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Unit 3 Review

Total questions: 128

Worksheet time: 4hrs 27mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following is NOT a part of photosynthesis?

a)

Calvin cycle

b)

Light reactions

c)

Light independent reactions

d)

Krebs cycle

2.

Where do the light reactions take place?

a)

Cytosol

b)

Thylakoid membrane

c)

Stroma

d)

Mitochondrial matrix

3.

What is the input for the light reactions?

a)

Light energy

b)

ATP

c)

NADPH

d)

H2O

4.

What is the output for the light reactions?

a)

Light energy

b)

ATP

c)

NADPH

d)

H2O

5.

Where does the Calvin cycle take place?

a)

Cytosol

b)

Thylakoid membrane

c)

Stroma

d)

Mitochondrial matrix

6.

What is the input for the Calvin cycle?

a)

CO2

b)

H2O

c)

NADPH

d)

ATP

e)

G3P

7.

What is the output for the Calvin cycle?

a)

CO2

b)

H2O

c)

NADPH

d)

ATP

e)

G3P

8.

How many CO2 molecules are needed to make 1 G3P?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

6

9.

How many turns of the Calvin cycle are required for 1 G3P to be synthesized?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

6

10.

How many NADPHs are required for the Calvin cycle?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

6

d)

9

11.

How many ATPs are required for the Calvin cycle?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

6

d)

9

12.

Which of the following describes the pathway of electrons in the light reactions? 

a)

O2 →\rightarrow   PS II →\rightarrow  

PS I →\rightarrow   NADH

b)

O2 →\rightarrow   PS II →\rightarrow  

PS I →\rightarrow   NADPH

c)

O2 →\rightarrow   PS I →\rightarrow  

PS II →\rightarrow   NADPH

d)

O2 →\rightarrow   PS I →\rightarrow  

PS II →\rightarrow   NADH

13.

Label the parts of the enzyme model

a)Substrate
b)Products
c)Enzyme
d)Active site
1
2
3
4
1)
2)
3)
4)
14.
Enzymes are...
a)
nucleic acids
b)
proteins
c)
lipids
d)
carbohydrates
15.
Which enzyme is most efficient in a basic solution?
a)
A
b)
B
16.
An enzyme speeds up a reaction by
a)
lowering the activation energy.
b)
raising the activation energy.
c)
releasing energy.
d)
absorbing energy.
17.

Enzyme can be used again and again

a)

True

b)

False

18.

Enzymes act on many different substrates

a)

True

b)

False

19.
What 3 letters do enzymes typically end in?
a)
-ose
b)
-ase
c)
-ese
d)
-tic
20.

Allosteric inhibitors block the active site

a)

true

b)

false

21.
Which of these is NOT true?
a)
Enzymes can denature (change shape) when the temperature gets too high.
b)
Enzymes can only be used once in a chemical reaction. 
c)
Extreme pH can denature enzymes.
d)
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. 
22.

What is an inhibitor?

a)

the region of an enzyme that attaches to a substrate

b)

a change in the shape of a protein

c)

substance that can bind to an enzyme and prevent the substrate from binding

d)

macromolecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

23.
what part do the competitive inhibitors attach to?
a)
subtrate
b)
active site
c)
somewhere other than enzyme
24.

What are vitamins and minerals?

a)

Part of our food, give us energy

b)

activators

c)

inhibitors

d)

enzymes

25.
Each enzyme only has 1 substrate that will fit its active site.  What is this called?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
26.

Which term most precisely describes the cellular process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones?

a)

catabolism

b)

metabolism

c)

anabolism

d)

dehydration

27.

Which of the following is true for all exergonic reactions?

a)

The products have more total energy than the reactants

b)

The reaction proceeds with a net release of free energy.

c)

The reaction goes only in a forward direction: all reactants will be converted to products, but no products will be converted to reactants.

d)

A net input of energy from the surroundings is required for the reactions to proceed

28.

You have discovered an enzyme that can catalyze two different chemical reactions. Which of the following is most likely to be correct?

a)

The enzyme contains a-helices and b-pleated sheets.

b)

The enzyme is subject to competitive inhibition and allosteric regulation.

c)

Two types of allosteric regulation occur: The binding of one molecule activates the enzyme, while the binding of a different molecule inhibits it.

d)

Either the enzyme has two distinct active sites or the reactants involved in the two reactions are very similar in size and shape.

29.

