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WorksheetsBiodiversity Ecosystem and Resilience
Total questions: 113
Worksheet time: 2hrs 49mins
The prefix Bio means
life
birds
science
ecosystems
Why is biodiversity in an ecosystem so important?
Because it can help humans where to determine good places to develop farm land.
Because places that have a healthy biodiversity are unaffected by major disturbances.
Because having a high biodiversity allows ecosystems to withstand major changes.
Because having a high biodiversity allows for fewer opportunities of competition for similar resources.
An ecosystem thrives with biotic and abiotic components. An example of an abiotic part of an ecosystem is ______________.
Bacteria
Fungus
Water
Decaying plants
All of the living and nonliving components that interact in an environment.
population
ecosystem
community
organism
A species that plays a far more important in its community than its relative abundance might suggest.
Keystone Species
Pioneer Species
Indicator Species
Exotic Species
A keystone species that creates or maintains habitat for other species.
Foundation Species
Pioneer Species
Indicator Species
Exotic Species
Species that is found in only one area. Such species are especially vulnerable to extinction.
Endemic Species
Pioneer Species
Indicator Species
Exotic Species
A life form that affects an entire ecosystem.
Keystone Species
Herbivores
Umbrella Species
Predators
True or false. Some countries are remarkable for their biodiversity and richness of flora and fauna; these countries have been declared mega diverse.
True
False
True or false. Endemic species are vulnerable and very likely to become endangered species.
True
False
Invasive species can have a major impact on the ecosystem.
TRUE
FALSE
Why do the populations of invasive species grow so quickly?
Invasive Species are native to an area.
Invasive species are prey to many animals.
Invasive species have no natural predators.
Invasive species keep the ecosystems in equilibrium.
The primary cause of invasive species introduction is
too much food
human actions
weather events
asteroids
Do you think Bees are examples of keystone species?
True
False
To qualify as a biodiversity hotspot, a region must meet two strict criteria:
It must have at least 1,500 vascular plants as endemics. A hotspot, in other words, is irreplaceable.
It must have 30% or less of its original natural vegetation. In other words, it must be threatened.
Is influenced by many factors, including abiotic factors, species interactions, level of disturbance, and chance events.
Mention two endemic species and two invasive species in a region of Ecuador
Biodiversity, aka biological diversity, usually refers to
the number of people on Earth
the variety of species on Earth
the number of animal species in a specific area
the number of plant species in a specific area
a species that is not native to a particular region
endemic
exotic
endangered
extinct
species that are native to and found only within a limited area
endemic
exotic
endangered
extinct
a species at risk, but not yet endangered
endangered
exotic
endemic
threatened
Which of the following would be most effective in slowing the loss of biodiversity?
creating large parks/preserves in biodiversity hotspots
requiring every country to maintain a seed bank
In what part of the world are the greatest number of extinctions occurring?
in deserts
in the Arctic
in tropical rain forests
According to biologists, what percentage of species have become or are expected to become extinct between 1900 and 2100?
1%
10%
25%
60%
Why is biodiversity important to ecosystems?
It helps populations adapt to ecological changes.
It increases at each level of the food chain.
Where are many critical biodiversity hotspots located?
islands, tropical rain forests, and coastal areas
cities and developed areas of the world
The lionfish is a venomous fish found primarily in the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. In the 1990s, lionfish were accidentally released into the Atlantic Ocean, where they found abundant resources and favorable environmental conditions. Which of the following scenarios is most likely to result in the lionfish having a major impact on the communities into which they were introduced?
With no natural predators, the lionfish population will become very large.
Some native species of invertebrates will develop a resistance to lionfish venom.
Which of the following terms describes any major changes that may occur to an ecosystem?
Distubance
Resiliency
Adaptations
Biodiversity
Define genetic diversity
variation of genes within a species or population in a given area
variety of ecosystems in a given area
system made up of all the living and nonliving things in a given area
disturbance in the environment conditions that cause genetic changes to occur in organisms
Define ecosystem diversity
variety of ecosystems in a given area
variation of genes within a species or population in a given area
variety of life in Earth's land, freshwater, and marine ecosystems
changes to an ecosystem that affect how the parts of it interact
What is an example of a human disturbance?
Deforestation
Drought
Tsunami
Changing Seasons
Which of these is NOT true about the Endangered Species Act
It protects all plants and animals on the endangered species list
It is a law that must be obeyed around the world.
