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Anatomy FINAL EXAM REVIEW 2025

Total questions: 92

Worksheet time: 46mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What hormone is responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during childbirth?
a)
Oxytocin
b)
Prolactin
c)
Estrogen
d)
Cortisol
2.
Which gland produces insulin and glucagon?
a)
Pancreas
b)
Thyroid
c)
Adrenal
d)
Pituitary
3.
What is the primary function of growth hormone?
a)
Stimulates bone and muscle growth
b)
Regulates blood sugar
c)
Increases heart rate
d)
Controls calcium levels
4.
Which hormones are produced by the thyroid gland?
a)
T3 and T4
b)
Insulin and glucagon
c)
Estrogen and progesterone
d)
Cortisol and aldosterone
5.
What is the role of calcitonin?
a)
Lowers blood calcium levels
b)
Raises blood sugar
c)
Increases red blood cell production
d)
Regulates metabolism
6.
Which hormone is secreted by the adrenal medulla?
a)
Catecholamines
b)
Testosterone
c)
Glucagon
d)
Progesterone
7.
Where is the thymus gland located?
a)
Above the heart
b)
In the brain
c)
Behind the stomach
d)
In the kidneys
8.
What is the function of prolactin?
a)
Stimulates milk production
b)
Regulates sleep cycles
c)
Increases blood pressure
d)
Stimulates digestion
9.
Which blood component carries oxygen?
a)
Erythrocytes
b)
Leukocytes
c)
Thrombocytes
d)
Plasma
10.
What is the protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen?
a)
Hemoglobin
b)
Myosin
c)
Insulin
d)
Albumin
11.
Which part of blood helps in clotting?
a)
Thrombocytes
b)
Plasma
c)
Leukocytes
d)
Erythrocytes
12.
What is hemostasis?
a)
Stopping of bleeding
b)
Increase in heart rate
c)
Lowering blood pressure
d)
Transport of oxygen
13.
Which hormone stimulates red blood cell production?
a)
Erythropoietin
b)
Cortisol
c)
Testosterone
d)
Glucagon
14.
What is the innermost layer of the heart?
a)
Endocardium
b)
Myocardium
c)
Epicardium
d)
Pericardium
15.
Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the lungs?
a)
Left atrium
b)
Right atrium
c)
Right ventricle
d)
Left ventricle
16.
Which circulation carries blood to the lungs?
a)
Pulmonary circulation
b)
Systemic circulation
c)
Coronary circulation
d)
Lymphatic circulation
17.
What type of immunity is passed from mother to child through breast milk?
a)
Passive immunity
b)
Active immunity
c)
Natural immunity
d)
Artificial immunity
18.
Which cells produce antibodies?
a)
Plasma B cells
b)
Helper T cells
c)
Killer T cells
d)
Macrophages
19.
Which lymphatic organ filters blood and helps fight infections?
a)
Spleen
b)
Tonsils
c)
Thymus
d)
Appendix
20.
What do macrophages do?
a)
Engulf pathogens
b)
Produce antibodies
c)
Create hormones
d)
Digest food
21.
Which structure returns lymph to the circulatory system?
a)
Lymphatic ducts
b)
Nephrons
c)
Glottis
d)
Renal tubes
22.
Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?
a)
Alveoli
b)
Bronchi
c)
Larynx
d)
Trachea
23.
Which tube connects the larynx to the bronchi?
a)
Trachea
b)
Esophagus
c)
Pharynx
d)
Nasal cavity
24.
Which organ stores bile?
a)
Gall bladder
b)
Liver
c)
Pancreas
d)
Stomach
25.
What is the primary function of the small intestine?
a)
Absorption of nutrients
b)
Storage of waste
c)
Water absorption
d)
Production of bile
26.
Which digestive organ connects the throat to the stomach?
a)
Esophagus
b)
Trachea
c)
Duodenum
d)
Larynx
27.
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
a)
Nephron
b)
Glomerulus
c)
Tubule
d)
Ureter
28.
Which structure carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
a)
Ureter
b)
Urethra
c)
Loop of Henle
d)
Renal tube
29.
Where is urine stored before it is excreted?
a)
Urinary bladder
b)
Kidney
c)
Urethra
d)
Nephron
30.
Where does fertilization typically occur?
a)
Fallopian tube
b)
Uterus
c)
Ovary
d)
Cervix
31.
What is the male gonad?
a)
Testes
b)
Penis
c)
Prostate
d)
Semen
32.
Which organ houses the developing embryo?
a)
Uterus
b)
Ovary
c)
Fallopian tube
d)
Placenta
33.
What connects the fetus to the placenta?
a)
Umbilical cord
b)
Cervix
c)
Vagina
d)
Fallopian tube
34.
Which hormone raises blood glucose levels?
a)
Glucagon
b)
Insulin
c)
Estrogen
d)
Calcitonin
35.
Which hormone helps regulate metabolism?
a)
T3 and T4
b)
Prolactin
c)
Oxytocin
d)
Cortisol
36.
What is a steroid hormone?
a)
Lipid-based hormone
b)
Protein-based hormone
c)
A carbohydrate
d)
A neurotransmitter
37.
What type of blood cells fight infection?
a)
Leukocytes
b)
Thrombocytes
c)
Erythrocytes
d)
Plasma cells
38.
Which chamber pumps oxygenated blood to the body?
a)
Left ventricle
b)
Right ventricle
c)
Right atrium
d)
Left atrium
39.
What structure coordinates the heart’s electrical signals?
a)
Cardiac conduction system
b)
Valves
c)
Atrium
d)
Ventricles
40.
During systole, what happens to the heart?
a)
It contracts
b)
It relaxes
c)
It fills with blood
d)
It filters blood
41.
What is stroke volume?
a)
Amount of blood pumped per beat
b)
Heart rate
c)
Pressure in arteries
d)
Blood volume in the lungs
42.
What type of immunity occurs after infection or vaccination?
a)
Active immunity
b)
Passive immunity
c)
Nonspecific defense
d)
Neutralization
43.
What do helper T cells do?
a)
Coordinate immune response
b)
Destroy infected cells
c)
Produce antibodies
d)
Phagocytose bacteria
44.
Which immune response is the same for all invaders?
a)
Nonspecific defense
b)
Specific defense
c)
Memory response
d)
Adaptive immunity
45.
What structure traps pathogens in the throat?
a)
Tonsils
b)
Spleen
c)
Peyer’s patches
d)
Appendix
46.
What is the voice box called?
a)
Larynx
b)
Trachea
c)
Glottis
d)
Pharynx
47.
Which structure splits into bronchi?
a)
Trachea
b)
Esophagus
c)
Diaphragm
d)
Larynx
48.
What is the function of bile?
a)
Breaks down fats
b)
Digests protein
c)
Neutralizes acid
d)
Absorbs nutrients
49.

