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Unit 4: Human Impact on the Environment

Total questions: 145

Worksheet time: 1hrs 26mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

True or False:

Deforestation can lead to loss of animal habitats.

(a)  

2.

True or False:

Deforestation can lead to soil erosion.

(a)  

3.

Deforestation can lead to increases in Earth's average surface temperature.

True or False

(a)  

4.

Which of the following does NOT help to make acid precipitation?

a)

car exhaust

b)

sulfur and nitrogen gas

c)

water and oxygen in the atmosphere

d)

a decrease in the pH of a lake

5.

Which best describes something that would decrease the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

a)
Burning fossil fuels
b)
Increasing industrial emissions
c)
Clearing more land for agriculture
d)

Planting more trees to increase the size of a National Forest and reducing deforestation

6.

Which does NOT describe acid precipitation?

a)
Acid precipitation is caused by excessive carbon dioxide emissions.
b)

It can form when moisture combines with sulfur dioxide from power plants.

c)

It increases when air pollution levels are low.

d)

It can be rain or snow.

7.

True or False

Spraying with water to clear leaves off a porch is a good way to conserve water.

(a)  

8.

Which describes an effect of laws like the US Clean Water Act and the Safe Water Drinking Act?

a)
They have a negative effect on reducing water pollution and ensuring access to safe drinking water.
b)
They have no effect on water pollution and access to safe drinking water.
c)

They are a step toward reducing water pollution.

d)
They have a minimal effect on reducing water pollution and ensuring access to safe drinking water.
9.

The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is a large area of floating trash in the Pacific Ocean that is caused, in part, by ocean currents. Which is a step people can take to minimize its effect on Earth's water?

a)

Design new and better ways to recycle.

b)
Use more single-use plastics
c)
Dump plastic waste in landfills
d)
Recycle all plastic waste
10.

Which of the following causes air pollution?

a)

volcanic eruptions

b)

forest fires

c)

burning fossil fuels

d)

all of these

11.

Decreasing the use of fossil fuels like coal and oil will decrease all of the forms of air pollution except:

a)
Industrial sources of air pollution
b)
Vehicle emissions
c)

CFC's

d)

Particulate Matter

12.

Photochemical smog is caused when nitrogen and carbon react in sunlight. Which describes a way humans can decrease the amount of photochemical smog?

a)
Planting more trees
b)
Increasing nitrogen and carbon emissions
c)

Using sources of energy other than fossil fuels

d)
Using more sunlight
13.

Plants need light from the sun in order to go through photosynthesis. Which type of air pollution would most likely decrease the amount of sunlight a plant can absorb?

a)

acid precipitation

b)

Particulate matter

c)

CFC's

d)
Carbon dioxide
14.

What is given off when gas, oil and coal are burned?

a)
oxygen
b)
carbon dioxide (CO2)
c)
water vapor
d)
nitrogen
15.

True or False:

The rise in Earth's average surface temperature during the past 10 years is often called global warming.

(a)  

16.

Which of the following is a way a 13 year old in America can help control greenhouse gases?

a)

all of these

b)

planting trees

c)

recycling

d)

conserve electricity

17.

Which describes a recyclable object?

a)

It is an example of a positive impact people can have on the environment.

b)

All of these describe recyclable objects.

c)

It is suitable to be processed and used again.

d)

It is a way of helping to fix the problems humans have caused in Earth's environment.

18.

True or False:

Human activities have both negative and positive impacts on the environment.

(a)  

19.

Petroleum is a fossil fuel used to make plastic. Which idea would best reduce the environmental impact of plastics and fossil fuels at the same time?

a)
Encourage the use of single-use plastics
b)
Invest in research and development of new fossil fuel extraction methods
c)

Convert plastic bags into fuel for cars, trucks and planes

d)
Increase the production of petroleum-based plastics
20.

Part of the environment that supplies material useful or necessary for the survival of living things.

a)

natural resources

b)

conservation

c)

global warming

d)

coral bleaching

21.

The removal of large areas of forests for human purposes.

a)

pollution

b)

aquifer

c)

deforestation

d)

climate

22.

The development of towns and cities on previously natural areas.

a)

Air pollution

b)

Recalamation

c)

Urbanization

d)

Greenhouse

23.

The contamination of the environment with substances that are harmful to life.

a)

coral bleaching

b)

pollution

c)

aquifer

d)

climate change

24.