Increasing the substrate concentration in an enzymatic reaction could overcome which of the following?

a)

the need for a coenzyme

b)

allosteric inhibition

c)

insufficient cofactors

d)

competitive inhibition

30.

Match the following

a)

Binds to active site to slow reaction

1.

Competitive

b)

Binds at a different spot on enzyme to change shape

2.

Allosteric

c)

Binds to active site

3.

Substrate

d)

Speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up

4.

Catalyst

e)

Part of enzyme where reactants bind to

5.

Active Site

31.

Enzyme X has an optimum rate of reaction at 97 degrees Fahrenheit. How would rate of reaction be affected if temperature fell to 92 degrees Fahrenheit?

a)

increase - not as hot

b)

decrease - no substrate would be produced

c)

increase - more substrate would be produced

d)

decrease - cause a change in the shape of the protein

32.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
33.
What is structure D?
a)
Substrate
b)
Active site
c)
Enzyme
d)
Products
34.

Which of the following is NOT a step in cellular respiration?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Krebs Cycle

c)

Oxidative Phosphorylation

d)

Calvin Cycle

35.

Where does glycolysis take place?

a)

Cytosol

b)

Mitochondrial matrix

c)

Mitochondrial cristae

d)

Stroma

e)

Thylakoid membrane

36.

What is the input of glycolysis?

a)

Glucose

b)

Pyruvate

c)

NADH

d)

G3P

37.

What is the output of glycolysis?

a)

Glucose

b)

2 pyruvate

c)

2 NADH

d)

2 ATP

e)

2 FADH2

38.

What is the main function of glycolysis?

a)

To complete the breakdown of glucose

b)

To generate a proton gradient and synthesize ATP

c)

To split a glucose molecule in half and synthesize NADH

39.

Where does the Krebs Cycle take place?

a)

Cytosol

b)

Mitochondrial matrix

c)

Mitochondrial cristae

d)

Stroma

e)

Thylakoid membrane

40.

What is the input of the Krebs Cycle?

a)

Pyruvate

b)

Acetyl CoA

c)

Glucose

d)

NADH

41.

What is the output of the Krebs Cycle (one turn)?

a)

3 NADH

b)

1 FADH2

c)

1 ATP

d)

2 CO2

e)

Acetyl CoA

42.

What is the main function of the Krebs Cycle?

a)

To complete the breakdown of glucose

b)

To generate a proton gradient and synthesize ATP

c)

To split a glucose molecule in half and synthesize NADH

43.

Where does oxidative phosphorylation take place?

a)

Cytosol

b)

Mitochondrial matrix

c)

Mitochondrial cristae

d)

Stroma

e)

Thylakoid membrane

44.

What is the input of oxidative phosphorylation?

a)

NADH

b)

FADH2

c)

Pyruvate

d)

Glucose

e)

ATP

45.

What is the output of oxidative phosphorylation?

a)

ATP

b)

NADH

c)

FADH2

d)

Glucose

46.

What is the main function of oxidative phosphorylation?

a)

To complete the breakdown of glucose

b)

To generate a proton gradient and synthesize ATP

c)

To split a glucose molecule in half and synthesize NADH

47.

Which step of cellular respiration REQUIRES oxygen?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Krebs Cycle

c)

Oxidative Phosphorylation

d)

Calvin Cycle

48.

Which step can be performed by prokaryotes AND eukaryotes?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Krebs Cycle

c)

Oxidative Phosphorylation

d)

Calvin Cycle

49.

Where does glycolysis take place?

a)

Cytosol

b)

Mitochondrial matrix

c)

Mitochondrial cristae

d)

Thylakoid

50.

Glycolysis requires oxygen.

a)

True

b)

False

51.

What is the starting material for glycolysis?

a)

Pyruvate

b)

Acetyl CoA

c)

Glucose

d)

G3P

52.

What is the main function of glycolysis?

a)

To rearrange the glucose molecule to be broken down

b)

To split the glucose molecule to release energy

c)

To recreate acetyl CoA for the Krebs cycle

d)

To absorb and store energy in ATP molecules

53.

What process takes place if NADH is unable to be oxidized?

a)

Krebs cycle

b)

Electron transport chain

c)

Chemiosmosis

d)

Fermentation

54.

There are 10 steps in glycolysis, how many enzymes catalyze these steps?

a)

8

b)

9

c)

10

d)

11

55.

