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Science ACP 7th

Total questions: 200

Worksheet time: 2hrs 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

1. Groups of cells that work together to do a specific job are called (a)   .

2.
2. Which type of tissue covers the outside and lines the inner surfaces of the body?
a)
Connective
b)
Epithelial
c)
Muscular
d)
Nervous
e)
Vascular
3.
3. The ability of the human body to maintain stable conditions inside the body, even when conditions outside are changing, is called:
a)
Metabolism
b)
Homeostasis
c)
Digestion
d)
Circulation
e)
Reproduction
4.
4. Which of the following components are part of the skeletal system? (Select all that apply)
a)
Bones
b)
Muscles
c)
Cartilage
d)
Ligaments
e)
Tendons
5.
5. What is one of the four main jobs of the bones of the human skeleton?
a)
Support the digestive tract
b)
Protect internal organs
c)
Produce bile
d)
Transport hormones
e)
Regulate metabolism
6.

6. Chemical digestion uses special proteins called (a)   to break up large food molecules into smaller molecules.

7.

7. The liver produces bile, a liquid that is stored in the (a)   .

8.

8. The tiny filters in the kidneys that collect liquid waste and form urine are called (a)   .

9.
9. The respiratory system gets rid of which waste product that cells produce?
a)
Water
b)
Carbon dioxide
c)
Nitrogen
d)
Ammonia
e)
Oxygen
10.

10. The large curved muscle just below the rib cage that moves up and down causing breathing is the (a)   .

11.
11. Which components are found in blood? (Select all that apply)
a)
Red blood cells
b)
White blood cells
c)
Platelets
d)
Hormones
e)
Plasma
12.
12. Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
a)
Capillaries
b)
Arteries
c)
Veins
d)
Nephrons
e)
Villi
13.
13. Which part of the central nervous system is the control center for your thoughts and voluntary actions?
a)
Brain stem
b)
Cerebrum
c)
Cerebellum
d)
Spinal cord
e)
Neuron
14.

14. The chemical messengers produced by the endocrine system are called (a)   .

15.
15. Which gland produces epinephrine (the "fight-or-flight" hormone)?
a)
Pituitary gland
b)
Thyroid gland
c)
Pancreas
d)
Adrenal glands
e)
Thymus
16.

16. During sexual reproduction, a cell produced in the male testes is called a (a)   .

17.
17. The joining of the sperm and egg cell to form a cell with a unique set of chromosomes is called a(n)...
a)
Embryo
b)
Zygote
c)
Fertilization
d)
Ovulation
e)
Meiosis
18.
18. Which type of blood cell helps fight disease and attack pathogens?
a)
Red blood cells
b)
Platelets
c)
White blood cells
d)
Plasma
e)
Neurons
19.

19. The monthly release of an egg cell from the ovaries is called (a)   .

20.
20. Which organ is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body in the circulatory system?
a)
Lungs
b)
Heart
c)
Liver
d)
Kidney
e)
Pancreas
21.

21. All organisms have unique structures suited to their way of life, but share some features in (a)   .

22.
22. Structures inside a cell that carry out specific functions, like tiny organs, are called:
a)
Nuclei
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
Organelles
d)
Ribosomes
e)
Chromosomes
23.

23. The gel-like fluid that takes up most of the space inside the cell membrane is the (a)   .

24.
24. Which scientist was the first person to observe and name cells by looking at cork?
a)
Carolus Linnaeus
b)
Robert Hooke
c)
Charles Darwin
d)
Gregor Mendel
e)
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
25.
25. The structure that surrounds and protects the nucleus is the:
a)
Cell membrane
b)
Nuclear membrane
c)
Endoplasmic reticulum
d)
Cytoplasm
e)
Cell wall
26.

26. The "powerhouses" of the cell, which use oxygen to transform the energy in food, are the (a)   .

27.
27. Which structures are found in plant cells but not animal cells? (Select all that apply)
a)
Cell wall
b)
Chloroplasts
c)
Nucleus
d)
Cytoplasm
e)
Mitochondria
28.