The careful use of Earth's materials to reduce damage to the environment.

a)

conservation

b)

confirmation

c)

smog

d)

precipitation

25.

Process of planting trees to replace trees that have been cut or burned down.

a)

reclamation

b)

reforestation

c)

urbanization

d)

deforestation

26.

A process in which mined land is restored with soil and replanted with vegetation.

a)

air pollution

b)

climate change

c)

reforestation

d)

reclamation

27.

An area of permeable sediment or rock that holds significant amounts of water.

a)

Greenhouse Effect

b)

Global Warming

c)

Aquifer

d)

Water

28.

The contamination of air by harmful substances including gases and smoke.

a)

Smoke

b)

Air Pollution

c)

Particulate Matter

d)

Aquifer

29.

Air pollution that forms from the interaction between chemicals in the air and sunlight.

a)

Air Pollution

b)

Particulate Matter

c)

Urbanization

d)

Photochemical Smog

30.

The mix of both solid and liquid particles in the air.

a)

Acid Precipitation

b)

Photochemical Smog

c)

Particulate Matter

d)

Pollution

31.

Precipitation that has a lower pH than that of normal rainwater.

a)

Basic Precipitation

b)

Salty Precipitation

c)

Aric Precipitation

d)

Acid Precipitation

32.

Any change in Earth's climate, including global trends in warming, cooling, precipitation, wind directions, and other related measures.

a)

climate change

b)

climate

c)

weather

d)

weather patterns

33.

Any change in Earth's climate, including global trends in warming, cooling, precipitation, wind directions, and other related measures.

a)

climate

b)

climate change

c)

weather

d)

weather patterns

34.

An increase in the average temperature of Earth's surface.

a)

Greenhouse gases

b)

greenhouse effect

c)

coral bleaching

d)

global warming

35.

A gas in the atmosphere that absorbs Earth's outgoing infrared radiation.

a)

Greenhouse Gases

b)

Greenhouse Effect

c)

Coral Bleaching

d)

Climate Change

36.

The natural process that occurs when certain gases in the atmosphere absorb and reradiate thermal energy from the Sun.

a)

greenhouse gases

b)

greenhouse effect

c)

climate change

d)

climate

37.

The loss of color in corals that occurs when stressed corals expel the colorful algae that live in them.

a)

coral stress

b)

coral gases

c)

coral reef

d)

coral bleaching

38.

the mix of both solid and liquid particles in the air

a)

particulate matter

b)

greenhouse effect

c)

air pollution

39.

the cutting of large areas of forests for human activities

a)

deforestation

b)

reforestation

c)

aquifer

40.

the long-term average weather conditions that occur in a particular region

a)

climate

b)

global warming

c)

coral bleaching

41.

the loss of color in corals that occurs when stressed corals expel the algae that live in them

a)

coral bleaching

b)

greenhouse effect

c)

global warming

42.

the contamination of the environment with substances that are harmful to life

a)

aquifer

b)

pollution

c)

deforestation

43.

the natural process that occurs when certain gases in the atmosphere absorb and reradiate thermal energy from the Sun

a)

greenhouse effect

b)

pollution

c)

photochemical smog

44.

planting new trees to replace ones that have been cut

a)

deforestation

b)

reforestation

c)

conservation

45.

the contamination of air by harmful substances including gases and smoke

a)

deforestation

b)

urbanization

c)

air pollution

46.

caused when nitrogen and carbon compounds in the air react in sunlight

a)

greenhouse effect

b)

photochemical smog

c)

pollution

47.

an area of permeable sediment or rock that holds significant amounts of water

a)

deforestation

b)

conservation

c)

aquifer

48.

the careful use of Earth's materials to reduce damage to the environment

a)

urbanization

b)

reforestation

c)

conservation

49.

something found in nature that is useful to living things

a)

climate change

b)

natural resource

c)

pollution

50.

rain or snow that has a lower pH than that of normal rainwater

a)

pollution

b)

acid precipitation

c)

reforestation

51.

the rise in Earth's average surface temperature

a)

global warming

b)

climate change

c)

coral bleaching

52.

the development of land for houses and other buildings near a city

a)

urbanization

b)

reclamation

c)

conservation

53.

the process of restoring land disturbed by mining

a)

reclamation

b)

conservation

c)

urbanization

54.

gases in the atmosphere that absorb Earth's outgoing infrared radiation

a)

greenhouse effect

b)

air pollution

c)

greenhouse gases

55.

global trends in warming, cooling, precipitation, wind directions, and other related measures

a)

greenhouse effect

b)

climate change

c)

natural resource

56.

