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APES Unit 5 & 6 Review (23-24)

Total questions: 88

Worksheet time: 48mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The geological layer, consisting of underground caverns and porous layers of sand, gravel, or bedrock, where groundwater flows, is called
a)
The zone of saturation
b)
Recharge point
c)
Aquifer
d)
bedrock
2.
All of the land that drains into a particular body of water is called a(n):
a)
watershed
b)
bedrock
c)
island
d)
aquifer
3.
The Mississippi River carries agricultural runoff to the Gulf of Mexico.  What phenomenon results?
a)
a dead zone
b)
regular flooding of the Mississippi delta
c)
return of mining refuse water
d)
Gold tides
4.
Which of the following is NOT one of the primary sources of groundwater contamination?
a)
Industry
b)
Agriculture
c)
Mining
d)
Lawn fertilizers
5.
Which of the following could be described as "non-point source" pollution?
a)
A farmer dumps her waste into a stream that runs through her property.
b)
A mining impoundment pond overflows.
c)
Over 100,000 acres of continuos farmland has water with excess levels of nitrates.
d)
Waste water from a nuclear plant spills into a nearby waterway.
6.
The Great Lakes are threatened.  Which of the following is a success story from the 2007 State of the Great Lakes Report?
a)
Native carnivorous fish numbers are increasing.
b)
Wetlands are being restored.
c)
Native species at the base of the food chain are increasing in size.
d)
Dissolved oxygen levels have improved.
7.
Streams and Rivers can cleanse themselves, why can't groundwater?
a)
It moves too quickly.
b)
It doesn't move quickly enough.
c)
It is too close to the surface to be adequately purified.
d)
It is too deep in the ground to be adequately purified.
8.
Coliforms are good indicator of:
a)
water quality
b)
invasive species
c)
parasites
d)
air quality
9.

Which of the following is NOT a problem with suburban sprawl?

a)

destruction of habitats

b)

loss of wetlands

c)

noise pollution

d)

air and water pollution

10.

Where is urban growth the fastest?

a)

highly developed countries

b)

moderately developed countries

c)

less developed countries

d)

developing countries

11.

Type of pollution found in urban areas

a)

light

b)

noise

c)

air

d)

all of these

12.

The systematic removal of rock or other substance for financial gain.

a)

smelting

b)

mining

c)

urban farming

d)

forestry

13.

A mineral or group of minerals from which we extract metal.

a)

metal

b)

ore

c)

magma

d)

overburden

14.

GMOs are leading to loss of original/ native plants because of cross breeding effecting genetic diversity

a)

true

b)

false

15.

Use of this method of control requires concentrations to be increased often because pest develop resistance

a)

GMOs

b)

Pestsides

c)

plant removal

d)

control burning

16.

The Green Revolution was

a)

a dramatic increase in crop yields in developing countries

b)

change to more sustainable agriculture

c)

way of fighting soil erosion

d)

power grab by the Green party in the 1980s

17.

Mining involves the _____________, _________________ and _________________ of minerals.

a)

Retrieving, Highjacking, and Selling

b)

Extraction, Refining, Processing

c)

Locating, Destroying and Incineration

d)

Extraction, Fermenting and Tasting

18.

Reclamation is the process of

a)

Removing coal from a subsurface seam

b)

Extracting ore minerals from gangue minerals

c)

Returning land to its original or better condition

d)

Protecting the habitats of local wildlife

19.

Which of the following is the leading use of water globally?

a)

Domestic/Residential

b)

Industry

c)

Business/Commercial

d)

Agriculture

20.

Which of the following type of tree harvesting is the most detrimental to the environment?

a)

Strip Cutting

b)

Selective Cutting

c)

Clear Cutting

d)

Partial Harvest

21.

Overgrazing of grasslands can lead to reduced range quality. Two of the major effects of overgrazing are

a)

erosion and desertification

b)

eutrophication and increased methane production

c)

higher fire potential and increased productivity

d)

higher primary productivity and ammonification

22.

Which type of fishing has high rates of bycatch and highly destructive of benthic communities.

a)

Pole Fishing

b)

Long Line Fishing

c)

Purse Seining

d)

Trawling

23.