28. The process by which plants use sunlight to produce sugar for food is called (a)   .

29.
29. The process of dividing the nuclear material during cell division is known as:
a)
Meiosis
b)
Mitosis
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Fertilization
e)
Respiration
30.
30. During which stage of mitosis do the two copies of each chromosome line up in the center of the cell?
a)
Interphase
b)
Prophase
c)
Metaphase
d)
Anaphase
e)
Telophase
31.

31. Cellular respiration combines oxygen with food molecules (sugar) to release (a)   .

32.
32. Cell division allows organisms to grow larger and helps organisms replace:
a)
Organs
b)
Injured cells
c)
DNA
d)
Nutrients
e)
Alleles
33.
33. Which stage is the final stage of cell division where two new daughter cells are formed?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
e)
Interphase
34.

34. The main component of the plant cell wall that provides extra support is (a)   .

35.

35. The cell membrane encloses the cell and acts like a (a)   , allowing some materials to pass through it, but not others.

36.

36. Chromosomes, the genetic structures carrying cell activity information, are made of (a)   .

37.
37. The food-making structures of plant cells that contain chlorophyll are:
a)
Mitochondria
b)
Vacuoles
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Chloroplasts
e)
Nucleolus
38.

38. The stage before cell division starts, where the cell prepares to divide and copies its chromosomes, is called (a)   .

39.
39. Which structure, found inside the nucleus, is responsible for making ribosomes?
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Nucleolus
d)
Cell membrane
e)
Golgi body
40.
40. Which substances are temporarily stored in the fluid-filled vacuoles of animal cells?
a)
DNA
b)
Waste products
c)
Chlorophyll
d)
Enzymes
e)
Ribosomes
41.
41. Which Greek philosopher developed an early classification system dividing living things into animals or plants?
a)
Carolus Linnaeus
b)
Aristotle
c)
Robert Hooke
d)
Charles Darwin
e)
Gregor Mendel
42.

42. The Swedish biologist who developed the first modern classification hierarchy was Carolus (a)   .

43.
43. Which group represents the classification level that contains the most organisms?
a)
Kingdom
b)
Genus
c)
Species
d)
Class
e)
Phylum
44.
44. Which kingdoms belong to the Domain Eukarya? (Select all that apply)
a)
Plants
b)
Bacteria
c)
Fungi
d)
Protists
e)
Animals
45.
45. Organisms that can make their own food through photosynthesis are called:
a)
Heterotrophs
b)
Autotrophs
c)
Consumers
d)
Decomposers
e)
Carnivores
46.

46. Fungi cell walls are made up of a material called (a)   .

47.
47. Animals without backbones are classified as:
a)
Vertebrates
b)
Arthropods
c)
Invertebrates
d)
Mammals
e)
Fish
48.

48. The scientific name of an organism consists of its genus and (a)   .

49.
49. Which of the following organisms is classified as a vertebrate?
a)
Jelly
b)
Scorpion
c)
Fish
d)
Insect
e)
Snail
50.
50. Protists are generally made up of one-celled organisms and simple many-celled organisms, and are classified as:
a)
Prokaryotes
b)
Eukaryotes
c)
Fungi
d)
Archaea
e)
Bacteria
51.

51. Organisms made up of cells whose internal structures are enclosed by membranes (like a nucleus) are known as (a)   .

52.
52. Archaea live primarily in extreme environments such as:
a)
Temperate forests
b)
Hot springs
c)
Freshwater lakes
d)
Tropical grasslands
e)
Shallow seas
53.