Anyone who harms species covered by this act can receiver a fine ($)
It is enforces by US Fish & Wildlife Service
CITES was first enacted to protect which poached species
Rhinos
Sea Turtles
African Elephants
Lions
DDT is a pesticide that drastically affected which species?
Brown Pelicans
Lions
African Elephants
Tuna
What species was removed from the Channel Islands so the Island Fox could thrive?
Golden Eagle
Bald Eagle
Deer Mouse
Scrub Jay
The term diversity means
similarity
variety
The variation in Rauwolfia vomitoria growing in different Himalayan regions is an example of
Genetic diversity
Species diversity
Species diversity
Which of the following have greater amphibian species diversity than the others?
Western Ghats
Eastern Ghats
Which of the following countries have varied ecosystems?
Norway
India
Among animals, ____________are the most species rich taxonomic group.
mollusc
crustaceans
Insects
" Nature's Biological Library is burning even before we catalogued the titles of all the books stocked there". This implies that .....................
Nature has a library with books we did not read yet, and not catalogued. The library started to burn now.
The species present in nature are compared to books stocked in a library, and that a large fraction of these species are going to be extinct, even before we have discovered them.
Which of the following statements are true about latitudinal gradient?
Species diversity decreases as we move away from the equator towards poles.
Species diversity is more in temperate latitude, than, other latitudes.
Species diversity is more in poles than in equator.
What is so special about tropics that account for their greater biological diversity? Tick the appropriate option.
Tropics had glaciation in the past and cyclones in the present, that helps in species richness
Tropics receive less sunlight when compared to poles, biological diversity becomes more in less sunlit areas.
There is more solar energy in the tropics, contributing to more productivity and hence greater biological diversity.
Alexander Von Humboldt observed that within a region species richness increased with increasing __________but only up to a limit.
Area
Food
Predators
When the value of regression coefficient z lies in the range of 0.6 to 1.2, we will find , the slope of the line to be _________
more gentle
more steeper
In the analogy used by ecologist Paul Ehrlich, rivets are compared to ___________ and airplane to __________
rivets to nature and airplane to animals
rivets to species and airplane to ecosystem
rivets to play tools and airplane to play station for passengers
Among some of the recent extinctions, Thylacine is from which of the following places?
Mauritius
Africa
Australia
Sixth extinction presently in progress is different from previous episodes, in which of the following ways?
The current species extinction rates are 100 to 1000 times faster than in the pre- human times.
The current species extinction rates are slower than in Dinosaur period.
It is not true that extinction is currently taking place.
The Evil Quartet is the sobriquet used to describe four causes of biodiversity losses. One of them is given in the options below. Tick the appropriate one.
An evil spirit came in disguise to the earth and consumed biodiversity.
When a species becomes extinct, the plant and animal species associated with it also becomes extinct.
Aliens arrived from outer space and destroyed earth's biodiversity.
Which of the following are one of the Broadly Utilitarian arguments to conserve Biodiversity?
Pollination
firewood
It is our moral duty to care for the well being of other species living on our planet with us.
Amongst vertebrates, which among the following demonstrate most species diversity globally?
Fishes
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
In the species area relationship equation, log S= log C+ Z log A, C represents ?
constant
competition
Y intercept
slope of the line
The term Biodiversity hotspots mean _________
Regions with high levels of species richness and endemism.
Regions with hot thermal springs and rivers
Spots on one species of frog, that makes our skin burn if touched.
Which of the following options are one of the examples of sacred groves in our country?
khasi and Jaintia hills in Meghalaya
Botanical gardens
Zoological parks
Wild life safari parks
The approach of conservation, where the whole ecosystem is protected , in order to conserve the biodiversity at all levels is called as _____approach.
In situ conservation
Ex situ conservation
Tigers living in warm climates have thinner coats of fur than those in cool climates. This is an example of:
Genetic diversity
Species diversity
Ecosystem diversity
Genera diversity
A region that includes tigers, eagles, lizards, fish, rabbits, and many other types of organisms would be best described as having a high level of
taxonomic diversity
genetic diversity
ecosystem diversity
species diversity
The latitudinal gradient is a natural pattern in which species diversity generally
increases towards the equator
decreases towards the prime meridian
decreases in warmer climates
increases towards the prime meridian
High levels of biodiversity tend to
have little or no effect on ecosystems
decrease an ecosystem's resistance to change
increase the stability of an ecosystem
make an ecosystem less resilient
Which product often comes from the natural environment?
