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WorksheetsEndocrine Disorders and Related Facts
Total questions: 79
Worksheet time: 40mins
Cushing's Syndrome can be caused by which of the following?
Pituitary adenoma
Ectopic ACTH production
Adrenal Adenoma
Prolonged corticosteroid therapy
All of the above
Diabetes Insipidus is characterized by excessive fluid loss, which results in ________.
deficient fluid volume
excessive blood sugar
increased red blood cells
elevated blood pressure
Sheehan Syndrome is related to the ________ gland.
pituitary
thyroid
adrenal
pineal
Which facial features are associated with gigantism?
Prominent forehead, protruding jaw
Sunken cheeks, thin lips
Small nose, narrow chin
Freckles, dimples
Acromegaly is characterized by which of the following facial features?
Thin lips
Thick lips, tongue changes, jaw protrudes
Small jaw
Sunken cheeks
Alpha cells release ________.
Glucagon
Insulin
Somatostatin
Cortisol
Beta cells release ________.
Insulin
Glucagon
Cortisol
Adrenaline
Hypothyroidism is associated with ______ dietary iodine.
low
high
moderate
excess
Myxedema coma is a rare life-threatening complication of severe ________.
hypothyroidism
hyperthyroidism
diabetes mellitus
Addison's disease
SIADH is excessive ADH. Giving desmopressins would worsen fluid retention and ________.
hyponatremia
hyperkalemia
hypercalcemia
hypoglycemia
Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor in the ________ that leads to excess catecholamine production.
adrenal medulla
thyroid gland
pituitary gland
pancreas
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of hyperparathyroidism?
Bone pain
Kidney stones
Constipation
All of the above
Signs and symptoms of SIADH include ______ urine and weight gain.
concentrated
dilute
bloody
foamy
Early signs of hyperthyroidism include ______ and nervousness.
weight loss
hair growth
joint pain
hearing loss
Causes of hypoparathyroidism include atrophy or traumatic injury to ______ glands.
parathyroid
thyroid
adrenal
pituitary
Goiter treatment includes ______ and thyroid hormone therapy.
iodine
calcium
insulin
vitamin D
Diabetes Insipidus is associated with ______ urine.
diluted
concentrated
foamy
bloody
SIADH is associated with ______ urine.
concentrated
dilute
alkaline
acidic
In hypothyroidism, T3 and T4 levels will always be ________.
decreased
increased
unchanged
fluctuating
In hyperthyroidism, T3 and T4 levels will always be ________.
increased
decreased
unchanged
fluctuating
What is the normal range for magnesium levels?
1.5-2.5
2.6-3.5
0.5-1.0
3.6-4.5
What is the normal range for phosphate levels?
2.5-4.5
1.0-2.0
4.6-6.0
0.5-1.5
What is the normal range for potassium levels?
3.5-5.0
2.0-3.0
5.5-7.0
1.0-2.5
What is the normal range for sodium level?
135-145
120-130
150-160
100-110
What is the normal range for calcium level?
4.5-5.5
2.0-3.0
6.0-7.0
8.0-9.0
What is the normal serum sodium (na) level?
135-145
120-130
150-160
100-110
What dietary advice should be given to a patient with Addison disease?
Eat throughout the day, snack at night
Follow a low-sodium diet
Avoid all carbohydrates
Consume a high-protein, low-fat diet
Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of Cushing's Syndrome?
A) Buffalo hump
B) Amenorrhea
C) Slow wound healing
D) Bradycardia
What is another cause of Cushing's Syndrome besides long term cortisone therapy?
Pituitary adenoma
Diabetes mellitus
Hypothyroidism
Liver cirrhosis
Desmopressin (DDAVP) involves which of the following?
Poor skin turgor
Low BP
High HR
All of the above
Calcitonin targets which organ and what is its function?
Targets bones, inhibits bone breakdown, antagonistic to parathyroid hormone.
Targets kidneys, increases calcium reabsorption, synergistic to parathyroid hormone.
Targets intestines, increases calcium absorption, antagonistic to insulin.
Targets liver, stimulates glycogen breakdown, antagonistic to glucagon.
Which two hormones are secreted by the middle portion of the adrenal medulla?
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
Insulin and glucagon
Cortisol and aldosterone
Thyroxine and calcitonin
Which hormone is secreted by the adrenal cortex?
Adrenal corticosteroids
Insulin
Thyroxine
Glucagon
What is the master gland of the body?
Pituitary gland
Thyroid gland
Adrenal gland
Pineal gland
If the thyroid is removed, what position should the patient be placed in and what precautions should be taken?
Sit patient in semifowlers position, no coughing through mouth or sneezing, no brushing teeth. Provide suction, trach tray and oxygen by bedside.
Place patient in prone position, encourage deep breathing and coughing, provide ice packs to neck.
Keep patient in supine position with neck extended, allow oral fluids immediately, no suction needed.
Position patient in high fowler's, encourage brushing teeth, provide heating pad to neck.
Epinephrine is a ________ response.
sympathetic
parasympathetic
digestive
inhibitory
SIADH is characterized by:
Over production of ADH
Deficiency of ADH
Over production of insulin
Deficiency of insulin
Diabetes Insipidus is caused by a deficiency of which hormone?
ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
Insulin
Thyroxine
Cortisol
Low calcium levels stimulate the release of which hormone?
Parathormone
Insulin
Thyroxine
Adrenaline
High calcium levels inhibit the release of which hormone?
Parathormone
Insulin
Thyroxine
Adrenaline
What is the random blood glucose level that indicates diabetes?
Greater or equal to 200 mg/dL
Less than 100 mg/dL
Between 100-125 mg/dL
Greater or equal to 140 mg/dL
What is the fasting blood glucose level that indicates diabetes?
Equal to 126 mg/dL
Equal to 100 mg/dL
Equal to 140 mg/dL
Equal to 110 mg/dL
A glucose tolerance test is positive for diabetes if the value is greater or equal to ______ mg/dL 2 hours after 75g of glucose.
200
140
180
160
Muscle twitching or cramping due to low calcium levels is caused by deficiency in which gland?
Parathyroid
Thyroid
Adrenal
Pituitary
When monitoring thyroid replacement, what symptoms should be watched for?
Chest pain, myxedema (over stimulated thyroid), renal impairment, and hypertension.
Weight loss, increased appetite, and excessive sweating.
Hair growth, acne, and deepening of the voice.
Joint pain, skin rashes, and frequent urination.
Which medication is given for patients with thyroid storm?
Propylthiouracil
Levothyroxine
Metformin
Atenolol
Vasopressin is associated with:
Hypertension
Hypersensitivity
Hyperglycemia
Hypokalemia
Cortisol is associated with which response?
Stress
Digestion
Sleep
Growth
The adrenal glands are responsible for which response?
Flight or flight response
Rest and digest response
Growth hormone release
Blood clotting response
Growth hormone is secreted by which gland?
Pituitary gland
Thyroid gland
Adrenal gland
Pineal gland
The Pituitary gland controls other _______.
glands
muscles
bones
cells
Aldosterone regulates _______ balance.
water
glucose
protein
calcium
Visual changes occur in _______ adenoma.
pituitary
thyroid
parathyroid
adrenal
Treatment of SIADH is:
restricting fluids
increasing salt intake
administering glucose
giving high protein diet
Iodine is metallic, well diluted, may stain teeth, and patient should drink through a _______.
straw
cup
spoon
bottle
Complaints of weight loss and difficulty sleeping are symptoms of which condition?
hyperthyroidism
hypothyroidism
diabetes mellitus
hypertension
Check heart rate while sleeping for diagnosing _______.
hyperthyroidism
diabetes
asthma
arthritis
Aspirin is contraindicated in _______.
thyrotoxicosis
hypertension
diabetes mellitus
bronchial asthma
After a thyroidectomy, the patient should be placed in which position?
High fowlers position
Supine position with neck extended
Prone position
Trendelenburg position
Myxedema is very _______ thyroid production.
low
high
normal
excessive
S/S of hypocalcemia include: tingling, muscle cramps, numbness, and _______.
irritability
drowsiness
hypertension
weight gain
Facial twitching and cheeks are signs of _______ (Chvostek signs).
hypocalcemia
hyperkalemia
hypernatremia
hypoglycemia
In hypoparathyroidism, give patient _______.
calcium gluconate
potassium chloride
insulin
furosemide
Patients who have hyperparathyroidism are at risk for decreased serum _______.
phosphate
calcium
potassium
sodium
In Addison's Disease, you will see decreased ________, aldosterone, and testosterone.
cortisol
insulin
thyroxine
glucagon
A concern when diagnosed with Addison Disease is _______.
hyponatremia
hypernatremia
hyperglycemia
hypertension
Cushing's Disease = _______ too much.
hypernatremia
hypokalemia
hypoglycemia
hypocalcemia
Give _______ to treat Addison's Disease.
Dexamethasone
Insulin
Levothyroxine
Metformin
When mixing insulin, which should be drawn first?
Clear before cloudy (Regular before NPH)
Cloudy before clear (NPH before Regular)
Draw both at the same time
It does not matter which is drawn first
Which of the following is a short acting insulin?
Humulin R
Humulin N
Detemir
Degludec
Which of the following is an intermediate acting insulin?
Humulin R
Humulin N
Lispro
Degludec
Which of the following is a long acting insulin?
Glargine
Lispro
Humulin R
NPH
Which of the following is a rapid acting insulin?
Lispro
Humulin N
Detemir
Degludec
Antidiuretic hormones are secreted by the _______ gland.
posterior
anterior
thyroid
adrenal
Cortisol is the glucocorticoid secreted by the _______ cortex.
adrenal
thyroid
pituitary
pancreatic
Cushing's Syndrome is associated with which hormone excess?
cortisol
insulin
thyroxine
aldosterone
Signs and symptoms of Cushing's Syndrome include: weight gain, moon face, and _______.
HTN
Bradycardia
Hypoglycemia
Weight loss
Adrenocortical Insufficiency (Addison's Disease) signs and symptoms include: fatigue, weight loss, hypotension, nausea, hyperpigmentation, salt cravings.
True
False
Systemic symptoms of pituitary tumor include: personality changes, weakness, fatigue, and vague _______ pain.
abdominal
chest
back
leg