53. When classifying plants, scientists often use the term (a)   instead of phylum.

54.
54. The vascular tissue that transports water (ZY-lum) throughout the plant is called the:
a)
Phloem
b)
Xylem
c)
Division
d)
Photosynthesis
e)
Cuticle
55.
55. What is the primary function of phloem tissue in vascular plants?
a)
Provides structural support
b)
Transports food made in the leaves
c)
Absorbs water from the roots
d)
Creates seeds
e)
Generates heat
56.
56. On the taxonomic tree, which group of plants appears at the highest branch, indicating they are the most recent?
a)
Mosses
b)
Ferns
c)
Cone-bearing plants
d)
Flowering plants
e)
Green algae
57.

57. A special key that helps identify organisms by presenting a series of choices is a (a)   key.

58.
58. Which group of plants lacks tube-like structures for internal transport of food and water?
a)
Woody plants
b)
Herbaceous plants
c)
Vascular plants
d)
Nonvascular plants
e)
Flowering plants
59.
59. Which characteristics define arthropods? (Select all that apply)
a)
Jointed legs
b)
Exoskeletons
c)
Simple body plans
d)
Tube-like structures
e)
Distinct body sections
60.
60. How do members of the animal kingdom get their energy?
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Eating other organisms
c)
Decomposition
d)
Chemosynthesis
e)
Cellular Respiration
61.

61. All the organisms that live in an area together with the nonliving factors of the environment define a(n) (a)   .

62.
62. A group of organisms of the same species that live in the same place at the same time is called a(n):
a)
Community
b)
Population
c)
Niche
d)
Biome
e)
Ecosystem
63.

63. Factors that limit how many organisms can live in an environment are called (a)   .

64.
64. The specific role an organism plays within a habitat is called its:
a)
Population
b)
Community
c)
Niche
d)
Biome
e)
Ecosystem
65.
65. Predation is a feeding relationship in which the animal captures and eats the other animal, called the:
a)
Parasite
b)
Host
c)
Prey
d)
Predator
e)
Producer
66.
66. Mistletoe, a plant that feeds on nutrients from other plants, is an example of which symbiotic relationship?
a)
Mutualism
b)
Predation
c)
Competition
d)
Parasitism
e)
Commensalism
67.

67. Organisms that make their own food and form the base of the food chain are called (a)   .

68.
68. Animals that eat only plants are classified as:
a)
Carnivores
b)
Scavengers
c)
Omnivores
d)
Herbivores
e)
Decomposers
69.
69. In the food chain: Pondweed → Snail → Minnow → Perch, the snail is the:
a)
Producer
b)
Primary consumer
c)
Secondary consumer
d)
Tertiary consumer
e)
Decomposer
70.

70. A food web is a system of several overlapping food (a)   .

71.
71. Only about what percentage of energy is passed from one feeding level to the next in an energy pyramid?
a)
90 percent
b)
50 percent
c)
25 percent
d)
10 percent
e)
1 percent
72.
72. Which process releases carbon dioxide back into the environment as a waste product?
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Decomposition
c)
Evaporation
d)
Respiration
e)
Nitrogen fixation
73.

73. The two important forms of matter that cycle through an ecosystem in the carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle are carbon dioxide and (a)   .

74.
74. The process of changing nitrogen gas from the air into nitrogen compounds plants can use is called:
a)
Respiration
b)
Photosynthesis
c)
Nitrogen fixation
d)
Decomposition
e)
Assimilation
75.
75. The first organisms to live in an area during ecological succession are called:
a)
Climax species
b)
Primary consumers
c)
Pioneer species
d)
Decomposers
e)
Herbivores
76.

76. A large region characterized by a distinct climate and specific types of plant and animal life is a(n) (a)   .

77.