Which organ absorbs water from food?

a)
Large intestine
b)
Small intestine
c)
Stomach
d)
Gall bladder
50.
Which hormone triggers ovulation?
a)
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
b)
FSH
c)
Estrogen
d)
Progesterone
51.
Where are sperm stored and matured?
a)
Epididymis
b)
Vas deferens
c)
Prostate
d)
Seminal vesicle
52.
What gland is known as the 'master gland'?
a)
Pituitary gland
b)
Thyroid gland
c)
Adrenal gland
d)
Pineal gland
53.
Which hormone lowers blood glucose levels?
a)
Insulin
b)
Glucagon
c)
Cortisol
d)
Adrenaline
54.
Where are estrogen and progesterone produced?
a)
Ovaries
b)
Testes
c)
Adrenal glands
d)
Thymus
55.
Which hormone promotes the fight-or-flight response?
a)
Epinephrine
b)
Insulin
c)
Prolactin
d)
T3
56.
The pineal gland regulates what biological process?
a)
Sleep-wake cycles
b)
Heart rate
c)
Digestion
d)
Blood pressure
57.
What is the thick muscular layer of the heart called?
a)
Myocardium
b)
Endocardium
c)
Epicardium
d)
Pericardium
58.
What is the outermost layer of the heart?
a)
Pericardium
b)
Myocardium
c)
Epicardium
d)
Endocardium
59.
What is the function of the atria?
a)
Receive blood
b)
Pump blood
c)
Exchange gases
d)
Produce hormones
60.
What initiates the cardiac cycle?
a)
Sinoatrial node
b)
Atrioventricular node
c)
Bundle of His
d)
Purkinje fibers
61.
What is the average human heart rate at rest?
a)
70–75 bpm
b)
60–65 bpm
c)
90–100 bpm
d)
50–55 bpm
62.
Which of the following is a nonspecific defense mechanism?
a)
Skin
b)
Antibody
c)
Memory B cell
d)
Helper T cell
63.
What is agglutination?
a)
Clumping of cells by antibodies
b)
Digestion by phagocytes
c)
Creation of memory cells
d)
Destruction of T cells
64.
What is the function of Peyer’s patches?
a)
Monitor intestinal bacteria
b)
Filter blood
c)
Secrete hormones
d)
Pump lymph
65.
What is an antigen?
a)
A substance that triggers an immune response
b)
A hormone
c)
A digestive enzyme
d)
A red blood cell
66.
Which respiratory structure branches into bronchioles?
a)
Bronchi
b)
Larynx
c)
Trachea
d)
Alveoli
67.
What organ produces digestive enzymes and insulin?
a)
Pancreas
b)
Stomach
c)
Liver
d)
Gall bladder
68.
Where are salivary glands located?
a)
Mouth
b)
Stomach
c)
Liver
d)
Small intestine
69.
What is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside?
a)
Urethra
b)
Ureter
c)
Loop of Henle
d)
Nephron
70.
What is the function of the cervix?
a)
Connects uterus and vagina
b)
Produces estrogen
c)
Stores sperm
d)
Site of fertilization
71.
Which structure produces sperm?
a)
Testes
b)
Epididymis
c)
Vas deferens
d)
Seminal vesicle
72.
Where does the embryo implant and grow?
a)
Uterus
b)
Ovary
c)
Fallopian tube
d)
Cervix
73.
What structure provides nutrients to the developing fetus?
a)
Placenta
b)
Uterus
c)
Amniotic sac
d)
Cervix
74.
What fluid surrounds the fetus in the womb?
a)
Amniotic fluid
b)
Blood plasma
c)
Cerebrospinal fluid
d)
Lymph
75.

