.

b)

To read a copy of mRNA to build a protien.

50.

The green fish offspring in this image is an example of ---

a)

Incomplete dominance

b)

Codominance

51.

Bacterial DNA that is often circular or in the shape of a ring is called a:

a)

Clone

b)

Plasmid

c)

Fragment

d)

Recombinant DNA

52.

PMAT helps us remember the correct order of the phases of Mitosis. Which of the following has the phases of Mitosis in the correct Order

a)

Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis

b)

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase

c)

Anaphase, Telophase, Prophase, Telophase

d)

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

53.
Which type of cell?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
54.

(a)   are the only examples of prokaryotes.

55.
How much of your DNA do you inherit from your mom?
a)
10%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
it varies
56.
What is a recessive allele?
a)
A trait that is always shown (capital letter)
b)
A trait that can be hidden (lower case letter)
c)
Alleles that are the same
d)
Alleles that are different
57.
Nucleotides are monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
58.
Why is cell division important?
a)
all living things are made up of cells
b)
it replaces worn out cells
c)
it helps one celled organisms reproduce
d)
all are correct
59.

A fertilized egg is also known as a(n)

(a)  

60.

An adaptation used for movement in the euglena.

a)

flagella

b)

eyespot

c)

cilia

d)

pseudopodia

61.
The ability to do work is....
a)
work
b)
power
c)
acceleration
d)
energy
62.

What is the nucleus?

a)

A part of the cell that tells everything else what to do.

b)

An organ that makes you healthy.

c)

A wall that protects everything in the cell.

63.
Genetic info flows in one direction. Which best represents this flow?
a)
DNA-protein-RNA
b)
Protein-RNA-DNA
c)
RNA-protein-DNA
d)
DNA-RNA-protein
64.

Explain the karyotype of this individual

a)

Male - no genetic defect

b)

Male - Down's Syndrome

c)

Female - no genetic defect

d)

Female - Down's Syndrome

65.

The trait that will always be expressed if one copy of an allele is present.

a)

recessive

b)

dominant

c)

co-dominant

66.
A molecule is made up of ____ or more atoms.
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
67.

In genetic …………………is an alteration in the nucleotide sequence of the genome

a)

Mutation

b)

Segregation

c)

Both

d)

None

68.
Movement of particles from high to low concentration. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
69.

Passive Transport is the movement of particles across the membrane from an area of [ ___ ] to an area of [ ___ ]

a)

high to low

b)

low to high

c)

low to low

d)

high to high

70.

Diffusion is the net movement of a substance traveling down its concentration gradient.

a)

True

b)

False

71.

The denser the solvent, the faster the molecules diffuse through the solvent.

a)

True

b)

False

72.

A substance with a greater mass will have a slower diffusion rate.

a)

True

b)

False

73.

for growth and repair

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

c)

Both

74.

Gel Electrophorsis is helpful in separating molecules based on their..

a)

Size

b)

Shape

c)

Charge

d)

Density

75.

Short, hair-like structure used for movement

a)

Flagella

b)

Centrioles

c)

Chromosomes

d)

Cilia

76.

GMO stands for

a)

Genetically Modeled Organisms

b)

Genetically Modified Organism

c)

I have no idea

77.

Which of the following is the process of using technology to create or modify living things?

a)

Biotechnology

b)

GMO

c)

Pest resistant crops

d)

Transpiration

78.
The shape of DNA.
a)
double helix
b)
nucleotide
c)
DNA polymerase
d)
single stranded
79.

In what organelle of plant cells does photosynthesis occur?

a)

mitochondria

b)

centrioles

c)

chloroplast

d)

ribosomes

80.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
81.
Which diagram best shows the end result of diffusion?
a)
F
b)
G
c)
H
d)
J
82.

The picture below is an example of _________________.

a)

osmosis

b)

isotonic

c)

diffusion

d)

active transport

83.

You are asked to explain the difference between a hypothesis, theory, and scientific law, which are terms used when discussing experiments, research, and scientific methodology. You know that each term has a distinct meaning, and the terms are not interchangeable. Match the descriptive phrase to the correct term.


Do not become laws.

a)

theory

b)

hypothesis

c)

scientific law

84.

You are asked to explain the difference between a hypothesis, theory, and scientific law, which are terms used when discussing experiments, research, and scientific methodology. You know that each term has a distinct meaning, and the terms are not interchangeable. Match the descriptive phrase to the correct term.


Highly reliable scientific explanation of events in the natural world that unifies many repeated observations.

a)

theory

b)

hypothesis

c)

scientific law

85.
From where do autotrophs obtain their energy?
a)
The sun
b)
Other organisms
86.

Where does food-making in the plant cell take place?

a)

Central Vacuole

b)

Chlorophyll

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Outside the cell

87.

