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Carbon, Macromolecules of Life, and Enzymes

Total questions: 104

Worksheet time: 2hrs 44mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the main function of nucleic acids?

a)

Speeds up important chemical reactions in living things

b)

Keeps the bodies of animals warm

c)

Gives instructions for how the body works and gives information about an organism’s traits

d)

Provides short term energy

2.

Which macromolecule is organic?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

proteins

c)

lipids

d)

nucleic acids

e)

all choices are correct

3.

Glucose and starch are examples of?

a)

protein

b)

carbohydrate

c)

lipid

d)

nucleic acid

4.

In order for something to be classified as "Organic," it would need to contain what atom?

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Oxygen

c)

Carbon

d)

Nitrogen

5.

Which macromolecule makes up the majority of the cell membrane?

a)

nucleotide

b)

lipid

c)

protein

d)

carbohydrate

6.

Which type of macromolecule passes genetic information from parents to their children?

a)

lipids

b)

proteins

c)

carbohydrates

d)

nucleic acids

7.

compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; source of short-term energy for the human body

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

8.

compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; stores long-term energy for the human body

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

9.

macromolecule group that includes fats, oils, and waxes

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

10.

macromolecule group that includes sugars and starches

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

11.

biomolecule needed by the body for growth, repair, and bodily functions

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

12.

macromolecule group that is found in DNA and RNA (genetic material)

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

13.

compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus atoms

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

14.

a very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules

a)

atom

b)

nucleotide

c)

monosaccharide

d)

macromolecule

15.

building block of nucleic acids

a)

nucleotide

b)

amino acid

c)

fatty acid

d)

protein

16.

building block of proteins

a)

amino acid

b)

fatty acid

c)

monosaccharide

d)

nucleic acid

17.

building block of carbohydrates

a)

amino acid

b)

fatty acid

c)

nucleotide

d)

monosaccharides

18.

What element is known as the "element of life" and is found in organisms? It is able to form four strong covalent bonds.

a)
b)
c)
d)
19.

Which of the following stores and transmits hereditary information?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

protein

d)

nucleic acid

20.

Which of the following are found on the surface of cell membrane to help cells recognize each other and fight diseases?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

21.

The monomer MONOSACCHARIDE is used to build which macromolecule?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

22.

The monomer AMINO ACID is used to build which macromolecule?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

23.

The monomer NUCLEOTIDE is used to build which macromolecule?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

24.
Provide quick energy 
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
25.
Waterproofs, insulates, and stores energy long-term
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
26.
Speed up chemical reactions, protects against infections, and structural component of hair, skin, and muscles
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
27.
Stores genetic information and carries out protein synthesis
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
28.

Forms the cell membranes?

a)

lipids

b)

carbohydrates

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

29.

Which biomolecule helps form muscles?

a)

Nucleic Acid

b)

Carbohydrate

c)

Protein

d)

Lipids

30.
What are the building blocks of proteins?
a)
amino acid
b)
fatty acid
c)
nucleotide
d)
lipid
31.
What are the single sugars that are the building blocks of carbohydrates?
a)
monosaccharides
b)
disaccharides
c)
polysaccharides
d)
amino acid
32.
Proteins are made of monomers called ___________
a)
Nucleotides
b)
Monosaccharides
c)
Amino Acids
d)
Glycerol and fatty acids
33.
DNA and RNA are examples of 
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
34.
Nucleotides are monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
35.
Waxes, oils and fats are examples of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
36.
Monosaccharides are monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
37.
What is the function of nucleic acids?
a)
store genetic information
b)
store energy (long-term)
c)
store energy (short-term)
d)
build skin, hair, nails, muscles
38.
Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
nucleic acids
d)
proteins
39.
Which macromolecule stores energy, insulates us, and makes up the cell membrane?
a)
lipids
b)
proteins
c)
carbohydrates
d)
nucleic acids
40.
What are the monomers of DNA?
a)
glycerols
b)
amino acids
c)
fatty acids
d)
nucleotides
41.
Which group of biomolecules provide quick energy to organisms?
a)
proteins
b)
carbohydrates
c)
lipids
d)
nucleic acids
42.
Genetic information is stored in which class of organic compounds?
a)
proteins
b)
lipids
c)
nucleic acids
d)
carbohydrates
43.
All organic compounds contain the element
a)
carbon
b)
nitrogen
c)
phosphorus
d)
sulfur
44.
Building blocks of the body, hair , muscles etc.
a)
protein
b)
nucleic acid
c)
lipids
d)
carbohydrates
45.

