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BIOLOGY SOL — 150 QUESTION MULTIPLE-CHOICE TEST

Total questions: 150

Worksheet time: 1hrs 15mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following is a qualitative observation?

a)

The rock weighs 12 g

b)

The solution has a pH of 3

c)

The plant is green

d)

The book has 250 pages

2.

Which of the following is a quantitative observation?

a)

The sky is cloudy

b)

The liquid smells sweet

c)

The metal bar is 5 cm long

d)

The apple tastes sour

3.

A hypothesis is best described as:

a)

A proven fact

b)

An educated guess

c)

A random prediction

d)

A theory

4.

The independent variable is:

a)

What you measure

b)

What stays the same

c)

What you change

d)

What you record

5.

The dependent variable is:

a)

What you measure

b)

What you change

c)

What you control

d)

What you ignore

6.

The control group:

a)

Receives the IV

b)

Is changed each trial

c)

Stays the same for comparison

7.

Which group receives the independent variable?

a)

Control group

b)

Experimental group

c)

Both

d)

Neither

8.

A conclusion is accepted when:

a)

It sounds good

b)

Other scientists agree

c)

Data supports the hypothesis

d)

There is no dependent variable

9.

If data does NOT support the hypothesis, the scientist should:

a)

Ignore the data

b)

Start over

c)

Change the data

d)

Publish results

10.

On a graph, the independent variable goes on the:

a)

Y-axis

b)

X-axis

c)

Legend

d)

Title

11.

On a graph, the dependent variable goes on the:

a)

X-axis

b)

Y-axis

c)

Key

d)

Background

12.

Which step of the scientific method comes first?

a)

Hypothesis

b)

Conclusion

c)

Experiment

d)

Observation

13.

Constants in an experiment are:

a)

The things measured

b)

Factors kept the same

c)

Data collected

d)

Errors

14.

A controlled experiment tests how many variables?

a)

Zero

b)

One

c)

Two

d)

As many as possible

15.

Which of the following is most important for a valid experiment?

a)

Many variables

b)

Large sample size

c)

Biased results

d)

No constants

16.

A substance with pH below 7 is:

a)

Basic

b)

Neutral

c)

Acidic

d)

Toxic

17.

A pH of 7 is:

a)

Acidic

b)

Basic

c)

Neutral

d)

Salty

18.

The pH scale measures:

a)

Temperature

b)

Hydrogen ion concentration

c)

Salinity

d)

Polarity

19.

A solution with many H⁺ ions has a:

a)

High pH

b)

Low pH

c)

Neutral pH

d)

Changing pH

20.

The chemical formula for water is:

a)

H₂

b)

O₂

c)

H₂O

d)

HO

21.

Water molecules are polar because:

a)

They dissolve salt

b)

Oxygen is positive

c)

Hydrogens are slightly positive and oxygen slightly negative

d)

They have no charge

22.

Attraction between water molecules is called:

a)

Adhesion

b)

Cohesion

c)

Sublimation

d)

Diffusion

23.

Attraction between water and other substances is called:

a)

Cohesion

b)

Adhesion

c)

Evaporation

d)

Osmosis

24.

What type of bond holds water molecules together?

a)

Ionic bonds

b)

Metallic bonds

c)

Hydrogen bonds

d)

Covalent bonds

25.

Ice floats because:

a)

It is denser than water

b)

It is less dense than water

c)

It conducts electricity

d)

It is nonpolar

26.

Water’s high specific heat helps organisms:

a)

Store fat

b)

Regulate temperature

c)

Break down food

d)

Reproduce

27.

27. Sweating helps maintain:

a)

Metabolism

b)

Homeostasis

c)

Cell division

28.

A change in body temperature can disrupt:

a)

Gene expression

b)

Metabolism

c)

Evolution

d)

Classification

29.

What property explains why water climbs a paper towel?

a)

Density

b)

Adhesion

c)

Surface tension

d)

Cohesion

30.

Water is known as the “universal solvent” because:

a)

It dissolves everything

b)

It dissolves many substances

c)

It is neutral

d)

It is basic

31.

The only macromolecule used for immediate energy is:

a)

Lipids

b)

Proteins

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Nucleic acids

32.

The building blocks of carbohydrates are:

a)

A. Amino acids

b)

B. Nucleotides

c)

C. Fatty acids

d)

D. Monosaccharides

33.

The building blocks of lipids are:

a)

Monosaccharides

b)

Fatty acids

c)

Amino acids

d)

Nucleotides

34.