The total amount of healthy ecosystems needed to both provide you with the resources for you to use and to absorb the wastes that you generate is called

a)

ecological footprint

b)

global warming

c)

deforestation

d)

habitat fragmentation

57.

Destruction of forests for lumber, farming or other uses

a)

deforestation

b)

habitat fragmentation

c)

invasive species

d)

ozone layer

58.

The destruction of the place an organism lives (usually due to human activities)

a)

pollutant

b)

smog

c)

habitat loss

d)

sustainable development

59.

Any non-native species whose introduction causes, or is likely to cause, economic harm, environmental harm, or harm to human health.

a)

ozone layer

b)

invasive species

c)

biological magnification

d)

renewable resource

60.

Any harmful material released into the biosphere.

a)

sustainable development

b)

pollutant

c)

nonrenewable resources

d)

smog

61.

Upper atmosphere layer in which ozone gas is relatively concentrated; protects life on Earth from harmful ultraviolet rays in sunlight.

a)

ozone layer

b)

biological magnification

c)

renewable resource

d)

resilience

62.

Strategy for using natural resources without depleting them and for providing human needs without causing long-term environmental harm

a)

nonrenewable resources

b)

ecological footprint

c)

global warming

d)

sustainable development

63.

Resource that can be produced or replaced as easily as it is used

a)

renewable resource

b)

nonrenewable resource

c)

resilience

d)

restitution

64.

Resource that cannot be replaced by natural processes within a reasonable amount of time

a)

renewable resource

b)

nonrenewable resource

c)

resilience

d)

restitution

65.

Making new fuels from corn, grasses, and other organic material

a)

fossil fuels

b)

biomass

c)

renewable resources

d)

nuclear energy

66.

A community is concerned about the water quality of a nearby lake. Increased sedimentation in the lake is endangering the native habitat. The increased sedimentation is most likely caused by which of the following?

a)

Trees planted along the shore of the lake

b)

Construction of homes along the lake

c)

the amount of sunlight on the lake

d)

the amount of fish in the lake

67.

When fertilizers run off farmland into streams and ponds, the nitrogen content of the water increases. This can lead to rapid growth of algae in a process called eutrophication. How can this process affect other organisms in the water?

a)

Oxygen is used up as algae is decomposed, reducing the amount available to other organisms.

b)

The water becomes better able to support aerobic organisms.

c)

The algae provide food for fishes and other organisms, leading to decreased algae populations.

d)

The extra nitrogen provides additional food for the other organisms, increasing their population.

68.

This diagram shows the carbon cycle. If many trees are removed from a forest by logging, what is the most immediate effect on the carbon cycle in that forest?

a)

Increase in the rates of decomposition

b)

Increase in the rates of atmospheric carbon dioxide

c)

Decreased combustion of fossil fuel

d)

Increase production of organic compounds

69.

Problem caused by increased levels of CFC's in the atmosphere; living things are exposed to more UV radiation.

a)

global warming

b)

thermal pollution

c)

greenhouse effect

d)

ozone depletion

70.

Which of the following issues is the cause of the other environmental impacts caused by humans?

a)

pollution

b)

human population growth

c)

climate change

d)

habitat destruction

71.

Occurs when nitrogen and sulfur-containing compounds from burning fossil fuels combine with water in the atmosphere

a)

global warming

b)

ozone depletion

c)

acid rain

d)

thermal pollution

72.

Which is these is a finite resource?

a)

solar energy

b)

wind energy

c)

trees

d)

fossil fuels

73.

Which of these ecological problems is NOT caused by burning fossil fuels?

a)

global warming

b)

ozone depletion

c)

climate change

d)

acid rain

74.

Which of these is NOT a method of energy conservation?

a)

taking public transportation to work (bus, subway)

b)

riding your bike to work

c)

walking to work

d)

driving alone in your car to work

75.

