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Anatomy Spring Final Review

Total questions: 93

Worksheet time: 1hrs 14mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Endocrine glands secrete _

a)

Hormones

b)

Neurotransmitters

c)

A wide range of chemical substances

2.
Which region of the brain is responsible for balance and fine motor skills?
a)
Frontal Lobe
b)
Parietal Lobe
c)
Cerebellum
d)
Brain Stem
3.
Which area of your brain stores visual and verbal memory?
a)
Frontal Lobe
b)
Occipital Lobe
c)
Parietal Lobe
d)
Temporal Lobe
4.
The brain and spinal cord make up the...
a)
Peripheral Nervous System
b)
Endocrine System
c)
Central Nervous System
5.
Signals that go from your brain to your muscles use which type of neuron?
a)
Afferent 
b)
Efferent
6.

Name the lobe labeled 'D'

a)

Frontal

b)

Parietal

c)

Temporal

d)

Occipital

7.
When you go to reach for a pencil and you miss the mark, you may have an impaired...
a)
Parietal Lobe
b)
Cerebellum
c)
Frontal Lobe
d)
Temporal Lobe
8.

Responsible for organization, problem solving, personality...

a)

Frontal

b)

Parietal

c)

Temporal

d)

Occipital

9.
Which lobe is shown in blue-
a)
Frontal
b)
Parietal 
c)
Occipital
d)
Temporal
10.
Controls motivational behaviors, including: feeding, fight-flight response
a)
Hippocampus
b)
Amygdala
c)
Reticular Formation
d)
Hypothalamus
11.
What is letter B
a)
Optic nerve
b)
Lens
c)
Cornea
d)
Retina
12.
What is letter E?
a)
Vitreous humor
b)
Retina
c)
Cornea
d)
Optic nerve
13.
What is the function of the pupil?
a)
Sends messages picked up by the retina to the brain
b)
The hole that controls the different amounts of light
c)
the colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil
d)
transparent jelly like fluid that fills the eye and refracts light
14.

The vitreous humor is

a)

gel like and gives the eyeball its shape

b)

watery and gives the eyeball its shape

15.

Identify the correct neuron on the left side of the diagram.

a)

Unipolar

b)

Bipolar

c)

Multipolar

d)

Relay

16.

What type of neuroglia cell myelinates neurons in the PNS?

a)

Oligodendrocyte

b)

Schwann

c)

Astrocyte

d)

Myelinate

17.

Identify structure #1

a)

Dendrite

b)

Axon

c)

Node of Ranvier

d)

Cell Body

18.
Neurotransmitters are released from the
a)
Dendrites
b)
Post-synaptic neuron
c)
Presynaptic neuron
d)
Axon
19.
When a neuron is not engaged in an impulse.
a)
Resting potential
b)
Action potential
c)
Neural potential
d)
Synaptic potential
20.
When a membrane potential reaches +30mV, ________ channels open, ________ occurs, and ________ channels close.
a)
Sodium, depolarization, potassium
b)
Potassium, depoloarization, sodium
c)
sodium, repolarization, potassium
d)
postassium, repolarization, sodium
21.

After depolarization what happens to restore resting potential?

a)

Sodium channels open & sodium ions diffuse out of the neuron.

b)

Potassium channels open & potassium ions diffuse into the neuron.

c)

Potassium channels open and potassium ions diffuse out of the neuron.

d)

Sodium channels open and sodium ions diffuse into the neuron.

22.

Sodium-potassium pump restores the concentration gradient by placing _____ Na+ ions ______________ and __________ K+ ________________ the membrane

a)

3:outside and 2:inside

b)

2:outside and 3:inside

c)

2:inside and 3:outside

d)

3;inside and 3;outside

23.

The area that helps deliver the physical speech using the mouth muscles is called the

a)

Broca's Area

b)

Wernicke's Area

24.

Pineal gland –

a)

produces a hormone (melatonin) that helps you go to sleep

b)

produces a hormone that stimulates the immune response in children

c)

hormone that increases blood

d)

decreases bone calcium levels

25.

What is the function of ovaries?

a)

control female characteristics and menstrual cycle

b)

control male characteristics

c)

produces hormones that control BSL (blood sugar level)

d)

control blood pressure

26.