Which organ is primarily responsible for filtering toxins from the blood?

a)

Liver

b)

Gallbladder

c)

Spleen

d)

Pancreas

76.

What is the main function of platelets in the blood?

a)

Hormone production

b)

Clotting

c)

Oxygen transport

d)

Immunity

77.

Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

a)

Aorta

b)

Pulmonary vein

c)

Vena cava

d)

Pulmonary artery

78.

Which blood type is considered the universal donor?

a)

O negative

b)

AB positive

c)

A positive

d)

B negative

79.

What determines a person's blood type?

a)

White blood cell count

b)

Antigens on red blood cells

c)

Platelet size

d)

Plasma volume

80.

Which blood type can receive blood from any other type?

a)

B positive

b)

A negative

c)

O negative

d)

AB positive

81.

What is the main function of the lymphatic system?

a)

Return excess fluid to the bloodstream

b)

Regulate blood sugar

c)

Produce digestive enzymes

d)

Store red blood cells

82.

Which organ filters lymph and helps fight infection?

a)

Spleen

b)

Liver

c)

Kidney

d)

Pancreas

83.

What are lymph nodes primarily responsible for?

a)

Storing bile

b)

Filtering pathogens from lymph

c)

Producing insulin

d)

Absorbing nutrients

84.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?

a)

Transporting dietary fats

b)

Producing red blood cells

c)

Returning excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream

d)

Defending the body against pathogens

85.

What is the primary role of lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?

a)

Regulating blood pressure

b)

Storing bile

c)

Producing insulin

d)

Filtering lymph and trapping pathogens

86.

Which organ is responsible for the maturation of T lymphocytes?

a)

Kidney

b)

Spleen

c)

Thymus

d)

Liver

87.

Which type of immunity develops after vaccination?

a)

Active immunity

b)

Passive immunity

c)

Innate immunity

d)

Natural immunity

88.

Which cells are primarily responsible for the production of antibodies?

a)

Plasma cells

b)

Red blood cells

c)

Platelets

d)

Neutrophils

89.

What triggers B lymphocytes to start producing antibodies?

a)

Decrease in blood pressure

b)

Release of insulin

c)

Increase in body temperature

d)

Exposure to a specific antigen

90.

Where does the initial activation of B cells for antibody production typically occur?

a)

Pancreas

b)

Kidneys

c)

Liver

d)

Lymph nodes

91.

What is the primary role of insulin in the body?

a)

To increase blood glucose levels

b)

To decrease blood glucose levels

c)

To regulate blood pressure

d)

To aid in digestion

92.

Plasma is 90% _____ and is beige in colour. Plasma contains digested food, chemicals, and waste products.

These substances are carried to and from the cells by the plasma.

a)

Red blood cells

b)

Platelets

c)

Water

d)

Minerals

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