Human impact on the environment is often more dramatic than the impact of most other living things because humans have a greater...

a)

need for water

b)

need for food

c)

ability to alter the environment

d)

ability to adapt to change

76.

the mass of air that surrounds the Earth.

a)

Atmosphere

b)

Biosphere

c)

Hydrosphere

d)

Geosphere

77.

the part of the Earth where life can exist.

a)

Atmosphere

b)

Biosphere

c)

Hydrosphere

d)

Geosphere

78.

the rocks, minerals and landforms of the Earth.

a)

Atmosphere

b)

Biosphere

c)

Hydrosphere

d)

Geosphere

79.

all the waters on and above Earth’s surface.

a)

Atmosphere

b)

Biosphere

c)

Hydrosphere

d)

Geosphere

80.

the protection of animals, plants, and natural resources.

a)

conservation

b)

recycle

c)

reuse

d)

upcycle

81.

to make something new from the broken down parts of something that has been used before.

a)

conservation

b)

recycle

c)

reuse

d)

upcycle

82.

to use something again for its same purpose.

a)

conservation

b)

recycle

c)

reuse

d)

upcycle

83.

the process of converting old or discarded materials into something useful and often beautiful.

a)

conservation

b)

recycle

c)

reuse

d)

upcycle

84.

using a resource is ways that maintain it at a certain quality or quantity for a certain period of time.

a)

sustainable

b)

pollution

c)

overpopulation

d)

deforestation

85.

contamination of Earth’s land, water, or air through the release of harmful substances into the environment.

a)

sustainable

b)

pollution

c)

overpopulation

d)

deforestation

86.

a condition in which the number of humans grows beyond what the available resources can support.

a)

sustainable

b)

pollution

c)

overpopulation

d)

deforestation

87.

the act or result of cutting down or burning all the trees in an area to use the land for other reasons.

a)

sustainable

b)

pollution

c)

overpopulation

d)

deforestation

88.

anything naturally occurring in the environment that humans use.

a)

Natural Resource

b)

Nonrenewable Resource

c)

Renewable Resource

89.

a natural resource that is not replaced in a useful time frame.

a)

Natural Resource

b)

Nonrenewable Resource

c)

Renewable Resource

90.

a resource that is either always available or is naturally replaced in a relatively short amount of time.

a)

Natural Resource

b)

Nonrenewable Resource

c)

Renewable Resource

91.

What happens if humans use a large amount of a resource, such as oil, in a relatively short period of time?

a)

The Earth produces more of the resource very rapidly.

b)

Humans produce more of the resource very rapidly.

c)

The resource can become scarce or disappear altogether.

d)

Nothing happens because all resources are in infinite supply.

92.

Which statement best summarizes the sources or disappear altogether?

a)

Scientists monitor most plants and animals to ensure healthy populatioins.

b)

Scientists monitor only plants and animals but not water and air.

c)

Scientists monitor only plants and animals but not water and air.

d)

Scientists monitor many renewable and nonrenewable resources.

93.

Which of the following best describes why scientists are exploring the use of oher types of renewable energy sources along with solar energy?

a)

The collection of solar energy is limited to daylight hours.

b)

Solar energy can be transformed only into electrical energy.

c)

The collection of solar energy requires constant monitoring.

d)

Solar energy is less popular than other types of energy.

94.

Which of these are energy sources consumed by humans and are considered a nonrenewable resource?

a)

fossil fuels

b)

hydroelectricity

c)

solar energy

d)

wind power

95.

Which of the following would be considered good evidence that the over-exploitation of resources in an environment harms organisms living in that environment?

a)

When people cut down and log trees in a forest, many species of animals lose their habitats.

b)

Mining a mountain top for coal results in cheaper electricity for consumers in urban areas.

c)

Water levels in a reservoir go down and when water evaporates from the surface.

d)

Large solar energy panels in the desert don't work well when they get covered in sand and dust.

96.

If resources are renewable, like water and soil, polluting them____.

a)

is not harmful because they will rapidly renew themselves

b)

is not harmful because humans can fix any problems quickly

c)

is harmful because it hurts humans

d)

is harmful because it hurts all organisms

97.

Identify which is not a cause of species endangerment.

a)

habitat destruction

b)

hunting

c)

reforestation

d)

pollution

98.

What device would change electricity into both heat and light?

a)

electric motor

b)

loudspeaker

c)

calculator

d)

light bulb

99.