What are the testes?

a)

control menstrual cycle

b)

produces hormones that control BSL (blood sugar level)

c)

control blood pressure

d)

control male characteristics

27.

What is the target cell?

a)

A cell that a hormone is specifically directed towards

b)

produces a large number of different hormones

c)

secretes digestive juices including enzymes

d)

secretes molecular messengers

28.

What type of signaling is this an example of?

a)

Paracrine

b)

Autocrine

c)

Exocrine

d)

Endocrine

29.

A hormone is _____________________.

a)

a chemical substance produced by a gland and carried by the lymph.

b)

an enzyme produced by a gland and carried by the blood.

c)

a chemical substance produced by an organ and carried by the blood.

d)

a chemical substance produced by a gland and carried by the blood.

30.

Identify the endocrine gland/part shown by letter C

a)

Pineal

b)

Hypothalamus

c)

Pituitary

d)

Parathyroid

31.

Identify the endocrine gland/part shown by letter C

a)

Ovaries

b)

Adrenal

c)

Testes

d)

Pancreas

32.

Identify the endocrine gland/part shown by letter A

a)

Ovaries

b)

Adrenal

c)

Testes

d)

Pancreas

33.
Hypothyroidism
a)
A condition of hyposecretion of the thyroid gland causing low Thyroxine levels in the blood that result in sluggishness, slow pulse, and often obesity.
b)
Symptoms include excessive urination, thirst, and hunger. There are two types of diabetes.
c)
Secreted by the Anterior Pituitary Gland; stimulates milk production from mammary glands.
d)
results when the pancreas produces insulin, but not enough to meet the needs of the body. This type of diabetes is linked with obesity and is most common in adults over the age of 45. Treatment may involve oral medication, exercise, weight loss, and insulin injections.
34.

The atria are the _________ chambers in the heart.

a)

upper

b)

bottom

c)

right-sided

d)

left-sided

35.

The largest ventricle in the heart is the ______ ventricle.

a)

left

b)

right

36.
Blood enters the heart at the ....
a)
Right Atrium
b)
Left Atrium
c)
Right Ventricle
d)
Left Ventricle
37.
What is the name of the part labelled 2?
a)
Right Atrium
b)
Left Atrium
c)
Right Ventricle
d)
Left Ventricle
38.
What is the function of a valve?
a)
Helps blood to clot
b)
Keeps blood flowing in all directions
c)
Keeps blood flowing in one direction
d)
Stops blood from flowing
39.
Oxygen-poor blood arrives to the heart from the the body via the _____.
a)
aorta
b)
pulmonary arteries
c)
superior and inferior vena cava
d)
pulmonary veins
40.
Which part of the heart is this?
a)
Aorta
b)
Pumonary Vein
c)
Pulmonary Artery
d)
Left Atrium
41.
During the Cardiac Cycle, Ventricular systole is when what happens?
a)
The Left Ventricle contracts
b)
When the Right Ventricle contracts
c)
When the Atria contract
d)
When both Ventricles contract
42.

What is in blood that are cell fragments that help in the process of clotting?

a)

Red blood cells

b)

White blood cells

c)

Plasma

d)

Platelets

43.

The fluid in which other parts of the blood are suspended

a)

Platelets

b)

Blood

c)

Plasma

d)

Hemoglobin

e)

White Blood Cells

44.

The oxygen-carrying protein in blood

a)

Platelets

b)

Blood

c)

Plasma

d)

Hemoglobin

e)

White Blood Cells

45.
An EKG is actually
a)
A ratio
b)
An equation
c)
A time frame
d)
A graph 
46.

#2

a)

pulmonary artery

b)

pulmonary veins

c)

aorta

d)

superior vena cava

47.

#7

a)

mitral/bicuspid valve

b)

tricuspid valve

c)

aortic valve

d)

pulmonary valve

48.
Order the phases an action potential travels in the conduction system
a)
SA node--> AV bundle branches--> AV node--> Purkinje fibers
b)
SA node--> AV node--> AV bundle branches-->  Purkinje fibers
c)
Av bundle branches--> AV node--> SA node--> Purkinje fibers
d)
Purkinje fibers--> SA node--> AV node--> AV bundle branches
49.
 This triggers contraction in the atria
a)
SA node
b)
AV node
c)
QT node
d)
AV Bundles
50.

