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WorksheetsScience Evolutions Test
Total questions: 77
Worksheet time: 39mins
How old is life estimated to be?
Approximately 4.6 billion years old
Early Earth's surface was primarily composed of
Molten Lava
Soil and Plants
Ice sheets
Solid Granite
Which gas was missing from Earth's early atmosphere?
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Water Vapor
What cooled Earth's surface and helped form oceans?
Solar Flares
Volcanic Eruptions
Meteor Impacts
Rainfall
The idea that life formed from chemical reactions is called
Abiogenesis
Endosymbiosis
Evolution
Genetic Drift
Miller and Urey demonstrated that early Earth conditions could produce
Cells
Proteins and lipids only
Organic Molecules like amino acids
DNA
Which hypothesis proposes that life's building blocks came from space
Hydrothermal Vent
Meteorite
Iron-sulfide bubble
RNA world
Life beginning near deep-sea vents supports which hypothesis?
Meteorite
Hydrothermal Vent
Primordial soup
Liquid membrane
Which molecule is throught to be the earliest genetic material
DNA
RNA
Protien
Lipid
The first living cells were likely
Aerobic eukaryotes
Photosynthetic
Anaerobic prokaryotes
Multicellular
Which major development allowed oxygen to accumulate in Earth's atmosphere
Mutation
Respiration
Photosynthesis
Speciation
Eukaryotes evolved approximately
4.6 BYA
3.8 BYA
3.5 BYA
1.5 BYA
Who proposed the endosymbiotic theory:
Darwin
Wallace
Margulis
Lamarck
Which is evidence for endosymbiosis?
Mitochondria lack DNA
Chloroplasts have circular DNA
Eukaryotes are smaller than bacteria
Organelles cannot reproduce
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar to prokaryotes because they
Have linear DNA
Have no membranes
Are similar in size
Are made of protein only
Most fossils form in which rock type?
Igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
Granite
Fossils are commonly found in environments like
Deserts only
Wet lowlands and shallow seas
High mountains
Arctic tundra
Relative dating determines
Exact age in years
DNA sequence
Order of fossils in layers
Cause of exitnction
Absolute dating uses:
Fossil size
Radioactive decay
Rock color
Bone shape
Carbon-14 dating is best for determining
Relative age
Species relationships
Actual age of organic remains
Continental drift
The fossil record provides evidence that
Species never change
Evolution has occurred
Life appeared suddenly
DNA does not mutate
Which is the largest unit of geologic time?
Period
Era
Epoch
Eon
Which division comes after an era
Eon
Period
Epoch
Century
Paleontologist study
DNA
Embryos
Fossils
Behavior
Transitional fossils are important because they
Disprove evolution
Link ancestors to descendants
Show artificial selection
Prevent Extinction
Archaeopteryx connects
Fish and reptiles
Birds and dinosaurs
Mammals and amphibians
Humans and Apes
Evolution Describes
Individuals changing traits
Species changing over time
Random events only
Climate changes
Darwin gathered key observations during the voyage of the
Challenger
Titanic
Beagle
Endeavor
Darwin Observed Galapagos finches differed mainly in their
Color
Size
Beak shape
Wingspan
Selective breeding by humans is known as
Natural Selection
Genetic drift
Artificial Selection
Mutation
Which scientist proposed inheritance of acquired traits
Darwin
Lamarck
Wallace
Mendel
Malthus influenced Darwin by stating populations are limited by
Mutations
Predators
Resources
Climate
Cuvier used fossils to argue that
Species never change
Species change over time
DNA determines traits
Artificial selection causes evolution
Lyell suggested Earth was
Young
Static
Old enough for gradual change
Created suddenly
Why did Darwin delay publishing
He lost his notes
He feared controversy
He lacked evidence
He was unaware of evolution
What caused Darwin to finally publish
Lamarck's book
A fossil discovery
Wallace's letter
A scientific conference
Overproduction means
Too many mutations occur
Populations grow infinitely
More offspring are produced than survive
Every offspring survives
Variation within a population is caused primarily by
Natural Selection
Mutation
Predators
Fossils
Traits that increase survival become more common through