77. In the tundra biome, the soil that remains frozen throughout most of the year is called (a)   .

78.
78. Trees that remain green throughout the year and have needle-like leaves are characteristic of which biome?
a)
Deciduous Forests
b)
Tropical Rain Forests
c)
Tundra
d)
Coniferous Forests
e)
Grasslands
79.
79. Deciduous trees drop their leaves each year as an adaptation to:
a)
Maximize photosynthesis
b)
Conserve water and energy during winter
c)
Attract insects
d)
Increase nutrient production
e)
Reduce oxygen consumption
80.
80. The desert biome generally receives less than how much annual rainfall?
a)
5 cm (2 in.)
b)
10 cm (4 in.)
c)
25 cm (10 in.)
d)
50 cm (20 in.)
e)
75 cm (30 in.)
81.
81. The study of all the physical and chemical processes that take place inside the body of an organism is called:
a)
Anatomy
b)
Physiology
c)
Behavior
d)
Heredity
e)
Evolution
82.

82. The chemical process where oxygen is combined with food (glucose) to release energy is called cellular (a)   .

83.
83. The organ that transports food and wastes between the female parent and the fetus in mammals is the:
a)
Zygote
b)
Embryo
c)
Placenta
d)
Oviduct
e)
Uterus
84.

84. The change in shape and appearance that occurs during the life cycle of butterflies and moths is called complete (a)   .

85.
85. Reproduction that involves combining cells from two different parents is called:
a)
Asexual reproduction
b)
Sexual reproduction
c)
Nonsexual reproduction
d)
Mitosis
e)
Fission
86.
86. After meiosis is complete (Step 6 in the diagram), how many chromosomes do the four new cells have compared to the original cell?
a)
Double the number
b)
Half the number
c)
The same number
d)
Three times the number
e)
Zero chromosomes
87.

87. A segment of DNA that carries instructions for the traits of an organism is called a(n) (a)   .

88.
88. The process where a sperm and egg join to form a zygote is called:
a)
Ovulation
b)
Heredity
c)
Fertilization
d)
Mutation
e)
Meiosis
89.
89. If a pea plant inherits one dominant allele (T) for tallness and one recessive allele (t) for shortness, what trait is expressed?
a)
Pure short
b)
Pure tall
c)
Hybrid short
d)
Hybrid tall
e)
Hybrid
90.
90. Which of the following human traits is listed as recessive in the sources?
a)
Curly hair
b)
Widow's peak
c)
Free ear lobe
d)
Attached ear lobe
e)
Rolling tongue
91.

91. The seasonal movement of animals from one place to another is called (a)   .

92.
92. The growth response of a plant to gravity is called:
a)
Phototropism
b)
Thigmotropism
c)
Gravitropism
d)
Photosynthesis
e)
Cellular respiration
93.
93. The process by which organisms with traits better suited to survive in their environment reproduce is central to the concept of:
a)
Evolution
b)
Extinction
c)
Natural Selection
d)
Biodiversity
e)
Adaptation
94.

94. Random changes in genes are called (a)   .

95.
95. The full name of DNA is:
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Dioxygen nitrogen atom
c)
Deoxy nitrate acetate
d)
Double helix acid
e)
Dihydroxide nitrogen
96.
96. In the structure of DNA, Thymine (T) always pairs with which base?
a)
Guanine (G)
b)
Cytosine (C)
c)
Adenine (A)
d)
Uracil (U)
e)
Sugar
97.

97. The theory of (a)   describes the slow change in organisms that occurs over many generations.

98.
98. Which sensory organ contains sensory cells in the retina to detect light?
a)
Skin
b)
Ears
c)
Eyes
d)
Tongue
e)
Nose
99.

99. Sucking to get milk is an example of a(n) (a)   behavior in young mammals, meaning it is encoded in their genes.

100.
100. Adaptations can arise only if there is variety in the offspring, caused by: (Select all that apply)
a)
Predation
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Genetic Variation
d)
Mutations
e)
Extinction
101.
101. Resources that are regularly replaced or replenished by nature are called:
a)
Nonrenewable material resources
b)
Renewable resources
c)
Energy resources
d)
Fossil fuels
e)
Mineral resources
102.