After reviewing an electrocardiogram the nurse determines that an electrical impulse originated in a patient’s the sinoatrial node. What did the nurse see on this tracing?

a)

An upright T wave

b)

An inverted T wave

c)

A positive P wave before a QRS complex

d)

A negative P wave before a QRS complex

51.

The nurse is assessing the client’s electrocardiography (ECG). What does the P wave on the ECG tracing represent?

a)

Contraction of the atria

b)

Contraction of the ventricles

c)

Depolarization of the atria

d)

Depolarization of the ventricles

52.

In a scenario where Emma is practicing for her upcoming track event, which part of her heart acts as the pacemaker to regulate her heart rate?: 

a)

SA node

b)

AV node 

c)

Purkinje Fibers

d)

Bundle branches 

53.

Highest pressure against blood vessels. Represented by first heat sound

a)

diastolic pressure

b)

systolic pressure

c)

hypotension

d)

hyperstension

54.

Which of the following blood pressure readings would be indicative of hypertension:

a)

120/80

b)

110/60

c)

170/96

d)

140/90 in a 60-year-old woman

55.

The 120 in the reading 120/80 represents the:

a)

systolic pressure

b)

arterial pulse

c)

diastolic pressure

d)

hypertension

56.

Hemostasis

a)

is a blood clotting process

b)

produces red blood cells

c)

produces platelets

d)

is inability to produce platelets

57.

A child's blood is type B. One parent's blood is type B. What are the possible blood types the other parent could have? Select all that apply.

a)

AO

b)

BO

c)

AB

d)

OO

58.

A mother is type AB blood and a father is type AB blood. What are the possible blood types the child could receive? Select all that apply.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

AB

d)

O

59.

The image represents a patient's blood type. What blood types can the patient receive?

a)

O-, AB-, A-, B-

b)

O+, AB-, A-, B-

c)

Only O-

d)

All Types

60.

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

a)

Gas Exchange 

Breathing

Listening

Olfactory Assistance

Vision

b)

Gas Exchange 

Breathing

Sound Production.

Digestion Assistance

Protection

c)

Gas Exchange 

Breathing

Sound Production.

Olfactory Assistance

Protection

d)

Gas Production 

Breathing

Sound Production.

Olfactory Assistance

Muscular Development

61.

What is B pointing to in this diagram?

a)

nasal cavity

b)

pharynx

c)

trachea

d)

alveoli

62.

What is A pointing to in this diagram?

a)

larynx

b)

pharynx

c)

nasal conchae

d)

bronchi

63.

What is E pointing to in this diagram?

a)

nasal cavity

b)

lung

c)

diaphragm

d)

trachea

64.

Label the respiratory system.

a)

Diaphragm

b)

Lung

c)

Trachea

d)

Bronchiole

e)

Alveoli

1
2
3
4
5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
65.

During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and moves in which direction?

a)

Upwards

b)

Downwards

c)

Sideways

d)

It does not move

66.

What is the correct path of airflow into the respiratory system?

a)

Nasal cavity → Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveoli

b)

Nasal cavity → Larynx → Pharynx → Trachea → Bronchioles → Bronchi → Alveoli

c)

Pharynx → Nasal cavity → Larynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Alveoli → Bronchioles

d)

Nasal cavity → Pharynx → Trachea → Larynx → Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveoli

67.
When the diaphragm contracts...
a)
the volume of the thoracic cavity increases and the pressure decreases, causing air to rush into the lungs.
b)
the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases and the pressure increases causing air to rush out of the lungs. 
68.

According Boyle's law if pressure increases, volume

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

remains the same

69.

While observing a biology class experiment, Evelyn notes that during a particular action, the chest cavity of a subject decreases in size. According to her observation, the person would be

a)

Exhaling

b)

Inhaling

70.

