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Practice for Changes in the Earth's Surface

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The natural chemical or physical processes that breaks down rock on Earth's surface.
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
jackhammering
2.
The process by which water, ice, wind or gravity moves weathered rock and soil from one place to another.
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
dumptruck
3.
How might a weathered mountain appear different than an unweathered mountain?
a)
Weathered mountain would be taller.
b)
Weathered mountain would be rounder and less jagged.
c)
Weathered mountain would be more jagged and less rounded.
d)
Weathered mountain would have no trees.
4.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks?  The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place
b)
makes the rocks last longer
c)
expands cracks and breaks rocks
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides
5.
How do plants weather rocks?
a)
during photosynthesis
b)
when roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock
c)
when the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves
6.

What is weathering?

a)

Breaking rock into smaller pieces

b)

Moving material around the Earth's surface

c)

The build up of land

d)

Features on the surface of the Earth

7.

What is erosion?

a)

Breaking rock into smaller pieces

b)

Moving broken pieces of rock around the Earth's surface

c)

The build up of land

d)

Features on the surface of the Earth

8.

What is deposition?

a)

Breaking rock into smaller pieces

b)

Moving broken pieces of rock around the Earth's surface

c)

The build up of land

d)

Features on the Earth's surface

9.

What are landforms?

a)

Breaking rock into smaller pieces

b)

A triangle shaped landform at the mouth of a river

c)

A deep gorge with steep sides formed by moving water

d)

Features on the Earth's surface

10.

What is a delta?

a)

A triangle shaped landform at the mouth of a river

b)

A deep gorge with steep sides that can be formed by moving water

c)

Features on the Earth's surface

d)

The movement of rock and sand around the Earth

11.

What is a canyon?

a)

A triangle shaped landform at the mouth of a river

b)

A deep gorge with steep sides that can be formed by moving water

c)

The build up of land by depositing soil

d)

The movement of weathered material around the Earth's surface

12.

How is a sand dune formed?

a)

Wind erosion and deposition

b)

Water weathering and deposition

c)

Wind weathering and erosion

d)

Ice erosion and deposition

13.

How is a U-shaped Valley formed?

a)

A river flowing

b)

A glacier sliding

c)

A volcanic eruption

d)

Deposition of rock

14.

How is a V-shaped Valley formed?

a)

A Glacier sliding

b)

A River flowing

c)

Wind carrying dirt

d)

Deposition

15.

What is a glacier?

a)

Wind erosion carving out rock

b)

A block of snow on top of water

c)

A moving block of ice on top of land

d)

Water weathering breaking down rock

16.

Does a volcano change the Earth's surface quickly or slowly?

a)

Quick

b)

Slow

17.

Does an earthquake change the Earth's surface quickly or slowly?

a)

Quick

b)

Slow

18.

What other event can change the Earth's surface quickly?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Landslide

19.
What is the process that picks up and moves weathered rocks?
a)
Erosion
b)
Landslide
c)
Weathering
20.
What is an enormous mass of ice moving over land, causing weathering of rock and soil?
a)
A glacier
b)
An iceberg
c)
An ice wedge
d)
A sand dune
21.
What is the wearing away or breaking down of rocks called?
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Glaciers
22.
Weathering and erosion are the same thing.
a)
True
b)
False
23.
Wind blasting sand at rock and carving out caves
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
24.
Wind blowing sand from one location to another
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
25.
Over long periods of time, deposition may change the Earth’s surface by _____.
a)
forming new land features.
b)
breaking down large rocks into smaller ones.
c)
washing away beaches.
d)
moving topsoil.
26.
Deposition changes the Earth’s surface because bits of broken rock and soil _____.
a)
stop rivers from flowing.
b)
make rich farmlands.
c)
are dropped in new places.
d)
move very slowly.
27.
Layers of sediment forming at the bottom of the ocean floor is an example of
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Awesome Science
28.

A delta is an example of

a)

Erosion

b)

Weathering

c)

Sediment

d)

Deposition

29.

This picture of a delta is an example of

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Abrasion

30.

Sand dunes are example of

a)

dryness

b)

wind

c)

weathering

d)

deposition

31.

_____________________ happens when rocks on Earth's surface break apart or change without moving anywhere.

a)

Erosion

b)

Weathering

c)

Deposition

32.

_____________________ is the movement of soil and rock by wind, water, ice, and gravity.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

33.

______________________ occurs when eroded materials stop moving and begin to build up.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

34.

Eroded materials are called _______________________.

a)

constructive

b)

chemical weathering

c)

sediments

35.

The Grand Canyon was caused by _____________________ erosion from the Colorado River.

a)

water

b)

wind

36.

Landslides erode and ____________ dirt and rock because what gets moved must get dropped off.

a)

move

b)

dissolve

c)

deposit

37.

The movement of water in a river causes the rocks to become ______________ over time.

a)

smaller/smoother

b)

larger/rougher

38.

How can a volcano be both constructive and destructive?

a)

It's both constructive and destructive because it can form sand dunes and cause erosion.

b)

It's both constructive and destructive because the plate tectonics push the land forward and breaks apart other land.

c)

It's both constructive and destructive because it builds up land like islands and destroys land and vegetation from the lava.

d)

It is not both constructive and destructive.

39.

Is a sea arch created by a constructive or destructive process?

a)

Constructive

b)

Destructive

40.

Are canyons created by a constructive or destructive process?

a)

Constructive

b)

Destructive

41.

Are river deltas created by a constructive or destructive process?

a)

Constructive

b)

Destructive

42.