cooking oil
medicines
fuel
all of the above
The disappearance of a particular population from a given area, but not of the entire species globally is called
extirpation
extinction
poaching
fragmentation
The biggest cause of biodiversity loss today is
climate change
over-harvesting
habitat change and fragmentation
pollution
The goals of _________ are to manage, protect, and reintroduce threatened and endangered species.
wildlife corridors
conservation concessions
Species Survival Plans
biodiversity hotspots
A species that is at risk of serious extinction is called a(n)
threatened species
invasive species
endangered species
extirpated species
What global phenomenon has caused some organisms to move towards the poles or to higher altitudes?
habitat fragmentation
pollution
invasive species
warming temperatures
What is the major law in the United States that protects biodiversity?
Convention on Biological Diversity
Endangered Species Act
US Fish and Wildlife Service
Species Survival Plan
A treaty is a(n)
state law to protect wildlife
agreement under international law
trade with land owners
biodiversity program run by zoos
Zoos and aquariums can help increase wildlife populations through
captive breeding programs
international biodiversity treaties
conservation concessions
wildlife corridors
Which of the following is a single-species approach to protecting biodiversity?
building wildlife corridors
selling conservation concessions
captive breeding and cloning
mapping biodiversity hotspots
Which of the following is an example of a method for managing whole ecosystems and habitats?
captive breeding
cloning
Species Survival Plans
mapping biodiversity hotspots
A plan to establish an 8000km long strip of land across eight SE Asian countries to rejoin fragments of habitats is an example of
wildlife corridor
world biodiversity treaty
captive breeding program
conservation concession
Taxonomists are the scientists who classify species.
True
False
Species richness generally increases toward the poles
True
False
An ecosystem is considered stable if it is both resistant and resilient.
True
False
In recent decades, extinction rates have been significantly lower than normal.
True
False
Which type of coastline would probably support greater species diversity?
Rocky
Tree-lined
Beach and sand
What is genetic diversity?
Diversity within a species
# of species and abundance in the community
How many different habitats are in a region
What is habitat diversity?
Diversity within a species
# of species and abundance in the community
How many different habitats are in a region
What is species diversity?
Diversity within a species
# of species and abundance in the community
How many different habitats are in a region
Factors that limit a species from growing out of control.
Environmental resistance
Biotic potential
Host Parasites
Relationships
What is a change brought about by a physical, chemical, or biological agent that impacts population size or community structure?
resistance
stability
disturbance
resilience
What is the ability of an ecosystem to recover after it has undergone a disturbance?
resistance
stability
disturbance
resilience
Which of the following are examples of natural disturbances? (Select ALL that apply!)
tornado
tsunami
volcano
earthquake
urbanization
what is a water shed
an aquifer.
water stored under ground used for drinking
an area or ridge of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers, basins, or seas.
The intermediate disturbance hypothesis theory states that intermediate levels of disturbance will
increase runoff
increase ecosystem nutrient cycling
decrease primary productivity
increase species diversity
Phylogenetic trees show...
Evolutionary relationships between different species
How one species has evolved through time
Which species has evolved the most
Which species have evolved from other species
the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem
biodiversity
demography
carrying capacity
poaching
a species that is not native to a particular region
endemic
exotic
endangered
extinct
species that are native to and found only within a limited area
endemic
exotic
endangered
extinct
a species at risk, but not yet endangered
endangered
exotic
endemic
threatened
How many species are estimated to be living on Earth?
between 10,000 and 100,000
between 1 and 2 million
between 500,000 and 1 million
between 10 and 50 million
Which of the following would be most effective in slowing the loss of biodiversity?
creating large parks/preserves in biodiversity hotspots
requiring every country to maintain a seed bank
In what part of the world are the greatest number of extinctions occurring?
in deserts
in the Arctic
in tropical rain forests
The level of biodiversity that involves a variety of habits and communities is _____ diversity.
ecosystem
population
genetic
species
What level of biodiversity is most commonly equated with the overall concept of biodiversity?
genetic
ecosystem
species
Why is biodiversity important to ecosystems?
It helps populations adapt to ecological changes.
It increases at each level of the food chain.
The LESS genetically diverse a population is, the better it can respond to environmental stressors
True
False
The ecological diversity involves all of the following except
Number of niches
Trophic levels
Genetic factors
Ecological Processes