Lipids are used mainly for:

a)

Quick energy

b)

Storing energy & insulation

c)

Building DNA

d)

Speeding reactions

35.

The building blocks of proteins are:

a)

Sugars

b)

Nucleotides

c)

Amino acids

d)

Lipids

36.

Proteins function to:

a)

Store hereditary information

b)

Speed reactions and provide structure

c)

Store energy long-term

d)

Control pH

37.

The building blocks of nucleic acids are:

a)

A. Amino acids

b)

B. Nucleotides

c)

C. Monosaccharides

d)

D. Fatty acids

38.

DNA and RNA are examples of:

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic acids

39.

Glucose has the formula:

a)

CO₂

b)

C₆H₁₂O₆

c)

H₂O

d)

C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁

40.

Oils and waxes belong to which macromolecule group?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Nucleic acids

d)

Proteins

41.

Which macromolecule transmits heredity?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Nucleic acid

d)

Protein

42.

Enzymes are a type of:

a)

Lipid

b)

Nucleic acid

c)

Carbohydrate

d)

Protein

43.

A polymer is made of many:

a)

Monomers

b)

Atoms

c)

Cells

d)

Minerals

44.

Which macromolecule is NOT used for energy?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic acids

45.

Which macromolecule is part of cell membranes?

a)

Proteins

b)

Lipids

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

DNA

46.

Enzymes are:

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Catalysts

d)

Sugars

47.

Enzymes speed reactions by lowering:

a)

pH

b)

Temperature

c)

Activation energy

48.

The molecule enzymes act on is the:

a)

Product

b)

Gene

c)

Substrate

d)

Lipid

49.

The location where a substrate fits is the:

a)

Active site

b)

Ribosome

c)

Nucleus

d)

Vacuole

50.

Enzymes are:

a)

Reusable

b)

Destroyed after one use

c)

Made of lipids

d)

Non-specific

51.

Enzyme shape determines:

a)

pH

b)

Function

c)

Temperature

d)

Osmosis

52.

High temperatures can:

a)

Strengthen enzymes

b)

Denature enzymes

c)

Replace enzymes

d)

Convert enzymes into sugars

53.

Enzymes regulate:

a)

Homeostasis only

b)

Genetic traits

c)

Metabolism

d)

Photosynthesis only

54.

Without enzymes, chemical reactions would be:

a)

Faster

b)

Slower

c)

Unchanged

d)

Impossible

55.

Enzymes are affected by:

a)

pH

b)

Temperature

c)

Substrate concentration

d)

All of the above

56.

The substrate must match the enzyme like a:

a)

Random guess

b)

Lock and key

c)

Knot and rope

d)

Magnet

57.

Enzymes belong to which macromolecule group?

a)

Lipids

b)

Proteins

c)

Nucleic acids

d)

Carbohydrates

58.

The “speed bump” analogy refers to:

a)

Diffusion

b)

Activation energy

c)

DNA replication

d)

Mitosis

59.

When activation energy decreases:

a)

Reaction rate increases

b)

Reaction rate decreases

c)

Reaction stops

d)

Enzyme is destroyed

60.

Enzymes work best at a specific:

a)

Density

b)

pH & temperature

c)

Altitude

d)

Pressure

61.

Who first used the term “cell” when observing cork?

a)

Mendel

b)

Watson

c)

Hooke

d)

Darwin

62.

The invention of the microscope led to the discovery of:

a)

Elements

b)

Cells

c)

Viruses only

d)

Electrons

63.

The eyepiece of a microscope always has what magnification?

a)

5×

b)

10×

c)

20×

d)

40×

64.

Total magnification = eyepiece × ____

a)

Objective lens

b)

Stage

c)

Light source

d)

Slide

65.

A wet mount cover slip should be lowered:

a)

Straight down

b)

At a 45° angle

c)

Upside down

d)

On the stage first

66.

The Cell Theory does NOT include:

a)

All living things are made of cells

b)

Cells come from preexisting cells

c)

Cells are the basic unit of life

d)

Viruses are considered cells

67.

Microscopes are important because they allow scientists to study:

a)

Stars

b)

Microscopic structures

c)

Weather patterns

d)

Sound waves

68.

The part of the microscope that controls light entering is the:

a)

Diaphragm

b)

Stage

c)

Coarse adjustment

d)

Arm

69.

Which objective lens has the highest power?

(a)  

70.

A specimen appears flipped and reversed under which tool?

a)

Telescope

b)

Microscope

c)

Thermometer

d)

pH meter

71.

Prokaryotic cells lack a:

a)

Cell membrane

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Nucleus

d)

Ribosome

72.

