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Science of Superheroes Senior Final

Total questions: 80

Worksheet time: 3hrs 46mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

If an organism is created asexually, it will

a)

Have half of each of it's parents' genetic material

b)

Be genetically identical to it's parent

c)

Be genetically identical to the father

d)

Be genetically identical to the mother

2.

A mutation which adds an extra nucleotide where it does not need to be would be called what?

a)

Insertion

b)

Frameshift

c)

Deletion

d)

Shifting

3.

If one parent was homozygous recessive (aa) and the other was homozygous dominant (AA), what genotype would the offspring have?

a)

aa

b)

AA

c)

aaA

d)

Aa

4.

A codon is a

a)

Special type of protein

b)

Different name for mRNA

c)

Type of DNA

d)

Group of three nucleotides

5.

Which of these would be an acquired trait? Select all that apply

a)

Skin cancer

b)

Hair color

c)

Skin tone

d)

Scar on cheek

6.

What is RNA made from?

a)

Deoxyriibonucleic acid

b)

Codons

c)

Ribonucleic acid

d)

Titanium

7.

Which of these genotypes is heterozygous?

a)

hh

b)

Bb

c)

Hh

d)

AA

8.

If the gene for black fur (B) is dominant to the gene for brown fur (b), what would the phenotype be if the genotype is Bb?

a)

Dark brown

b)

Brown

c)

Black and brown splotches

d)

Black fur

9.

What are proteins made up of?

a)

DNA

b)

Amino acids

c)

Ribosomes

d)

RNA

10.

What happens in transcription?

a)

The cell divides, creating a copy of the DNA.

b)

The mRNA is read by the ribosomes, creating proteins.

c)

The DNA copies the mRNA, creating a new, exactly the same stand.

d)

The mRNA opens the DNA and copies it, making opposite nucleotides on the mRNA.

11.

The sides of DNA contain

a)

Sugar and phosphate

b)

Sugar and base pairs

c)

Phosphate and base pairs

d)

DNA does not have any sides

12.

The scientific name for the shape of DNA is

a)

Double

Helix

b)

Twisted ladder

c)

Spiral shape

d)

Double spiral

13.

Which of the following is NOT a nitrogen base in DNA?

a)

Adenine

b)

Glucose

c)

Cytosine

d)

Thymine

14.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
15.

What is a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a trait?

a)

nucleotide

b)

gene

c)

RNA

d)

protein

16.

A gene is a section of DNA that codes for...

a)

a protein which affects a characteristic

b)

a nucleotide

c)

a protein which affects a cytoplasm

d)

a phosphate

17.

How many homologous pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

a)

46

b)

23

c)

2

d)

none

18.

How many chromosomes do you inherit from each individual parent?

a)

23

b)

46

c)

2

d)

22

19.

How many total chromosomes do humans have?

a)

45

b)

23

c)

22

d)

46

20.
The physical appearance of an organism based on traits
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Meiosis
d)
Genetics
21.

The trait that will be expressed only if two copies of the allele are present.

a)

recessive

b)

dominant

c)

co-dominant

22.

The trait that will always be expressed if one copy of an allele is present.

a)

recessive

b)

dominant

c)

co-dominant

23.
Which of the following is homozygous dominant?
a)
Rr
b)
Hh
c)
ii
d)
DD
24.
Which of the following is heterozygous
a)
Dd
b)
dD
c)
DD
d)
dd
25.
Which of the following is homozygous recessive?
a)
rr
b)
AA
c)
TT
d)
Ff
26.
What are the nucleotides made of?
a)
Sugar, Phosphate, nitrogen base
b)
Phosphate, Adenine, nitrogen base
c)
Thymine, Adenine, Cytomine
d)
Phosphate, Nitrogen, Adenine
27.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
28.
The sugar in DNA is ?
a)
sucrose
b)
glucose
c)
deoxyribose
d)
fructose
29.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
30.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Denitrogenous acid
c)
Deribonucleic acid
d)
Diribonucleic acid
31.
Replicate the following strand of DNA: 
AATCATGGA
a)
AATCATGGA
b)
TTAGTACCT
c)
UUAGUACCU
d)
GGATAUCUA
32.
A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes is ___________
a)
Trait
b)
Gene
c)
Allele
d)
Dominant
33.
Punnett squares can be used to predict the probability of:
a)
being exposed to a contagious disease and contracting it
b)
having an inherited disease or a genetically determined physical trait
c)
Both
34.
This tool is used to organize all the possible combinations of offspring from particular parents
a)
lab
b)
codominance
c)
genetics
d)
Punnett Square
35.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
36.
What are the chances of a Tall Plant?     (R is Tall  and r is Small)
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
37.
The allele combinations
a)
genetics
b)
mitosis
c)
genotype
d)
phenotype
38.