What are the products of glycolysis?

a)

2 ATP, 2 NADPH, 2 pyruvate

b)

2 ADP, 2 NADH, 2 pyruvate

c)

2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 pyruvate

d)

2 ADP, 2 NADPH, 2 pyruvate

56.

How does glycolysis lead to ATP synthesis?

a)

Glucose provides the phosphate for ADP to synthesize ATP

b)

Glycolysis splits the glucose molecule to create G3P

c)

High energy electrons are stored in NADH for the ETC

d)

Acetyl CoA is synthesized for the Krebs cycle

57.

Justify that glycolysis evolved before oxygen was present in the atmosphere.

a)

Glycolysis does not require oxygen which represents that it evolved prior to free oxygen in the atmosphere

b)

Glycolysis does not take place in the mitochondria and thus does not require oxygen

c)

Glycolysis splits a glucose molecule into 2 pyruvate molecules which does not require oxygen

d)

Glycolysis takes place in all living organisms which means it evolved prior to free oxygen in the atmosphere

58.

Justify that glycolysis evolved prior to the mitochondria.

a)

Glycolysis takes place in the cytosol

b)

Glycolysis does not require a membrane which represents that it evolved prior to membrane bound organelles

c)

Glycolysis has instructions in the nuclear DNA

d)

Glycolysis does not require mitochondrial DNA which represents that it evolved prior to membrane bound organelles

59.

What are the two parts of oxidative phosphorylation?

a)

Glycolysis & Krebs cycle

b)

Krebs cycle & Electron transport chain

c)

Electron transport chain & Chemiosmosis

d)

Glycolysis & Chemiosmosis

60.

Where does oxidative phosphorylation take place?

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Mitochondrial cristae

c)

Mitochondrial matrix

d)

Cytosol

61.

Which direction are protons pumped during the electron transport chain?

a)

Into the mitochondrial matrix

b)

Into the intermembrane space

c)

Into the cytosol

d)

Into the thylakoid

62.

Which part of the cell will have the highest pH due to cellular respiration?

a)

Cytosol

b)

Mitochondrial matrix

c)

Intermembrane space

d)

Thylakoid

63.

How does the electron transport chain facilitate the synthesis of ATP?

a)

The ATP is synthesized at the end of the electron transport chain

b)

The ATP is synthesized by the protons combining with the oxygen in the electron transport chain

c)

The ATP is synthesized by the protons flowing down their concentration gradient after being pumped out by the ETC

d)

The ATP is synthesized by the ATP synthase found in the electron transport chain

64.

What is the function of decoupling oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport chain?

a)

Generate heat to regulate body temperature in endotherms

b)

Generate heat to regulate body temperature in ectotherms

c)

Generate ATP to power cellular activity in cells

d)

Generate ATP to power activity in organisms

65.

What does the NADH and/or FADH2 that is brought to the electron transport chain come from?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Krebs cycle

c)

Pyruvate oxidation

d)

Cytoplasmic reactions

66.

Where would you find an electron transport chain in a plant cell?

a)

Mitochondrial cristae

b)

Thylakoid membrane

c)

Endoplasmic reticulum

d)

Golgi bodies

67.

Describe what would happen if the mitochondrial inner membrane was ruptured.

a)

ATP synthesis would be inhibited

b)

ATP synthesis would be promoted

c)

The electron transport chain would increase in activity

d)

The electron transport chain would decrease in activity

68.

FUN FACT: How many ATPs are synthesized from the energy carried by NADH and FADH2 (on average)?

a)

1 NADH = 1 ATP

1 FADH2 = 1 ATP

b)

1 NADH = 2 ATP

1 FADH2 = 1 ATP

c)

1 NADH = 3 ATP

1 FADH2 = 2 ATP

d)

1 NADH = 2 ATP

1 FADH2 = 3 ATP

69.

What organelle does photosynthesis

a)

chloroplast

b)

mitochondrion

c)

nucleus

d)

leaf

70.

Which color light will have the fastest photosynthesis

a)

green only

b)

red only

c)

blue only

d)

white light

71.

What are the two reactants for photosynthesis?

a)

sun

b)

water

c)

oxygen gas

d)

carbon dioxide

72.

What are the two parts of photosynthesis? Select both answers

a)

light reaction

b)

glycolysis

c)

Calvin cycle

d)

electron transport chain reaction

73.

What two energy molecules are made by the light reaction? Select both answers.

a)

NADPH

b)

glucose

c)

ATP

d)

oxygen gas

74.