102. Petroleum, coal, and natural gas are nonrenewable resources because they are formed from (a)   .

103.
103. What is the process of splitting the nucleus of an atom to produce energy, free neutrons, and new elements called?
a)
Fusion
b)
Fission
c)
Radioactive decay
d)
Combustion
e)
Decomposition
104.
104. Electricity generated using wind, moving water, or solar energy is classified as:
a)
Fossil fuel energy
b)
Nuclear energy
c)
Geothermal energy
d)
Renewable energy
e)
Nonrenewable energy
105.

105. Devices that use the energy of sunlight to generate electrical energy are called (a)   (PV) cells.

106.
106. Metals like gold, silver, copper, and iron are examples of:
a)
Renewable material resources
b)
Nonrenewable material resources
c)
Renewable energy resources
d)
Biomass
e)
Fossil fuels
107.
107. Plants are a source of wood and paper, making them an example of which type of resource?
a)
Nonrenewable energy
b)
Renewable material
c)
Nonrenewable material
d)
Mineral resource
e)
Fossil fuel
108.

108. The continuous movement of water between Earth's surface and the troposphere is the water cycle, also known as the (a)   cycle.

109.
109. The first step in conserving resources, defined as using less of a resource in the first place, is:
a)
Reuse
b)
Reduce
c)
Recycle
d)
Preserve
e)
Restore
110.

110. Using fewer resources helps reduce the amount of waste that ends up in (a)   .

111.
111. Materials that break down easily when exposed to sun, water, and other elements of nature are called:
a)
Nonrenewable
b)
Synthetic
c)
Biodegradable
d)
Industrial
e)
Toxic
112.

112. Taking unwanted items and turning them into something new of greater value is described by the term (a)   .

113.
113. Sanitary landfills are lined with plastic and synthetic materials to prevent pollutants from leaking into the:
a)
Atmosphere
b)
Soil
c)
Rivers
d)
Ground water
e)
Ocean
114.

114. Substances that can damage living things, often created during industrial processes, are called (a)   wastes.

115.
115. Acid rain is caused by chemicals, like sulfur and nitrogen compounds, combining with what substance in the air to form acids?
a)
Carbon dioxide
b)
Water vapor
c)
Oxygen
d)
Ozone
e)
Methane
116.
116. The thinning of the ozone layer is primarily caused by the use of:
a)
Carbon dioxide
b)
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
c)
Water vapor
d)
Sulfuric acid
e)
Nitrogen gas
117.

117. The trapping of heat in the atmosphere by greenhouse gases is known as the (a)   effect.

118.
118. Which type of pollution involves human activities, like logging, destroying the place where an organism lives?
a)
Air pollution
b)
Habitat loss
c)
Overharvesting
d)
Water pollution
e)
Acid rain
119.
119. A species that is in danger of becoming extinct is classified as an:
a)
Threatened species
b)
Invasive species
c)
Endangered species
d)
Pioneer species
e)
Climax species
120.
120. Renting tools instead of buying them is an example of which conservation method?
a)
Reduce
b)
Reuse
c)
Recycle
d)
Upcycling
e)
Fission
121.
121. A force is defined as a push or a __________ on an object.
a)
mass
b)
distance
c)
pull
d)
velocity
e)
energy
122.

122. When the net force on an object is zero, the forces are said to be (a)   .

123.
123. What two factors determine the strength of gravity between two objects? (Select all that apply)
a)
Mass of the objects
b)
Distance between them
c)
Velocity of the objects
d)
Acceleration
e)
Temperature
124.
124. According to Newton's First Law (Inertia), an object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by a(n):
a)
Balanced force
b)
Unbalanced force
c)
Gravitational force
d)
Frictional force
e)
Magnetic force
125.

125. Newton's Second Law of Motion is represented by the formula F=m×a, where 'a' stands for (a)   .

126.
126. If you apply a constant force to an object, the resulting acceleration is inversely proportional to the object's:
a)
Velocity
b)
Mass
c)
Gravity
d)
Distance
e)
Time
127.