The only example of prokaryotes is:

a)

Plants

b)

Animals

c)

Fungi

d)

Bacteria

73.

Eukaryotic cells contain:

a)

No DNA

b)

No nucleus

c)

Membrane-bound organelles

d)

Only one chromosome

74.

Plants, animals, fungi, and protists are all:

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Eukaryotic

c)

Nonliving

d)

Viruses

75.

Which organelle controls metabolism and homeostasis?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Golgi body

76.

Which organelle produces ATP?

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Lysosome

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Ribosome

77.

Ribosomes function in:

a)

Protein synthesis

b)

Lipid storage

c)

DNA replication

d)

Transport

78.

The "post office" of the cell is the:

a)

Nucleus

b)

Golgi apparatus

c)

ER

d)

Ribosome

79.

The rough ER has what attached to it?

a)

DNA

b)

Lipids

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Lysosomes

80.

What breaks down waste in the cell?

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Ribosome

c)

Lysosome

d)

ER

81.

The site of photosynthesis is the:

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Ribosome

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Golgi body

82.

Plant cells have a rigid:

a)

Membrane

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Lysosome

d)

Cell wall

83.

The cell membrane controls:

a)

Energy production

b)

What enters and leaves the cell

c)

Protein synthesis

d)

Reproduction

84.

The membrane is made of:

a)

Proteins only

b)

Fatty acids only

c)

Phospholipid bilayer

d)

Carbohydrates

85.

Phospholipids contain:

a)

Polar head, nonpolar tail

b)

Nonpolar head, polar tail

c)

Two polar tails

d)

Two polar heads

86.

Which molecules cross the membrane easily?

a)

Large & polar

b)

Charged

c)

Small & nonpolar

d)

DNA

87.

Which organelle is found ONLY in plant cells?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Golgi

d)

Mitochondria

88.

Which organelle is responsible for packaging?

a)

ER

b)

Ribosome

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

Nucleus

89.

Homeostasis means:

a)

Rapid change

b)

Balance

c)

Cell division

d)

Energy use

90.

The basic unit of life is the:

a)

Atom

b)

Cell

c)

Tissue

d)

Organ

91.

Passive transport moves molecules from:

a)

Low to high

b)

High to low

c)

Inside to outside only

d)

Outside to inside only

92.

Passive transport requires:

a)

ATP

b)

Oxygen

c)

No energy

d)

Light

93.

Diffusion moves:

a)

Water only

b)

Anything from high to low

c)

DNA

d)

Enzymes

94.

Osmosis moves:

a)

Oxygen

b)

Water

c)

Waste

d)

Lipids

95.

Facilitated diffusion requires:

a)

A. A protein channel

b)

B. ATP

c)

C. Light

d)

D. Lysosomes

96.

Active transport moves substances from:

a)

High to low

b)

Low to high

c)

Same concentration

97.

Active transport requires:

a)

No energy

b)

Water

c)

ATP

d)

Lipids

98.

Endocytosis:

a)

Brings materials into the cell

b)

Removes waste

c)

Breaks down glucose

d)

Makes proteins

99.

Exocytosis:

a)

Brings materials in

b)

Sends materials out

c)

Breaks down water

d)

Takes in oxygen

100.

Which is passive transport?

a)

Endocytosis

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Diffusion

d)

Sodium-potassium pump

101.

Which process requires energy?

a)

Osmosis

b)

Diffusion

c)

Facilitated diffusion

d)

Active transport

102.

If a cell is placed in pure water, water will:

a)

Leave the cell

b)

Enter the cell

c)

Remain unchanged

d)

Evaporate

103.

A cell placed in salt water will:

a)

Swell

b)

Shrink

c)

Burst

d)

Divide

104.

Molecules move naturally due to:

a)

Cell pressure

b)

Particle motion

c)

Membrane pumping

d)

ATP

105.

Transport proteins help move:

a)

Large or polar molecules

b)

Only water

c)

DNA

d)

Air

106.

The membrane allows some materials through. It is:

a)

Solid

b)

Impermeable

c)

Semipermeable

d)

Completely open

107.

Osmosis is a type of:

a)

Active transport

b)

Passive transport

c)

Homeostasis

d)

Metabolism

108.

The energy for active transport comes from:

a)

ATP

b)

Sunlight

c)

DNA

d)

Proteins

109.

Diffusion continues until molecules reach:

a)

Equilibrium

b)

Zero movement

c)

ATP saturation

d)

The nucleus

110.

Osmosis moves water from:

a)

Low to high concentration of water

b)

High to low concentration of water

c)

High to high

d)

Low to low

111.