What is the goal of the Calvin cycle

a)

make sugar

b)

make oxygen gas

c)

make ATP

d)

make water

75.

Which molecule supplies chlorophyll with electrons

a)

sun

b)

water

c)

oxygen gas

d)

NADPH

76.

Photosynthesis makes and uses ATP.

a)

True

b)

False

77.

The oxygen gas we breathe comes from the splitting of water during the light reaction

a)

True

b)

False

78.

The carbon dioxide is used by the plant during

a)

the light reaction

b)

the Calvin cycle

79.

Plants use their stomata to obtain

a)

water

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

oxygen gas

80.

The more CO2 in the air, the faster photosynthesis can occur

a)

True

b)

False

81.

Chlorophyll

a)

converts light energy to electron energy

b)

takes CO2 and combines it with water

c)

absorbs green light

d)

is located in the stroma of a chloroplast

82.

Plants are producers and autotrophs

a)

true

b)

false

83.

Which molecule has more energy?

a)

water

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

sugar

84.

Where is chlorophyll located?

a)

stroma

b)

cytoplasm

c)

thylakoid membrane

d)

stomata

85.

Disc-like structures found in the chloroplasts?

a)

thylakoids

b)

stomata

c)

chlorophyll

d)

stroma

86.

Which of the following are products in the process of cellular respiration?

a)

carbon dioxide and oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide and water

c)

glucose and oxygen

d)

glucose and water

87.

Which of the following are reactants in the process of cellular respiration?

a)

carbon dioxide and water

b)

glucose and oxygen

c)

carbon dioxide and oxygen

d)

glucose and water

88.

Cellular respiration is a process that __________ energy.

a)

absorbs

b)

captures

c)

releases

d)

stores

89.

What is the electron carrier molecule involved in cellular respiration?

a)

DNA

b)

mRNA

c)

NADH

d)

NADPH

90.

What is the alternative name for the Krebs cycle?

a)

acetic acid cycle

b)

carbon fixation

c)

citric acid cycle

d)

pyruvic acid cycle

91.

Aerobic means __________ .

a)

"requires hydrogen"

b)

"needing electrons"

c)

"forming ATPs"

d)

"requires oxygen"

92.

The correct order of stages of cellular respiration is

a)

glycolysis - the Calvin cycle - electron transport.

b)

the light reactions - glycolysis - the Krebs cycle.

c)

glycolysis - the Krebs cycle - electron transport.

d)

electron transport - glycolysis - the Krebs cycle.

93.

Which of the following represents the correct cycling of gases?

a)

b)

c)

d)

94.

Which of the following represents the correct cycling of gases?

a)

b)

c)

d)

95.

Four students classified the main energy conversions that occur during photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Which student best classified the energy conversions that occur in the two processes?

a)

student 1

b)

student 2

c)

student 3

d)

student 4

96.

A cell in the leaf of a green plant performs both photosynthesis and cellular respiration, often at the same time. Which statement best describes how these processes are related to each other?

a)

Both processes produce carbon dioxide.

b)

Both processes require energy directly from the Sun.

c)

Products of one process are used as some of the reactants for the other process.

d)

Thermal energy from one process is used as the energy source for the other process.

97.

Which statement best describes both mitochondria and chloroplasts?

a)

They both contain their own RNA and are involved in transcription.

b)

They both contain their own DNA and are involved in energy conversions.

c)

They both contain their own DNA and are involved in controlling the activities of a cell.

d)

They both contain their own RNA and are involved in storage of nuclear genetic material.

98.

An organism carries out both photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Which statement describes a difference between these two processes?

a)

Only cellular respiration creates chemical energy.

b)

The processes occur in different types of animal cells.

c)

Only photosynthesis changes light energy into chemical energy.

d)

The processes occur at different times during the animal’s life cycle.

99.

What are the THREE outputs of cellular respiration?

a)

ATP

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

glucose

d)

oxygen gas

e)

water

100.
What is needed from the Krebs Cycle in order for the Electron Transport Chain to occur?
a)
ATP
b)
FADH2
c)
CO2
d)
H20
101.
What is a reactant for the electron transport chain?
a)
NADPH
b)
ATP
c)
Oxygen
d)
Water
102.
What is a product of the Electron Transport Chain?
a)
CO2
b)
O2
c)
C6H1206
d)
H2O
103.