127. For every action force, there is an equal but opposite (a)   force (Newton's Third Law).

128.
128. Which force is caused by negative and positive charges in matter interacting?
a)
Gravitational force
b)
Buoyant force
c)
Centripetal force
d)
Electric and magnetic force
e)
Frictional force
129.
129. The upward force exerted on an object immersed in a fluid is called:
a)
Gravitational force
b)
Buoyant force
c)
Frictional force
d)
Centripetal force
e)
Magnetic force
130.

130. The force that causes objects to move in a circular path is called (a)   force.

131.
131. Friction that occurs between two solid surfaces sliding against each other is called:
a)
Rolling friction
b)
Static friction
c)
Sliding friction
d)
Fluid friction
e)
Air resistance
132.

132. Work is measured in newton-meters, commonly called (a)   .

133.
133. If you push a box with a force of 10 newtons but the box does not move (distance = 0 meters), how much work is done?
a)
10 joules
b)
1 joule
c)
0 joules
d)
20 joules
e)
5 joules
134.
134. Simple machines make work easier by changing the direction, strength, or the __________ of the force.
a)
inertia
b)
velocity
c)
mass
d)
magnitude
e)
friction
135.
135. Which are two of the six simple machines? (Select all that apply)
a)
Lever
b)
Gear
c)
Wheel and axle
d)
Spring
e)
Motor
136.
136. A long rigid bar that rests on a pivot point called a fulcrum is a:
a)
Pulley
b)
Screw
c)
Wheel and Axle
d)
Inclined Plane
e)
Lever
137.

137. A wheel and axle consists of a wheel and a shaft called the (a)   .

138.
138. The formula P=F/A is used to calculate:
a)
Work
b)
Force
c)
Acceleration
d)
Pressure
e)
Momentum
139.
139. According to Bernoulli's principle, as a moving fluid flows faster, the pressure it exerts on surfaces:
a)
Increases
b)
Decreases
c)
Remains constant
d)
Depends only on gravity
e)
Depends only on temperature
140.

140. The output force (Fout​) divided by the input force (Fin​) equals the mechanical (a)   .

141.
141. The theory that Earth's continents were once joined in a single large landmass called Pangaea is known as the theory of:
a)
Plate tectonics
b)
Continental drift
c)
Subduction
d)
Convection currents
e)
Seafloor spreading
142.

142. The hot, soft layer of movable rock below the Earth's solid crust is the (a)   .

143.
143. When a denser ocean plate sinks beneath a continental plate at a convergent boundary, the process is called:
a)
Erosion
b)
Deposition
c)
Subduction
d)
Faulting
e)
Divergence
144.
144. Mid-ocean ridges are built at which type of plate boundary?
a)
Transform boundary
b)
Subduction boundary
c)
Convergent boundary
d)
Divergent boundary
e)
Passive margin
145.

145. The ring-shaped belt of volcano and earthquake activity surrounding the Pacific Ocean is the (a)   .

146.
146. Which type of seismic wave travels fastest and involves compression and expansion of the land?
a)
Secondary (S) waves
b)
Primary (P) waves
c)
Surface (L) waves
d)
Tsunami waves
e)
Tertiary (T) waves
147.

147. The strength of an earthquake, based on the seismic wave energy released, is its (a)   .

148.
148. Which type of volcano is characterized by slow, gentle eruptions and gently-sloped sides formed by cooled lava layers?
a)
Cinder cone volcano
b)
Shield volcano
c)
Composite cone volcano
d)
Stratovolcano
e)
Fault-block mountain
149.

149. The process of breaking rocks up into smaller pieces is called (a)   .

150.
150. Which type of mechanical weathering occurs when water freezes and expands in rock cracks?
a)
Abrasion
b)
Ice Wedging
c)
Oxidation
d)
Release of pressure
e)
Plant action
151.
151. The formation of red-brown rust when oxygen joins chemically with iron is called:
a)
Ice wedging
b)
Oxidation
c)
Abrasion
d)
Carbonation
e)
Dissolving by Acids
152.