Which of the following correctly lists the levels of biological organization from LARGEST and most complex to SMALLEST and least complex?

a)

atom, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

b)

cell, organism, organ system, organ, tissue

c)

organ system, organism, organ, tissue, cell, atom

d)

organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell, atom

88.

A flower's red color an example of a....

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

89.
What is the function of ATP in living things?
a)
provides energy for cells
b)
stores genetic information
c)
provides structure in the nucleus
90.
Which one of the following is not part of the cell theory?
a)
all living things are made of cells
b)
cells are the basic units of structure and function of living things
c)
new cells are produced from existing cells
d)
cells never die
91.

Which of the following is found in ALL cells and is the genetic material of the cell?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

DNA

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Nucleus

92.
This small structures break down materials in the cell.
a)
Cholorplasts
b)
Ribosomes
c)
Lysosomes
d)
Golgi Body
93.

What does the atomic number represent?

a)

The number of electrons

b)

The number of protons

c)

The number of neutrons

d)

The number of protons and neutrons together.

94.

If an intestinal (body) cell in a butterfly contains 24 chromosomes (diploid), a butterfly egg (haploid) cell would contain ___________

a)

3 chromosomes

b)

6 chromosomes

c)

12 chromosomes

d)

24 chromosomes

95.

Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?

a)

light + carbon dioxide + water --> glucose + oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide + sugar + water --> oxygen + light

c)

oxygen + light + water --> carbon dioxide + sugar

d)

carbon dioxide + oxygen + water --> Light+ Sugar

96.

Which of the following correctly lists the levels of organization from least complex to most complex?

a)

Community, Organism, Population, Ecosystem

b)

Population, Community, Ecosystem, Organism

c)

Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem

d)

Ecosystem, Population, Organism, Community

97.

What is it called when a group of the same organisms living together in the same place at the same time?

a)

An organism

b)

A population

c)

A community

d)

A biome

98.

Skin is often different colors due to the type & amount of pigment in your skin. The genetic condition albinism {albino} is when your body does not make pigment for your skin or eyes.

Dominant - Normal skin pigment - A

Recessive – no skin pigment {albino} – a

Paul has a recessive condition called albinism. His genotype is ___

a)

A A

b)

A a

c)

a a

d)

normal pigment

e)

albino - no pigment

99.
This type of inheritance pattern is a MIXTURE of both traits.
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
co-dominance
c)
Mendelian dominance
d)
complete dominance
100.
Incomplete dominance or co-dominance?
A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. 
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co-dominance
c)
Complete dominance
d)
Mendelian dominance
101.
If there is a cross of a red and white chicken, and the trait is co-dominant, what will be the result?
a)
a blended color
b)
a speckled chicken
102.
What is the pigment in chloroplasts that performs photosynthesis?
a)
Chlorosynthesis
b)
Chlorophyll
c)
ADP
d)
Electron Transport
103.
The function of the plasma membrane is....
a)
to regulate what enters and leaves the cell.
b)
fight bacteria and viruses that enter the cell.
c)
provide rigid support and protection to the cell.
d)
make sure each cell can move
104.

Which of the following statements about chromosomes is correct?

a)

Chromosomes are long, thread-like structures

b)

Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of all cells in the human body

c)

Chromosomes contain DNA

d)

All of the above

105.
Identify the stage of mitosis.
a)
interphase
b)
prophase
c)
metaphase
d)
anaphase
106.

Chromosome pairs line up at the equator (in the middle) during which phase of the cell cycle?

a)

Prophase

b)

Interphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Metaphase

107.
Mitochondria are...
a)
The location in cells where photosynthesis happens
b)
Kidney beans
c)
The location in cells where cellular respiration happens
d)
A type of pigment used for cellular respiration
108.
______________ are the basic unit of life.
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Cells
d)
Takis
109.

Which type of cell do humans have in their bodies?

a)

prokaryote

b)

eukaryote

c)

both

110.

Which of the following lists the two particles found together inside the nucleus of an atom?

a)

Photons and ions

b)

Neutrons and electrons

c)

Protons and neutrons

d)

Electrons and protons

111.

What is the monomer or building block of proteins?

a)

glucose

b)

nucleotides

c)

amino acids

d)

lipids

112.

Lactic Acid is what causes muscle soreness

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

113.

genes for traits located on sex chromosomes; if on the X (most likely), males only get 1 copy and females get 2

a)

Multiple Alleles

b)

Polygenic Inheritance

c)

Linked Genes

d)

Sex-Linked Traits

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