The electron transport chain of photosynthesis is initiated by ____ in _____.

a)

Photosystem I; absorption of light

b)

absorption of light; Photosystem I

c)

Photosystem II; absorption of light

d)

absorption of light; Photosystem II

104.

Electron transport helps establish a _____ that powers ATP production.

a)

proton gradient

b)

vacuole

c)

peroxisome

d)

power vault

105.

When Photosystem II absorbs light, it becomes ____.

a)

dull

b)

light

c)

excited

d)

Photosystem IV

106.

This excites the chlorophylls, making its electrons move faster.

a)

Light Photons

b)

Protons-E

c)

Proton Gradient

d)

Neurogen Light

107.

Where does the ETC get the resources it needs to carry out its processes? (Choose all that apply)

a)

glycolysis

b)

Krebs

c)

photosynthesis

d)

mitosis

108.

Enzymes are an example of

a)

lipids

b)

carbohydrates

c)

protein

d)

nucleic acid

109.

What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?

a)

reusable

b)

catalyst

c)

specific

d)

fragile

110.

In the diagram, what is letter A?

a)

product

b)

enzyme-substrate complex

c)

substrate

d)

active site

111.

Letter D...

a)

enzyme

b)

active site

c)

substrate

d)

products

112.

Letter B...

a)

substrate

b)

active site

c)

enzyme

d)

products

113.

Letter C...

a)

products

b)

substrate

c)

enzymes

d)

active site

114.

Letter E...

a)

active site

b)

products

c)

substrate

d)

enzyme

115.

An enzyme speeds up a reaction by

a)

raising the activation energy

b)

lowering the activation energy

c)

releasing energy

d)

absorbing energy.

116.

What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?

a)

The shape of the enzyme are changed and it denatures

b)

The enzymes die

c)

The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes

d)

The enzymes remain the same

117.

What happens to an enzyme when it is denatured?

a)

Activation energy is lowered

b)

It becomes stronger

c)

It loses its shape

d)

Activation energy is raised

118.
This reaction shows a(n) ____________ reaction
a)
Catabolic
b)
Anabolic
c)
Dehydration Synthesis
d)
Halogenation
119.
At low temperatures enzyme activity declines because of:
a)
Denaturation
b)
Decreased Kinetic Motion
c)
Increased H-Bonding
d)
Dissociation of Ionic Compounds
120.
When a molecule can occupy the same active site as the substrate, a situation called __________________ can result
a)
Competitive lnhibition
b)
Allosteric Regulation
c)
Non-Competitive Inhibition
d)
Feedback Inhibition
121.
A receptor site that a molecule can bind to that changes the shape of the active site is called a(n):
a)
Allosteric Site
b)
Active Site
c)
DiSulphide Bridge
d)
MHC Receptor
122.
Which explanation best fits the graph for pH's effect on an enzyme?
a)
As the pH gets closer to neutral more H-Bonds are broken
b)
Larger numbers of H+ & OH- ions distort the active site
c)
There are more collisions between substrates and active sites near the optimal pH
d)
Low pHs cause more H-Bonds to happen near the active site
123.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
124.

 Which of the following would be Most likely to be found in the stomach?

a)

chymotrypsin

b)

pepsin

c)

cholinesterase

d)

papain

125.
Some bacteria live in hot springs. Their cells contain enzymes that function best at temperatures of 70 °C or higher. At the temperature of 50 °C, how will the enzymes in these bacterial cells most likely be affected?
a)
The enzymes will be destroyed by lysosomes
b)
The enzymes will lose their bond structure and fall apart.
c)
The enzymes will require less energy to function than at 70 °C.
d)
The enzymes will not increase the rate of reactions as much as they would at 70 °C. 
126.
The human body maintains a temperature of around 98.6 degrees at all times. Enzymes are involved in almost every chemical reaction in the body. Which of the following describes the connection between these two statements? 
a)
 Enzymes function best at a specific temperature.
b)
The body needs to be warm to prevent hypothermia.
c)
The body is kept relatively warm to prevent too much enzyme action.
d)
 There is no connection between the two statements. 
127.
What will most likely happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction? 
a)
The reaction rate will increase.
b)
The equilibrium of the reaction will be maintained. 
c)
The reaction rate will decrease.
d)
The reaction will stop. 
128.

Activation energy

a)

proteins that speed up chemical reactions

b)

Changing substances by breaking and forming bonds (includes hydrolysis and dehydration reactions)

c)

the capacity for doing work

d)

the energy needed to start a chemical reaction

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