152. The process of taking away land material and carrying sediment away is (a)   .

153.
153. A delta is formed when moving water:
a)
Cuts a deep valley
b)
Deposits sediment where it enters the ocean
c)
Flows over a waterfall
d)
Freezes in cracks
e)
Forms a braided river
154.

154. A divide separates two adjacent (a)   .

155.
155. According to the principle of superposition, in undisturbed sedimentary rock layers, the layers on the bottom are generally:
a)
Younger
b)
Softer
c)
Older
d)
Metamorphic
e)
Igneous
156.

156. The age of an object based on its comparison to the ages of surrounding objects is (a)   age dating.

157.
157. The time it takes for half of the radioactive Carbon-14 atoms to change into another element is called the:
a)
Absolute age
b)
Relative age
c)
Half-life
d)
Decay rate
e)
Geologic time
158.
158. Which type of fossil is a space in a rock that has the shape of the remains of a living thing that once occupied that space?
a)
Cast
b)
Mold
c)
Petrification
d)
Trace fossil
e)
Coprolite
159.
159. Which periods belong to the Mesozoic Era? (Select all that apply)
a)
Cretaceous
b)
Tertiary
c)
Jurassic
d)
Triassic
e)
Permian
160.
160. During which geological period did multicellular organisms evolve?
a)
Quaternary
b)
Paleocene
c)
Cambrian
d)
Jurassic
e)
Permian
161.

161. The world's oceans cover almost (a)   percent of Earth's surface.

162.
162. The amount of dissolved salts in water, usually measured in parts per thousand (ppt), is called:
a)
Density
b)
Purity
c)
Salinity
d)
Turbidity
e)
Pressure
163.

163. The effect of Earth's rotation on the path of winds and ocean currents is the (a)   effect.

164.
164. In the Northern Hemisphere, warm surface ocean currents typically move from tropical latitudes toward the:
a)
Poles
b)
Equator
c)
West
d)
South
e)
East
165.
165. The layer of the ocean floor that is the part of the continental margin made up of the shelf, slope, and rise is the:
a)
Abyssal plain
b)
Continental margin
c)
Deep-sea trench
d)
Mid-ocean ridge
e)
Continental crust
166.

166. Deep-sea trenches form at convergent plate boundaries where ocean crust undergoes (a)   .

167.
167. Which ocean life zone extends from the intertidal zone across the continental shelf, where sunlight and nutrients are plentiful?
a)
Open-ocean zone
b)
Deep-ocean floor
c)
Neritic zone
d)
Abyssal zone
e)
Intertidal zone
168.
168. The open-ocean zone is the largest zone where conditions are harsh, and sunlight cannot reach depths greater than about:
a)
200 meters
b)
1000 meters
c)
6000 meters
d)
100 meters
e)
10 meters
169.

169. Nitrogen makes up 78% of Earth's (a)   .

170.
170. Which atmospheric layer is described as the hottest layer?
a)
Troposphere
b)
Stratosphere
c)
Mesosphere
d)
Thermosphere
e)
Exosphere
171.

171. The protective ozone layer is located in the (a)   .

172.
172. What are the three repeating processes of the water cycle (hydrologic cycle)?
a)
Evaporation, run-off, infiltration
b)
Evaporation, condensation, precipitation
c)
Photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition
d)
Tides, currents, waves
e)
Fission, fusion, decay
173.
173. Air masses that form over the ocean near the equator, consisting of warm, moist air, are called:
a)
Continental polar
b)
Maritime polar
c)
Continental tropical
d)
Maritime tropical
e)
Stationary front
174.

174. Lines connecting areas of the same air pressure on weather maps are called (a)   .

175.
175. What instrument is used by meteorologists to measure wind speed?
a)
Barometer
b)
Thermometer
c)
Anemometer
d)
Psychrometer
e)
Hygrometer
176.