Who are the people who played a major role in DNA and genetics?

a)

Gregor Mendel, Rosalind Franklin, James Watson, Francis Crick

b)

Gregor Mendel, Benjamin Franklin, James Watson Sherlock Holmes

39.

How does DNA replicate/copy itself?

a)

Carefully

b)

Semiconservatively

c)

Mitosis

d)

Xerox

40.

What did Rosalind Franklin contribute to the history of DNA?

a)

She made a model of DNA

b)

She used X-ray crystallography to take a photograph of DNA

c)

She died of cancer at 37

d)

She stole the photo of DNA

41.

Gregor Mendel...

a)

was known as the "Father" of genetics.

b)

discovered genes come in pairs one from each parent.

c)

is still alive today

d)

stars in the new movie with Dwayne Johnson and Kevin Hart

42.

This is a picture of ?

a)

Gene

b)

Chromosome

c)

Medicine

d)

Genotype

43.
Watson and Crick were the first to suggest that DNA is _____
a)
a short molecule
b)
the shape of a double helix
c)
a protein molecule
d)
the genetic material
44.
What did Erwin Chargaff conclude from his experiments?
a)
Nitrogen bases are held together by peptide bonds
b)
A and T, C and G always occur in equal amounts
c)
Proteins are the carriers of genetic information
d)
C and G rarely occur in eukaryotic organisms
45.
What is the probability of heterozygous offspring?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
0%
d)
100%
46.
What allele combination should go in the missing box?
a)
AA
b)
Aa
c)
aa
d)
none of these
47.

A heterozygous woman marries a heterozygous man. What is the chance of having a brown eye baby?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

e)

100%

48.
In pea plants, the tall allele is dominant to the short allele. What key would demonstrate this?
a)
Tall = T
Short = S
b)
Tall = T
Short = t
c)
Tall = t
Short = T
d)
Tall = TT
Short = tt
49.
Georgette wants to breed her pet phoenixes, but she isn't sure if the babies will burst into blue flames or red flames. Her documents show that her female phoenix is homozygous dominant for red flames, while her male phoenix is homozygous recessive for blue flames. What color flames will the babies have?
a)
Red
b)
Blue
c)
Purple
d)
50% Red, 50% Blue
50.
Bob the abominable snowman lives in the snowy Andes mountains. He has white fur, which blends in nicely. He is therefore dismayed when his mate keeps having red-furred babies. What is Bob's likely genotype?
a)
Homozygous Dominant
b)
Heterozygous
c)
Homozygous Recessive
51.

What does RNA have instead of thymine (T)?

a)

adenine (A)

b)

cytosine (C)

c)

guanine (G)

d)

uracil (U)

52.

A type of nucleic acid that carries the code for making proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm is called:

a)

DNA

b)

proteins

c)

RNA

d)

genes

53.

What are the three types of RNA?

a)

messenger RNA (mRNA)

b)

insertion RNA (iRNA)

c)

transfer RNA (tRNA)

d)

ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

54.

Where does translation occur?

a)

mitochondria

b)

cytoplasm

c)

nucleus

d)

ribosomes

55.
The human manipulation of individual genes within organisms.
a)
mutagen
b)
transcription
c)
phenotype
d)
genetic engineering
56.