Genetic drift
Adaptation
Migration
Extinction
The gene pool is
One individual's traits
All alleles in a population
Only dominant traits
Only mutations
Fitness refers to an organism's ability to
Run fastest
Lift most weight
Reproduce successfully
Live longest only
Descent with modification means
Individuals evolve
Traits disappear instantly
Populations change over generations
Mutations stop
Which is not a source of variation
Mutation
Crossing over
Gene flow
Extinction
Competition arises because
Resources are unlimited
Overproduction occurs
Populations are small
No variation exists
Beneficial traits become more common becuase
They appear in fossils
They are inherited and increase survival
The eliminate all variation
They stop mutation
Individuals do not evolve; instead what evolves
Genes
Traits
Populations
Mutations
Directional Selection causes the curve to
Split
Flatten
Shift to one side
Disappear
Stabilizing Selection Favors
Extreme traits
Average Traits
Rare Mutations
New Species
Disruptive Selection Favors
Only the middle
One extreme
Both Extremes
No traits
Which type of selection may lead to speciation
Stabilizing
Directional
Disruptive
Artificial
Speciation Requires
No variation
Isolation
Artificial Selection
Mutation only
Speciation Requires
No variation
Isolation
Artificial Selection
Mutation only
Behavioral isolation results from differences in
Geography
Timing
Mating rituals
Mutation
Geographic isolation can occur due to
Courtship
Mountains or rivers
DNA replication
Gene Flow
Temporal Isolation occurs when populations
Live far apart
Mate at different times
Use different rituals
Look different
Gradual extinction happens due to
Sudden catastrophe
Slow environmental chnages
Human cloning
Speciation
Punctuated equilibrium describes
Constant slow change
No change ever
Burst of change and stability
Artificial breeding
Divergent evolution produces
Analogous traitss
Homologous traits
Identical traits
Random traits
Convergent evolution results in
Homologous traits
Shared ancestry
Analogous traits
No similarities
Adaptive radiation is best described as
Extinction
Many species evolving quickly from one ancestor
Migration
Bottleneck effect
Coevolution occurs between
Unrelated species always
Predator-prey or mutual partners
Fossils only
Populations without contact
Examples of coevolution
Birds and bats
Flowers and pollinators
Humans and bacteria
Lions and fossils
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium requires all except
Large population
Mutation
Random mating
No natural Selection
If a population meets Hardy-Wienberg conditions it is
Evolving
Not evolving
Speciating
Extinct
Gene flow occurs through
Mutation
Migration
Selection
Fossils
Genetic drift affects which populations most
Large populations
Random mating populations
Small populations
Stable populations
Founder effect happens when
A disaster kills most of the population
A few individuals start a new population
Two species interbreed
Natural Selection increases traits
Bottleneck effect results from
Sexual Selection
Population reduction by chance
Overproduction
Mutation
Mutations are important because they
Eliminate varitation
Create new alleles
Reduce alleles
Stop evolution
Endemic Species are those that
Live worldwide
Exist only in one location
Are extinct
Are transitional fossils
Homologous structures support
Convergent evolution
Common ancestry
Random mutation
Artificial Selection
Vestigial Structures Suggest
No ancestry
Structures gained function
Structures lost function over itme
Artificial Selection
DNA comparisons provide evidence from
Morphology
Biogeography
Biochemistry
Embryology
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is evidence of
Fossilization
Artificial selection
Directly observed evolution
Genetic equilibrium
Homologous structures in different species indicate
Common ancestry
No evolutionary relationship
Artificial selection
Convergent evolution
Which scientist is known for the theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics?
Darwin
Lamarck
Lyell
Wallace
Which process increases genetic variation in a population?
Bottleneck effect
Genetic drift
Stabilizing selection
Mutation