176. A psychrometer is made up of a wet-bulb thermometer and a(n) (a)   thermometer.

177.
177. Data from a weather station is displayed on a map using a series of symbols called a(n):
a)
Isobar
b)
Station model
c)
Front
d)
Radar image
e)
Jet stream
178.
178. Which cloud type is wispy, feathery, and made of tiny crystals of ice, usually found at the highest elevation (above 6000 m)?
a)
Stratus
b)
Cirrus or cirro-
c)
Cumulus
d)
Altostratus
e)
Cumulonimbus
179.
179. Global winds, such as the prevailing westerlies, generally steer weather in which direction?
a)
North to South
b)
West to East
c)
East to West
d)
South to North
e)
Polar to Equatorial
180.

180. Unusual warming of ocean water off the coast of Peru that affects weather every few years is known as (a)   .

181.
181. The standard SI unit of measurement for pressure (P) is the:
a)
Newton (N)
b)
Joule (J)
c)
Kilogram (kg)
d)
Pascal (Pa)
e)
Volt (V)
182.
182. During hibernation, what typically happens to a warm-blooded animal's heart rate and breathing rate?
a)
They increase
b)
They decrease
c)
They remain the same
d)
They become erratic
e)
They stop completely
183.
183. What is the primary role of platelets in the blood?
a)
Carrying oxygen
b)
Helping blood clot
c)
Fighting disease
d)
Transporting food
e)
Producing hormones
184.

184. The part of the brain that helps with balance and coordination is the (a)   .

185.
185. Oxidation is a form of chemical weathering where oxygen joins chemically with which element often found in rocks?
a)
Carbon
b)
Iron
c)
Silicon
d)
Aluminum
e)
Calcium
186.
186. Large organisms (like a hippo) are typically larger than unicellular organisms because their cells are:
a)
Fewer in number
b)
Larger in size
c)
Specialized
d)
Easier to divide
e)
More water efficient
187.
187. Which chemical process uses light energy (sunlight) to make sugar (glucose) from carbon dioxide and water?
a)
Cellular respiration
b)
Metabolism
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Mitosis
e)
Transpiration
188.

188. Red blood cells are specialized to carry oxygen and (a)   .

189.
189. How much work is done if you push a box with a force of 30 newtons over a distance of 2 meters (W=F×d)?
a)
60 joules
b)
15 joules
c)
32 joules
d)
28 joules
e)
0 joules
190.

190. The energy source that uses thermal energy from Earth, often involving heated water and steam, is (a)   energy.

191.
191. Which conservation process is defined as taking unwanted items and turning them into something new of greater value?
a)
Reduce
b)
Recycle
c)
Upcycling
d)
Reuse
e)
Fission
192.
192. Which biome is characterized by warm temperatures and abundant annual rainfall (more than 200 cm)?
a)
Tundra
b)
Coniferous Forest
c)
Tropical Rain Forest
d)
Grassland
e)
Deciduous Forest
193.

193. The organic substances in soil that come from decaying animals and plants are called (a)   .

194.
194. Seawater is denser than fresh water primarily because of its:
a)
Depth
b)
Salinity
c)
Temperature
d)
Pressure
e)
Location
195.
195. Which term describes the slow change in organisms that occurs over many generations?
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Adaptation
c)
Extinction
d)
Evolution
e)
Heredity
196.

196. Animals that feed on both producers (plants) and consumers (other animals) are classified as (a)   .

197.
197. The principle of superposition is used for which type of dating?
a)
Absolute age dating
b)
Radioactive decay dating
c)
Carbon dating
d)
Relative age dating
e)
Half-life measurement
198.
198. Which type of waste is defined as substances that can damage living things, often created by industrial processes?
a)
Solid waste
b)
Biodegradable waste
c)
Toxic wastes
d)
Recyclable materials
e)
Sewage
199.

199. The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion is known as (a)   .

200.
200. If forces are unbalanced, the object will experience a change in its:
a)
Mass
b)
Shape
c)
Color
d)
Motion
e)
Size

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