What are three types of mutation?

a)

Insertion, Deletion, Subsitution

b)

Deletion, Newstion, Subsitution

c)

Newstion, Deletion, Insertion

d)

Insertion, Newstion, Substitution

57.
What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Frameshift 
58.

Copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA is MOST likely the definition for which term?

a)

Replication

b)

Base Pairing

c)

Transformation

d)

Bacteriophage

59.

An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of the DNA molecule is MOST likely the definition for which Term?

a)

messenger RNA

b)

Codon

c)

RNA

d)

DNA Polymerase

60.

single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose and makes proteins is MOST likely the definition for which Term?

a)

messenger RNA

b)

Codon

c)

RNA

d)

DNA Polymerase

61.

The type of RNA that combines amino acids to make proteins on the surface of ribosomes is MOST likely the definition for which Term?

a)

translation

b)

transcription

c)

transfer RNA

d)

ribosomal RNA

62.

The type of RNA that carries each amino acid to a ribosome during protein synthesis is MOST likely the definition for which Term?

a)

translation

b)

transcription

c)

transfer RNA

d)

ribosomal RNA

63.

The process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA is MOST likely the definition for which Term?

a)

translation

b)

transcription

c)

transfer RNA

d)

ribosomal RNA

64.

Different forms of a gene are called:

a)

Allegretto

b)

Allegro

c)

Alleles

d)

Andante

65.

These combinations of chromosomes are correct:

a)

XY : Guy/ Male

b)

XX : Lady/ Female

c)

XX : Guy/ Male

d)

XY: Lady/ Female

66.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

67.

Which of the following is the complementary mRNA sequence to this DNA strand: AACTGAA

a)

UUGACUU

b)

TTGACTT

c)

AACTGAA

d)

AACUGAA

68.
The process to go from DNA to mRNA is _______
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
replication
69.
The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____
a)
transcription
b)
rRNA
c)
replication
d)
translation
70.
Genetic info flows in one direction. Which best represents this flow?
a)
DNA-protein-RNA
b)
Protein-RNA-DNA
c)
RNA-protein-DNA
d)
DNA-RNA-protein
71.

How are DNA and RNA different? (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY)

a)

Only DNA can leave the nucleus

b)

RNA contains Thymine; DNA contains Uracil

c)

DNA is double stranded, RNA is a single stranded

d)

DNA contains Thymine, RNA contains Uracil

72.

Choose the sequence of the mRNA strand that would match up with to the following DNA strand:

GTACAT

a)

CATGTA

b)

GAUCUA

c)

CAUGUA

d)

CUTGTU

73.

How many different amino acids are there?

a)

10

b)

18

c)

20

d)

Thousands

74.

Use your amino acid chart: Which amino acid is created from the mRNA sequence AUG?

a)

Isoleucine

b)

Cysteine

c)

Methionine

d)

Tyrosine

75.

Use your amino acid chart: Which amino acid is created from the mRNA sequence UCU?

(a)  

76.

if a portion of a messenger RNA molecule contains the base sequence A-A-U, then the corresponding anit-codon on the tRNA base sequence is ___.

a)

A-A-U

b)

G-G-T

c)

T-T-A

d)

U-U-A

77.

Given the following mRNA sequence, determine the amino acid sequence.

AUGGCACGGAAGCAGUGA

a)

Met-Ala-Arg-Lys-Gln-Stop

b)

Met-Ala-Arg-Cys-Gln-Stop

c)

Met-Stop

d)

Met-Ala-Lys-Arg-Gln-Stop

78.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
79.
ATTTGAGCC- Original
ATTGAGCC - Mutated
The example above is an example of a 
a)
Insertion- Frameshift
b)
Deletion- Substitution
c)
Deletion -Frameshift
d)
All of the above
80.

In DNA replication, if the original sequence reads AATTTGCGCCCAAT, the complementary DNA strand would read?

a)

AAUUUCGCGGGUUA

b)

AATTTGCGCCCAAT

c)

TTAAACGCGGGTTA

d)

UUAAACGCGGGUUA

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