Which is true about aquaculturing?

a)

The amount of aquacultured fish has decreased significantly in favor of wild-caught fish.

b)

Aquaculturing requires the same inputs as other forms of animal agriculture, including feed and antibiotics.

c)

Aquaculture operations do not affect the surrounding ecosystem in any adverse way.

d)

All of the above are true.

24.

The United States has established annual catch limits to ensure fishing stocks can recover each year. Which of these statements best describes how these limits are established?

a)

The catch limits are lower than the maximum sustainable yield

b)

The catch limits are equal to the maximum sustainable yield

c)

The catch limits are greater than the maximum sustainable yield

d)

Catch limits are based on consumer demand, not on the health of fish stocks

25.

__________________________ of a fishery is the highest amount of species that can be harvested without diminishing the populating in future years.

a)

Maximum Sustainable Yield

b)

Exclusive Economic zone

c)

Overexploited

26.

What is aquaculture?

a)

The study of saltwater and freshwater organisms for use in medicine

b)

The breeding of land plants and animals to be used as fish feed

c)

The breeding, raising and harvesting of both fresh and saltwater organisms

d)

The manufacturing of aquatic organisms into feed and fertilizer

27.

Crop rotation is used by organic farmers to preserve the qualities of the soil?

a)

YES

b)

NO

28.

Organic farming products are more expensive because farmers do not get as much out of their land as a conventional farmer?

a)

YES

b)

NO

29.
Fossil fuels are classified as nonrenewable because they.......
a)
require expensive equipment
b)
take millions of years to replace
c)
can be found all over 
d)
provide all the energy we use
30.
What gas is increasing in large amounts due to human activities?
a)
BP
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
oxygen
d)
diesel
31.
Why does too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere cause climate change?
a)
It cools down our planet.
b)
It blocks out UV rays.
c)
It traps heat and warms up our planet.
d)
It lets sunlight escape.
32.

Which is NOT a contaminant associated with CAFOs?

a)

Nitrogen

b)

Phosphorus

c)

Oil spills

d)

E. coli

33.

Excess nitrogen and phosphorous in waterways can cause

a)

Eutrophication

b)

CAFOs

c)

Asthma

d)

I know we've talked about this...

34.

When roots become saturated with water due to over-irrigation, it causes death in plant roots. This is called:

a)

salinization

b)

desertification

c)

agroforestry

d)

waterlogging

35.

When irrigation water evaporates, salts are left behind on the soil surface and can cause plant death or lead to

a)

soil salinization

b)

desertification

c)

waterlogging

d)

monocropping

36.

One of the advantages to using genetically modified organisms (GMOs) is

a)

reduce the need for pesticides

b)

they are not regulated by the government

c)

the concern about safety to consume

d)

they can cause food allergies

37.

Which of the following would be an environmental impact of high density animal farming?

a)

bad smells

b)

livestock can escape

c)

water pollution due to runoff

d)

improvement of feeding efficiency

38.

Which of the following methods could be used to reduce erosion in strip minning of coal?

a)

Only remove the low grade ore

b)

Increase use of open pit mining instead

c)

Replant vegetation after mining.

d)

Increase water use for mining purpose

39.

A sustainable solution to urban growth

a)

suburban growth

b)

stopping growth

c)

building up

d)

urban heat island

40.

Ore leftovers after valuable minerals have been removed

a)

tailings

b)

smelting piles

c)

extraction heap

d)

gravel

41.

Surface Mining and Control Reclamation Act

a)

mandates that miners give half of what they find to the government

b)

allows miners to place a stake on public land for $5 per acre

c)

mandates reclamation

d)

is meant to bankrupt mining companies

42.

Why mine tailings can be dangerous

a)

can cause miners to trip

b)

can be full of sharp objects

c)

can cause acid leaching into water bodies

d)

are full of conflict minerals

43.

This method of forestry management involves the removal of certain trees with disease or trees of a desired height for use in industry.

a)

clearcutting

b)

selective cutting

c)

controlled burning

d)

reforestation

44.

This method of forestry management involves the purposeful planting of trees in an area with an abandoned mine or cleared zone.

a)

clearcutting

b)

selective cutting

c)

controlled burning

d)

reforestation

45.

This method of forestry management reduces the probability of severe impacts from natural fires

a)

clearcutting

b)

selective cutting

c)

controlled burning

d)

reforestation

46.

A mechanism for preventing erosion by planting a row of trees adjacent to farmland

a)

windbreaks

b)

contour plowing

c)

groundcover crops

d)

no till agriculture

47.