Cellular respiration takes place in the:

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Ribosome

d)

Nucleus

112.

Photosynthesis occurs in the:

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Lysosome

d)

ER

113.

Respiration converts glucose into:

a)

DNA

b)

ATP

114.

Organisms that make their own food are:

a)

Heterotrophs

b)

Autotrophs

c)

Consumers

d)

Decomposers

115.

Heterotrophs obtain energy by:

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Eating

c)

Making glucose

d)

Releasing oxygen

116.

Reactants of photosynthesis include:

a)

Oxygen + glucose

b)

Carbon dioxide + water + sunlight

c)

ATP

d)

Nitrogen

117.

Products of photosynthesis are:

a)

CO₂ and ATP

b)

Glucose and oxygen

c)

Water and sunlight

d)

ATP and glucose

118.

Reactants of respiration include:

a)

CO₂ and light

b)

Oxygen and glucose

c)

Water only

d)

ATP only

119.

Products of respiration include:

a)

Oxygen and glucose

b)

Water and sunlight

c)

CO₂ and ATP

d)

Chlorophyll

120.

The relationship between photosynthesis and respiration is:

a)

Unrelated

b)

Cyclical

c)

Opposing but dependent

121.

Animals rely on plants for:

a)

ATP directly

b)

Oxygen and glucose

c)

Chlorophyll

d)

Heat

122.

Plants rely on animals for:

a)

Glucose

b)

Water

c)

Carbon dioxide

d)

Sunlight

123.

Which process releases CO₂?

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Respiration

c)

Diffusion

d)

Mitosis

124.

Which process releases O₂?

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Respiration

c)

Osmosis

d)

Facilitated diffusion

125.

ATP is:

a)

Genetic code

b)

Energy molecule

c)

Enzyme

d)

Carbohydrate

126.

DNA has how many strands?

a)

One

b)

Two

c)

Three

d)

Four

127.

DNA is shaped like a:

a)

Ladder

b)

Double helix

c)

Circle

d)

Chain

128.

128. A pairs with:

a)

G

b)

C

c)

T

d)

U

129.

G pairs with:

a)

A. T

b)

B. C

c)

C. A

d)

D. U

130.

RNA contains which base instead of thymine?

a)

Guanine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Uracil

d)

Adenine

131.

Making RNA from DNA is:

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Transformation

d)

Replication

132.

Making proteins from mRNA is:

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

Replication

d)

Mutation

133.

DNA replication occurs before:

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Mitosis

c)

Meiosis only

d)

Classification

134.

Humans have how many chromosomes?

(a)  

135.

Mitosis creates:

a)

Four cells

b)

Two identical cells

c)

Gametes

d)

Unrelated cells

136.

The first phase of mitosis is:

a)

Anaphase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Telophase

d)

Prophase

137.

Chromosomes line up in the middle during:

a)

Telophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Prophase

138.

Sister chromatids separate during:

a)

Telophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Prophase

d)

Anaphase

139.

Two new nuclei form during:

a)

Prophase

b)

Anaphase

c)

Telophase

d)

Metaphase

140.

The purpose of mitosis is:

a)

A. Growth and repair

b)

B. Making gametes

c)

C. Evolution

d)

D. Homeostasis

141.

mRNA carries the code to the:

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Ribosome

c)

Mitochondria

142.

A sequence of DNA that codes for a trait is a:

a)

Chromosome

b)

Gene

c)

Protein

d)

Codon

143.

DNA is copied during:

a)

G₁

b)

S phase

c)

G₂

d)

M phase

144.

Uracil pairs with:

a)

A. Adenine

b)

B. Cytosine

c)

C. Guanine

d)

D. Thymine

145.

Chromosomes are made of:

a)

Lipids

b)

DNA

c)

Proteins only

d)

RNA

146.

A dominant allele is represented by:

a)

Lowercase letter

b)

Capital letter

c)

Number

d)

Symbol

147.

Homozygous means:

a)

Two different alleles

b)

Two identical alleles

c)

A mutation

d)

A dominant trait only

148.

The system of naming organisms with two names is called:

a)

Mendelian theory

b)

Binomial nomenclature

c)

Darwinian naming

d)

Taxonomic pairing

149.

A species is:

a)

A. A group able to reproduce fertile offspring

b)

B. Any group of organisms

c)

C. Organisms with similar color

d)

D. A random classification

150.

Structures with similar function but no common ancestor are:

a)

Homologous

b)

Analogous

c)

Vestigial

d)

Fossilized

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