Which substance is considered a building block for all living things?

a)

Carbon

b)

Glucose

46.

Which reason best explains why carbon is able to form macromolecules?

a)

Carbon can bond with many elements.

b)

Carbon CANNOT bond with many elements.

47.

Which statement best illustrates why carbon is so important to life on Earth?

a)

Carbon-based macromolecules are found in living things.

b)

Carbon-based macromolecules are NOT found in living things.

48.

In what form is carbon found in the atmosphere?

a)

CO2

b)

C6H12O6

c)

H2O

d)

ATP

49.

Which statement best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

a)

Photosynthesis removes carbon from the atmosphere, and cellular respiration releases carbon back into the atmosphere.

b)

Photosynthesis is part of the carbon cycle, and cellular respiration is not.

c)

Only plants perform

d)

Photosynthesis releases carbon into the atmosphere, and cellular respiration removes carbon from the atmosphere.

50.

Which macromolecule provides the blueprint for living things by storing and transmitting genetic information?

a)

protein

b)

carbohydrate

c)

lipid

d)

nucleic acid

51.

Which reason best explains why carbon is able to form macromolecules?

a)

Carbon is a very large element.

b)

Carbon can bond with many elements.

c)

Carbon is found in all living things.

d)

Carbon is found in energy-storing molecules.

52.

Which statement best illustrates why carbon is so important to life on Earth?

a)

Carbon occurs as a solid, a liquid, and a gas.

b)

Carbon is found in both the living and nonliving worlds.

c)

Carbon is stored in large quantities in fossil fuels.

d)

Carbon-based macromolecules are found in living things.

53.
What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
54.
The graph shows how enzymes affect reactions in cells. Which statement best summarizes the information shown in the graph?
a)
Enzymes increase the energy of the reactants.
b)
Enzymes decrease the energy level of the products.
c)
Enzyme decrease the activation energy of the reaction.
d)
Enzymes reverse the direction of the reaction.
55.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
56.
Any substance that is acted upon by an enzyme is called a(n)?
a)
Coenzyme
b)
Substrate
c)
Vitamin
d)
Polypeptide
57.
In the diagram, what is letter A? 
a)
product
b)
substrate
c)
enzyme-substrate complex
d)
active site
58.
Enzymes are...
a)
nucleic acids
b)
proteins
c)
lipids
d)
carbohydrates
59.
What is the function of an enzyme?
a)
enzymes break themselves into small pieces
b)
enzymes slow down chemical reactions
c)
enzymes speed up chemical reactions
d)
enzymes combine products to form reactants 
60.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered denature
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
61.
Enzymes speed up reaction rates by changing...
a)
Activation Energy
b)
pH
c)
Hydrogen Bonds
d)
Kinetic Energy
62.
Letter D...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
63.
Letter B...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
64.
Letter C...
a)
active site
b)
enzymes
c)
substrate
d)
products
65.
Letter E...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
66.
Which enzyme is most efficient in a basic solution?
a)
A
b)
B
67.

Enzymes are _______________ that _____________________ chemical reactions by ____________ the amount of activation energy required to start the reaction.

a)

carbohydrates, slow down, lowering

b)

proteins, speed up, increasing

c)

lipids, speed up, lowering

d)

proteins, speed up, lowering

68.

A baby is locked in the car on a hot day. What is most likely to happen to the child?

a)

The child's body will adjust and cause it to maintain homeostasis

b)

The child's enzymes will denature causing chemical reactions to speed up in the body, which will lead to death.

c)

The child's enzymes will denature causing chemical reactions to slow down in the body, which will lead to death.

d)

The activation energy for chemical reactions will remain unchanged and therefore the child will live.

69.

All of the following affect the functioning of an enzyme EXCEPT:

a)

pH

b)

temperature

c)

metabolism

d)

enzyme concentration, substrate concentration

70.

Where do substrates bind to an enzyme?

a)

calcium channels

b)

active site

c)

receptor molecules

d)

voltage-gated channels

71.

What is the purpose of an enzyme?

a)

control how many reactions occur

b)

raise activation energy

c)

give permission for the reaction

d)

speed up chemical reactions

72.

What is the optimal pH for this enzyme?

a)

6

b)

10

c)

9

d)

7

73.

Changes in pH and temperature can ___________________ an enzyme which causes it to lose its shape and affects its function.

a)

puncture

b)

denature

c)

double

d)

delete

74.