A sustainable practice that requires farmers to leave the ground undisturbed when planting crops

a)

windbreaks

b)

contour plowing

c)

groundcover crops

d)

no till agriculture

48.

An erosion-prevention that requires perennial grass to be planted during times when there are no crops on the farmland

a)

windbreaks

b)

contour plowing

c)

groundcover crops

d)

no till agriculture

49.

Which of these best describes a practice that aligns with integrated pest management?

a)

increasing fertilizer use to improve crop yield per hectare

b)

introducing natural predators of a pest species to decrease their crop damage

c)

using pesticides earlier in the season to increase their effectiveness

d)

growing monocultures so that crops will be easier to manage

50.

Integrated pest management is likely to use all of the following EXCEPT

a)

crop rotation

b)

intercropping

c)

planting herbicide resistant crops

d)

using traditional chemical pesticides

51.

What are considered "the commons"

a)

Common house hold items like knifes, spoons, and forks.

b)

A renewable resource owned by no one and available for use by anyone at little or no charge

c)

A field where college students can sit outside in between classes

52.

Sustainability

a)

The process of maintaining resources so they are not depleted or permanently damaged.

b)

The ability to read minds

c)

The ability to save resources for years and years

53.

CAFOs provide a

a)

low-cost source of meat

b)

high-cost source of meat

54.

Which of the following is a drawback to wind energy? (Select all that apply)

a)

migration of birds being interrupted

b)

noise

c)

disrupts the landscape

d)

not available in all locations

55.

What is a drawback to hydroelectric power?

a)

fish being isolated on one side of the dam

b)

water in the reservoir becomes warm

c)

increases the dissolved oxygen

d)

increases the rate of nutrient flow downstream

56.

Which renewable energy does not require spinning a turbine?

a)

hydroelectric

b)

wind

c)

tidal

d)

photovoltaic cells

57.

A home is built with clear glass panels that allow sunlight to pass through. This is an example of

a)

Active solar

b)

Passive solar

c)

Parabolic collector

d)

Photovoltaic Cells

58.

What is given off as waste in a hydrogen fueled car?

a)

H2

b)

O2

c)

H2O2

d)

H2O

59.

A home is fitted with pumps that pipe water to the roof of the home to be heated by the sun. This is an example of

a)

passive solar

b)

active solar

c)

parabolic collector

d)

photovoltaic cell

60.

Which of the following is not a biofuel or a biomass?

a)

wood

b)

ethanol from corn

c)

dung

d)

methane

61.

If a tractor trailer truck is 20% efficient, what happened to the other 80%

a)

energy is destroyed

b)

energy is lost as heat

c)

the 80% is still in the gas tank

d)

energy is converted into matter

62.

The following are advantages of which type of energy?


· Cogeneration power plants can have efficiencies up to 60%

· Efficient for cooking, heating, etc.

· Fewer impurities than coal or oil

a)

Petroleum

b)

Coal

c)

Natural Gas

d)

Nuclear Energy

63.

The following are advantages of which type of energy?


· Emits no CO2

· Offers independence from imported oil

· High energy density, ample supply

a)

Petroleum

b)

Coal

c)

Natural Gas

d)

Nuclear Energy

64.

The following are disadvantages of which type of energy?


· Significant refining required

· Potential for spills on wildlife habitats

· Significant dust and emissions during construction of rigs and refineries

· Human rights/ environmental justice issues in developing countries that export

Will decrease in availability greatly within 40 years

a)

Petroleum

b)

Coal

c)

Natural Gas

d)

Nuclear Energy

65.

The following are disadvantages of which type of energy?


· Mining alters landscapes and endangers humans

· Plants are slow to reach full operating capacity

· Large contributor to acid rain

a)

Petroleum

b)

Coal

c)

Natural Gas

d)

Nuclear Energy

66.

The following are disadvantages of which type of energy?


· Risk of leaks/explosions

· 25x more effective as a greenhouse (warming) gas than CO2

· Low availability because pipelines are needed

a)

Petroleum

b)

Coal

c)

Natural Gas

d)

Nuclear Energy

67.

The following are pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions of which type of energy?


· Highest emitter of CO2

· Sulfur

· Trace amounts of toxic metals such as mercury

a)

Petroleum

b)

Coal

c)

Natural Gas

d)

Nuclear Energy

68.