What is the primary energy source for all renewable and non-renewable energy resources?

a)

gravity

b)

the sun

c)

the Earth

d)

the atom

100.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of nonrenewable energy resources?

a)

Resources such as geothermal or hydroelectric are not available at all locations.

b)

Resources such as biofuels, even though they are replaceable, still produce pollution.

c)

Resources such as natural gas are finite in their availability and are not replaced for millions of years.

d)

Resources such as wind power or solar are not available at all times and require other resources as backup.

101.

Residents of a town are concerned about water pollution in a nearby river. Which of these actions would likely have the most positive impact on the river?

a)

planting more trees along streets in the town

b)

installing solar panels on buildings in the town

c)

increasing public transportation options in the town

d)

spraying fewer chemicals on crops grown in the town

102.

Smog is best described as which kind of pollution.

a)

air pollution

b)

land pollution

c)

noise pollution

d)

water pollution

103.

Which of these actions can best replenish natural materials?

a)

refining trees into paper

b)

the slow breakdown of once-living organisms

c)

planting trees every year after an area is logged

d)

using technology to extract natural gas with minimal pollution

104.

A major advantage of using renewable natural resources rather than nonrenewable natural resources is that renewable resources

a)

they produce pollution.

b)

do not have to be conserved.

c)

are replenished more quickly.

d)

can be used to generate electricity.

105.

Which of the following is considered a nonrenewable energy resource?

a)

wind

b)

sunlight

c)

oil

d)

geothermal

106.

Which of the following is NOT a renewable energy resource?

a)

geothermal

b)

wind

c)

coal

d)

solar

107.

Renewable energy resources are resources that:

a)

can be used only once

b)

get used. up then are gone.

c)

can be naturally replaced.

d)

produce free energy

108.

What phrase correctly describes energy being changed from one form into another?

a)

energy transformation

b)

power conservation

c)

conservation of momentum

d)

law of gravity

109.

Energy from the wind is used to turn windmills. These windmills then spin a generator and produce electricity. Which statement would NOT support the claim that wind energy is considered a clean,renewable resource?

a)

Wind energy is produced naturally.

b)

Wind energy is used without giving off greenhouse gases.

c)

There is an abundant supply of wind energy available for use.

d)

There are only certain places that are suitable for collecting wind energy.

110.

What do hydroelectric, wind and sunlight resources have in common?

a)

They are all based on fossil fuels.

b)

They are al traditional sources of energy.

c)

They are all renewable.

d)

They are all nonrenewable.

111.

Which negative human environmental influence is matched to the positive influence that has helped correct it?

a)

Overhunting -- pollution controls

b)

Disposal problems -- species preservation

c)

Importation of organisms -- energy conservation

d)

pesticide use -- biological control of insects

112.

One advantage of biodiversity in an ecosystem is that it...

a)

guarantees that the largest organisms will dominate the area

b)

ensures a large amount of identical genetic material

c)

develops relationships between organisms that are always positive over long periods of time

d)

increases the chance that some organisms will survive a major change in the environment

113.

Scientists claim that increased demand for almonds would have a negative environmental impact on California. Which observation, if any, would support this claim?    

a)

The almonds are exported to other states and countries and profits increase for California's almond industry.

b)

The increased demand for almonds increases the freshwater consumption in California.

c)

The additional CO₂ produced by the almond trees is released into the atmosphere.

d)

The additional consumption of sunlight by the almond trees reduces the amount of energy input on the solar panels and therefore the amount of energy available to Californians.

114.

Which human activity is correctly paired with its likely future consequence?

a)

Overfishing in the Atlantic -- increase in supply of flounder and salmon as food for people

b)

development of electric cars or hybrid vehicles -- increased rate of global warming

c)

use of fossil fuels -- depletion of underground coal, oil, and natural gas supplies

d)

genetically engineering animals -- less food available to feed the world's population