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are necessary for reactions in our cells?

a)

The reactions are too slow to meet the needs of the cell if enzymes are missing.

b)

Enzymes supply the oxygen necessary for the reactions.

c)

Enzymes change reactants from solid to liquid during the reactions.

d)

The reactions take up too much space in the cell if enzymes are missing.

75.

In what ways do enzymes help a cell carry out its chemical reactions?

a)

Enzymes lower the amount of reactants needed for the reaction to occur.

b)

Activation energy and the rate of reaction are both increased by enzymes.

c)

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy needed.

d)

Enzymes slow the reaction down by increasing the amount of energy produced.

76.
What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
77.
What is indicated by letter A?
a)
enzyme
b)
product
c)
substrate
d)
active site
78.
What is the purpose  of an enzyme?
a)
give permission for the reaction
b)
raise activation energy
c)
speed up reactions
d)
control how many reactions occur
79.
How do enzymes increase the speed of chemical reactions?
a)
reducing the number of products   
b)
reducing the activation energy
c)
increasing the temperature of the cell
d)
increasing the concentration of reactants 
80.
Based on the graph, what temperature does this enzyme work best? 
a)
15 C
b)
40 C
c)
30 C
d)
47 C
81.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
82.

Enzymes are specific. This means that an enzyme only works with molecules that are....

a)

the right size and shape

b)

broken down already

c)

present in water

d)

too big for the body to handle

83.

What does an enzyme need in order to work properly?

a)

The right amount of oxygen & CO2

b)

The right temperature & amount of water

c)

The right temperature & pH

d)

The right temperature & pressure

84.

Which category of macromolecules do enzymes belong to?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Fats/Lipids

85.

Lipids/Carbohydrate provide long-term energy for cells.

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrates

86.

Lipids / carbohydrates are also called fats.

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrates

87.

DNA and RNA are made up of nucleotides / amino acids.

a)

nucleotides

b)

amino acids

88.

Nucleic acids / Carbohydrates provide proteins with specific instructions for cell growth and repair.

a)

Nucleic acids

b)

Carbohydrates

89.

 

All of the following can cause an enzyme to work less effectively EXCEPT -

a)

Concetration (amount of) substrate

b)

Temperature

c)

pH

d)

Perfect Conditions

90.

Which of the following best defines denature?

a)

An enzyme working in optimal conditions

b)

An enzyme's shape changes causing it to no longer catalyze reactions.

c)

A substrate's shape changes to match the enzyme

d)

An enzyme shape changes to match the substrate.

91.

Based on the graph, what is the optimal temperature for the enzyme?

a)

20

b)

40

c)

43

d)

60

92.

Based on the graph, what pH does Enzyme C work best at?

a)

1.5

b)

6

c)

8

d)

9

93.

What does an enzyme do for the activation energy?

a)

It raises it

b)

It slows it down

c)

It speeds it up

d)

It reduces it

94.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered or denatured
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
95.

What are the enzymes called when they are at high temperature or extreme pH?

a)

denatured

b)

Killed

c)

inactive

d)

normal

96.

Cells can only work if their enzymes are functioning. What can you infer from the graph?

a)

Cells function best at low pH values

b)

Cells function fine at all pH values

c)

Cells function best at high pH values

d)

Cells do not function well if the pH is too high or too low

97.

What is the optimal pH of enzyme A?

a)

8

b)

2

c)

5.7-10

d)

10

98.
An enzyme speeds up a reaction by
a)
lowering the activation energy.
b)
raising the activation energy.
c)
releasing energy.
d)
absorbing energy.
99.
The graph shows the effect of temperature on enzyme action. What characteristic do enzymes E1, E2, and E3 share?
a)
Their activity increases between 20°C and 30°C.
b)
Their activity is greatest between 5°C and 10°C.
c)
Their activity is at a low level between 15°C and 25°C.
d)
Their activity is at a high level between 30°C and 40°C.
100.

What is the optimal pH of trypsin?

a)

3.5

b)

4

c)

7.8

d)

10

101.

What happens to pepsin at a pH of 5.8?

a)

Denatures

b)

Works the best

c)

Doubles

102.

Changes in pH and ___ can alter the work of an enzyme.

a)

Substrates

b)

Reactants

c)

Sunlight

d)

Temperature

103.

Which reaction would occur quicker?

a)

Reaction with enzyme (blue)

b)

Reaction without enzyme (red)

104.

What happens to the reaction without an enzyme?

a)

It does not occur.

b)

It occurs but takes longer.

c)

It speeds up.

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