The following are pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions of which type of energy?


· Radioactive waste

· Emissions from uranium mining

a)

Petroleum

b)

Coal

c)

Natural Gas

d)

Nuclear Energy

69.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of solar energy?
a)
It can only be used effectively in certain regions and certain times of day
b)
It produces greenhouse gases during use
c)
It is a nonrenewable energy source
d)
It is inexpensive compared to other sources
70.

All of the following are sites are where nuclear accidents have occurred EXCEPT

a)

Three Mile Island

b)

Chernobyl

c)

Fukushima

d)

Bhopal

71.

All of the following are renewable energy sources EXCEPT

a)

Wind

b)

Solar

c)

Nuclear

d)

Biomass

72.

Type of fuel source that causes DEFORESTATION

a)

Solar energy

b)

Nuclear fission

c)

Geothermal

d)

Biomass

73.

What is the half-life of Iodine 131?

a)

32 days

b)

24 days

c)

16 days

d)

8 days

74.
Most of the developing countries in the world depend on _______ for their main source of energy.
a)
renewable sources
b)
nuclear
c)
biomass (including wood, manure, etc)
d)
coal
75.

Natural gas is mostly made of which gas?

a)

oxygen

b)

methane

c)

hydrogen

d)

carbon dioxide

76.

Identify a method that can be used for both oil and natural gas extraction.

a)

mountain top removal

b)

strip mining

c)

hydraulic fracturing

d)

subsurface mining

77.

Identify the major concerns with hydrologic fracturing (fracking). Check all that apply

a)

groundwater contamination

b)

release of volatile organic compounds

c)

high water consumption

d)

release of methane

78.

Which emissions from coal and oil can lead to acid rain?

a)

carbon dioxide and water vapor

b)

sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides

c)

nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide

d)

particulates and carbon dioxide

79.
All of the following renewable resources are derived from the sun in some way EXCEPT
a)
biomass
b)
wind
c)
hydroelectric
d)
geothermal
80.
If Canada has a population of 35 million people and the annual consumption of petroleum in Canada is 12 barrels per capita, the total annual consumption is closest to 
a)
420 million
b)
420 billion
c)
5.4 billion
d)
540 million
81.
The major downside to hydraulic fracturing (fracking) is that
a)
the empty spaces left behind can result in earthquakes or buildings collapsing
b)
the equipment that is used is very cheap and often falls apart after a single use
c)
the fracking chemicals could get into aquifers and groundwater
d)
all of these 
82.
In nuclear power plants, the _________ are used to prevent a meltdown during nuclear fission.
a)
fuel rods
b)
control rods
c)
on site storage facilities 
d)
pellets of uranium
83.
Nuclear energy generates ________ waste instead of _____________.
a)
radioactive, air pollutants
b)
air pollutants, ash
c)
CO2, uranium ore
d)
radioactive, uranium ore
84.
How does biomass reduce our carbon footprint by producing less CO2 than fossil fuels?
a)
Plants absorb the same amount of CO2 that is released when it is burned.
b)
Plants remove CO2 from the atmosphere and put it permanently into the ground.
c)
Biomass filters CO2 to make it more environmentally stable.
d)
Biomass doesn't release any CO2 when burned.
85.
Heating and cooling buildings by exchange with shallow groundwater systems is considered a form of ___ energy.  
a)
geothermal
b)
solar
c)
kinetic
d)
potential
86.
What is and example of cogeneration?
a)
heat energy normally wasted is used to power a turbine
b)
a power plant that gets energy from both nuclear and hydroelectric
c)
a type of wind turbine that can be powered by wind or steam
d)
harvesting natural gas and petroleum from the same field
87.

For the diagram below, assume fracking has not been used with the oil and gas well. Which rock layer must be porous and have enough permeability for fluid to move through the layer?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

88.

Many environmentalists consider Egypt's Aswan High dam on the Nile River to be an ecological disaster. Which of the following is the best evidence to support this viewpoint?

a)

Creation of the dam flooded important archaeological sites

b)

Sardine populations near the Nile delta increased exponentially as a result of decreased annual rates of water flow

c)

The Aswan High Dam supplies one-third of the electrical power used in Egypt

d)

Most of the nutrient-rich silt that the Nile annually deposited downstream is now deposited behind the dam

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