115.
New fuels are being produced by converting corn and grasses into compounds containing alcohols that can be broken down for energy in various engines. The purpose of this research is to
a)
 reduce the use of nonrenewable resources.
b)
increase the rate of air pollution.
c)
reduce the rate of homeostasis in organisms.
d)
 cause a loss of biodiversity in the rain forests.
116.
A community is concerned about the water quality of a nearby lake. Increased sedimentation in the lake is endangering the native habitat. The increased sedimentation is most likely caused by which of the following?
a)
trees planted along the shore of the lake
b)
construction of homes along the lake
c)
the amount of sunlight on the lake
d)
the amount of fish in the lake
117.
When fertilizers run off farmland into streams and ponds, the nitrogen content of the water increases. This can lead to rapid growth of algae in a process called eutrophication. How can this process affect other organisms in the water?
a)
Oxygen is used up as algae is decomposed, reducing the amount available to other organisms.
b)
The water becomes better able to support aerobic organisms.
c)
The algae provide food for fishes and other organisms, leading to decreased algae populations.
d)
The extra nitrogen provides additional food for the other organisms, increasing their population.
118.
The diagram shows the carbon cycle.  If many trees are removed from a forest by logging, what is the most immediate effect on the carbon cycle in that forest?
a)
 increase in the rates of decomposition
b)
increase in the rates of atmospheric carbon dioxide
c)
decreased combustion of fossil fuel
d)
 increase production of organic compounds
119.

What is the best explanation for the rise in atmospheric CO2 levels since the 1800's?

a)

natural fluctuations of the climate

b)

eruptions of large volcanoes

c)

increased use of fossil fuels by humans

d)

photosynthesis by algae

120.

Several factors can lead to soil erosion. Which of these human activities is most likely to contribute to soil erosion?

a)

Clearing land for farming

b)

Planting trees and vegetation

c)

Preserving land as a wildlife habitat

d)

Reducing the amount of livestock in an area

121.

Air pollution is caused by many different activities. Air pollution can affect human health and the health of other living things. Which of these choices gives the best description of air pollution?

a)

The circulation of pollutants in enclosed spaces

b)

The long-term health issues related to the quality of the air

c)

The contamination of the atmosphere by pollutants from human and natural sources

d)

The pollution that results from global warming

122.

How can ground pollutants affect the local fresh water supply?

a)

The chemicals evaporate underground and come back in the rain water, filling lakes and rivers with toxic chemicals.

b)

Erosion of soil causes those chemicals to leak into the ground water supply and end up in lakes and rivers

c)

The chemicals absorb down their concentration gradient and eventually move to lakes and rivers

d)

When plants are harvested the soil and excess plant parts are dumped into the water supply

123.

Which of the following would be most effective method to slow down destruction of certain species of birds and small mammals from over hunting?

a)

increase the demand for meat and pelts from these animals

b)

Prevent nature documentaries from being made about these animals

c)

Decrease the size of their habitat.

d)

Regulate the number of animals that can be hunted in a certain area at certain times

124.
The Fairfax County government wants to restore wetlands in the Annandale area.  How will this goal affect the surrounding community?
a)
It will have more water, but it will be of lower quality.
b)
Water quality will increase, but so will erosion.
c)
It will create a more diverse population of plants and animals.
125.
Several students watched as bulldozers took down a large group of trees in their neighborhood where cardinals nest each spring.  What effect might this development have on the cardinal population in their neighborhood?
a)
The number of cardinals will decrease due to loss of habitat.
b)
The number of cardinals will be about the same; they will adapt to the new environment.
c)
The number of cardinals will increase with the number of new homes added.
126.

Which human activity has the potential to greatly affect the equilibrium of an ecosystem?

a)

cutting down a few small evergreen trees and using them to make holiday decorations

b)

mowing the playing fi elds in a city park

c)

washing a car with a detergent-based cleaner

d)

emptying an aquarium containing many nonnative fi sh of several species into a local lake

127.

An increased demand for soybeans has led to an increase in converting native forests and grasslands to fi elds for growing soybeans. One negative consequence of this environmental change has been

a)

an increase in natural resources for the future

b)

an increase in the kinds of foods that can be produced

c)

a decrease in suitable habitats for wildlife

d)

a decrease in the need to set aside land for conservation

128.

Building large manufacturing facilities can affect ecosystems by increasing the

a)

atmospheric quality

b)

biodiversity in the area

c)

demand for resources such as fossil fuels

d)

availability of space and resources for organisms

129.

The use of solar panels has increased in the last ten years. A benefit of using solar energy would include

a)

adding more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere

b)

using less fossil fuel to meet energy needs

c)

using a nonrenewable source of energy

d)

releasing more gases for photosynthesis

130.

The governments of many countries have regulations that are designed to prevent the accidental introduction of nonnative insects into their countries. This is because, in these new habitats, the nonnative insects might

a)

become food for birds

b)

not survive a cold winter

c)

not have natural predators

d)

add to the biodiversity

131.