According the diagram which statement is true?

a)

The pulmonary pressure is greater than the atmospheric pressure.

b)

The pulmonary pressure is lesser than the atmospheric pressure.

c)

The pulmonary pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure.

d)

The atmospheric pressure is greater than the pulmonary pressure.

71.

Which of these organs is not considered an accessory digestive structure?

a)

Mouth

b)

Salivary glands

c)

Pancreas

d)

Liver

72.

What is the last section of the small intestine, before it empties into the large intestine, called?

a)

Duodenum

b)

Stomach

c)

Jejunum

d)

Ileum

73.

Enzymes are necessary for digestion; ______ is produced to break down fats.

a)

Nuclease

b)

Lipase

c)

Carbohydrase

d)

Maltase

74.

The chief digestive enzyme in the stomach is ______.

a)

Bile

b)

Tripsyn

c)

Pepsin

d)

Chyme

75.

Which parts of the diagram is the small and large intestine?

a)

A~ small intestine

E~ large intestine

b)

D~ small intestine

E~ large intestine

c)

C~ large intestine

B~ small intestine

d)

A~ large intestine

C~ small intestine

e)

E~ small intestine

D~ large intestine

76.
What organ is this?
a)
stomach
b)
large intestine
c)
small intestine
d)
esophagus
77.

When food is broken down by enzymes or acid, __________ digestion is taking place.

a)

Chemical

b)

Mental

c)

Emotional

d)

Mechanical

78.

What is the correct order of processes by which nutrients, energy, and waste from food are handled by organisms?

a)

ingestion -->digestion-->absorption-->elimination

b)

elimination-->digestion-->absorption-->ingestion

c)

absorption-->ingestion-->digestion-->elimination

d)

ingestion-->digestion-->elimination-->absorption

79.

The diagram below shows a system in the human body. Four parts of the system are numbered. Which of the following correctly identifies the four numbered parts?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

80.

Bile and pancreatic juices are secreted into the _______________ of the small intestines for final digestion.

a)

Ileum

b)

Duodenum

c)

Jejunum

d)

Sigmoid

81.

Identify structure #16

a)

Transverse colon

b)

Sigmoid Colon

c)

Anus

d)

Cecum

82.

A person who lacks the ability to absorb water which leads to dehydration and even death is called

a)

Dysentary

b)

Lactose Intolerance

c)

Hemorroids

d)

Chrohns Diesease

83.
Urine production takes place in the:
a)
nephrons
b)
bladder
c)
ureter
d)
renal pelvis
84.

The correct order for the renal tubule is:

a)

proximal tubule, collecting duct, distal tubule, nephron loop

b)

distal tubule, loop of Henle, proximal tubule, collecting duct

c)

proximal tubule, nephron loop, distal tubule, collecting duct

d)

collecting duct, proximal tubule, nephron loop, distal tubule

85.
What would you find inside the glomerulus?
a)
Urea
b)
Urine
c)
Blood
d)
Lymph
86.
What is #4?
a)
Kidney
b)
Ureter
c)
Bladder
d)
Urethra
87.
What is #2?
a)
Kidney
b)
Ureters
c)
Bladder
d)
Urethra
88.

What is the functional unit of the kidneys?

a)

Neuron

b)

Nephron

c)

Neuroglial Cells

d)

Ureters

89.

Place the following in correct sequence from the formation of a drop of urine to its elimination from the body.


1. major calyx

2. minor calyx

3. nephron

4. urethra

5. ureter

6. collecting duct

a)

3, 1, 2, 6, 5, 4

b)

6, 3, 2, 1, 5, 4

c)

2, 1, 3, 6, 5, 4

d)

3, 6, 2, 1, 5, 4

90.

Identify structure E.

a)

Renal Vein

b)

Rein Artery

c)

Renal Pelvis

d)

Renal Medulla

91.

Identify structure B

a)

Renal Vein

b)

Rein Artery

c)

Renal Cortex

d)

Renal Medulla

92.

Structure#6

a)

Renal Column

b)

Major Calyx

c)

Renal Pelvis

d)

Renal Pyramid

93.

Name structure C

a)

Distal convoluted tubule

b)

Proximal convoluted tubule

c)

Loop of henle

d)

Glomerulus

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