Students are studying the constructive and destructive processes that shape Earth's surface. The teacher separates the students into five groups. She asks each group to build a model that represents either a constructive or a destructive process. Which description best summarizes the process shown in group Z's model?

a)

a constructive process of sand being deposited by gravity

b)

a constructive process of sand being deposited by wind

c)

a destructive process of sand being removed through erosion

d)

a destructive process of sand being removed through weathering

43.

Which statement is correct about the modeled picture?

a)

It shows a destructive process formed through deposition.

b)

It shows a destructive process formed through erosion.

c)

It shows a constructive process formed through erosion.

d)

It shows a constructive process formed through deposition.

44.

A student claims that some landforms can be created quickly through constructive processes. Which example should she choose as an argument to BEST support her claim?

a)

She should choose a canyon that can be created by flowing water carving through rock.

b)

She should choose an island that can be created by cooling lava from a volcano eruption.

c)

She should choose a delta that can be created by depositing sand at the mouth of a flowing river.

d)

She should choose a valley that can be created by a glacier changing the landscape as it retreats.

45.

Hailey has to design a model for science class. Her model must show a destructive process that changes the surface of the Earth. From which of the following choices could Hailey choose to show destructive processes for her model?

a)

canyon, sea arch, mountain, erosion

b)

mountain, river delta, weathering, deposition

c)

canyon, sea arch, weathering, erosion

d)

canyon, sea arch, weathering, deposition

46.

Naomi looks at pictures of a beach shoreline before and after a major hurricane. She notices that after the hurricane, the ocean seems closer to the mountain. What could explain the difference between the two pictures?

a)

The hurricane caused erosion on the beach.

b)

The hurricane increased the sand on the beach.

c)

The sand evaporated after the hurricane.

d)

The water evaporated after the hurricane.

47.

A group of students were observing the land around the creek near their school. Each student was asked to explain the natural processes that had shaped the creek and the land around it. Which is the best argument to explain what happened?

a)

It was a fast constructive process caused by the wind.

b)

It was a fast destructive process caused by a glacier.

c)

It was a slow destructive process caused by the movement of water.

d)

It was a slow constructive process caused by earthquakes.

48.

The image is a picture of Horseshoe Bend in Arizona. Which of the following best explains how Horseshoe Bend was created?

a)

Horseshoe Bend was created by constructive forces. Over time, soil was deposited on the edges of the Colorado River to build up the surrounding land.

b)

Horseshoe Bend was created by constructive forces. Wind brought sediment from the surrounding desert to build giant sand dunes around the Colorado River.

c)

Horseshoe Bend was created by destructive forces. The Colorado River slowly weathered the surrounding area and eroded its sediment down the river.

d)

Horseshoe Bend was created by destructive forces. Ancient glaciers melted and left behind a huge cavern and the Colorado River.

49.

Which of the following changes to the Earth is caused by moving water?

a)

A new island forms in the middle of an ocean.

b)

A plain becomes a deep canyon with steep walls.

c)

A sand dune shifts from one location to another.

d)

A mountain grows taller over a thousand years.

50.

How do glaciers change land?

a)

They can wear away mountains and leave behind valleys.

b)

They stop erosion of land by blocking rivers and streams.

c)

They drop off sediment and form river deltas.

d)

They move very quickly and break everything in their path.

51.

A scientist was studying a type of event that occurred on Earth in various places within a 30-day period. The circles indicate where the events happened.

What type of event do the circles on the map most likely represent?

a)

Landslides, because they are all located along ocean coastlines.

b)

Volcanoes, because they occur only near the equator.

c)

Floods, because heavy rains can make riverbeds deeper and create deltas.

d)

Earthquakes, because they occur on land and on the ocean floor.

52.

A group of students is building a model to show how water from melting glaciers moves toward the ocean.  They put clay, water, and ice cubes into a plastic bin.  They place a heat lamp next to the bin. Which of the following would most likely help them show how water from melting glaciers moves in their model?

a)

using colored water to represent the water in the ocean

b)

using colored water to make the ice cubes that represent the glaciers

c)

using different colors of clay to represent dry land and the bottom of the ocean

d)

using different colors of light to represent sunlight shining on the glaciers and dry  land

53.

Where is one most likely to find rocks that have become smooth and rounded?

a)

At the bottom of an ocean

b)

Deep within Earth

c)

On the top of a hill

d)

In a fast-moving river

54.

Which of these is an example of deposition?

a)

Acids eating into rock

b)

Landslides falling down mountain sides

c)

Plant roots breaking apart rock

d)

Wind building sand dunes

55.

What causes Earth’s surface to shake during an earthquake?

a)

The downhill movement of rocks and soil

b)

A fault disappearing into Earth’s crust and soil

c)

The release of energy along a fault

d)

A tsunami crashing into a coastline

56.

Why is weathering a destructive process?

a)

It moves material from one place to another.

b)

It wears down Earth’s surface.

c)

It builds up Earth’s surface

d)

It involves energy.

57.

The strange shape of the rock formation shown below is most likely the result of which of the following?

a)

A landslide

b)

Gradual weathering

c)

A volcanic eruption

d)

An earthquake

58.

This natural formation has been eroded out of the face of a cliff by marine (water) processes.

a)

Sea Arch

b)

Canyon

c)

Sand Dune

d)

Alluvial Fan

59.

(a)   can be both constructive and destructive when they erupt.

60.

What is the name of a place where tectonic plates meet and show movement?

a)

Glacier

b)

The core

c)

Fault

d)

Deposition