Which action could humans take to slow the rate of global warming?

a)

Cut down trees for more effi cient land use.

b)

Increase the consumption of petroleum products.

c)

Use alternate sources of energy such as wind.

d)

Reduce the use of fuel-effi cient automobiles.

132.

Which human activity can have a negative impact on the stability of a mature ecosystem?

a)

replanting trees in areas where forests have been cut down for lumber

b)

building dams to control the flow of water in rivers, in order to produce electricity

c)

preserving natural wetlands, such as swamps, to reduce fl ooding after heavy rainfalls

d)

passing laws that limit the dumping of pollutants in forests

133.

Some birds have recently modified their migratory behavior. Instead of flying to warmer climates during the winter months, the birds are remaining in northern areas where they can consume discarded food that is abundant in landfills. As a result of this change in migratory behavior, many insect populations that the birds normally feed on in the warmer climate areas are now increasing. This is an example of human activity

a)

interfering with ecological succession

b)

increasing competition for infi nite resources

c)

disrupting the homeostasis of organisms

d)

altering the equilibrium of ecosystems

134.

Which row in the chart below correctly matches the human activity with its effect?

a)

Row 1

b)

Row 2

c)

Row 3

d)

Row 4

135.

An increase in human population puts a stress on resources that can be renewed, such as

a)

trees and coal

b)

water and gasoline

c)

oil and natural gas

d)

water and trees

136.

Global warming is most closely associated with

a)

increased use of solar panels

b)

increased industrialization

c)

reducing the rate of species extinction

d)

removal of environmental wastes

137.

Humans deplete the most resources when

a)

using wind energy as a power source

b)

generating power by using fossil fuels

c)

using water power to generate electricity

d)

recycling glass and plastics

138.

When deciding on new environmental policies and laws, which term is used to describe the comparison between benefits and costs of human activities?

a)

technology

b)

trade-off

c)

climate change

d)

industrialization

139.

Two new wind turbines have recently been built within the Eiffel Tower in Paris. The power that these turbines generate will be enough to power the entire first floor of the tower, including the restaurants, shops, and exhibits. A benefit of using wind power as an alternative source of energy is that it

a)

is nonrenewable, so additional resources will be depleted by tower businesses

b)

is renewable, so it will decrease the environmental impact of the tower businesses

c)

increases the use of resources that cannot be renewed in the future

d)

decreases the amount of fossil fuels available for future generations

140.

More than 100 years ago, Earth’s atmosphere contained about 280 parts per million (ppm) of carbon dioxide. It is predicted that by the year 2050, the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could reach 700 ppm, greatly increasing Earth’s temperature. It has been suggested that growing more green plants would help to slow this increase. The best explanation for why increased numbers of plants would help is that plants

a)

serve as food for herbivores

b)

serve as a nonrenewable energy resource

c)

remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during respiration

d)

remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis

141.

Which human activity most directly causes a signifi cant increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

a)

growing corn for food

b)

not using products containing plastics

c)

driving cars long distances

d)

planting large numbers of trees

142.

Nuclear power plants, which produce electrical energy, use large quantities of water for cooling. Often, small fish, larvae, and fish eggs are sucked in along with the cooling water and destroyed. This example illustrates how

a)

industrialization can have positive and negative effects

b)

removal of these organisms has no effect on an ecosystem

c)

direct harvesting increases the natural fi sh population

d)

energy is generated without producing wastes

143.

Although we rely on coal, oil, and natural gas to produce energy, some environmental scientists have proposed that we use less fossil fuel. One reason to support this proposal is to

a)

enable us to preserve rain forests in tropical areas

b)

help us to reduce the production of carbon dioxide gas

c)

allow us to decrease the use of fertilizers on crops

d)

encourage us to end research on wind and water power sources

144.

Which row in the chart below represents the most likely changes in the atmosphere due to widespread deforestation?

a)

Row 1

b)

Row 2

c)

Row 3

d)

Row 4

145.

Rabbits are not native to Australia. They were imported by European settlers. In 1936, the myxoma virus was introduced into Australia as a means of biological control to infect and reduce the rabbit population. This method of controlling the rabbit population was an attempt to

a)

stop the overpopulation of a native species

b)

stop the overproduction of an introduced species

c)

limit the food sources of the rabbit

d)

limit the number of rabbits brought into the country