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Unit 3: Cellular Energetics (AP Bio)

Total questions: 159

Worksheet time: 2hrs 24mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which process is the largest contributor to the release of CO2 
a)
Citric Acid Cycle or Krebs Cycle
b)
Pyruvate Oxidation
c)
Glycolysis
d)
Oxidative Phosphorylation 
2.
Which of the following molecules is NOT a byproduct of cellular respiration? 
a)
CO2
b)
Heat
c)
H2O
d)
ATP
3.
If ADP is phosphorylated then what is this indicating in the reaction? 
a)
ADP is forming into ATP
b)
ADP is becoming AMP
c)
ADP is being used to power other reactions
d)
ADP is being created by the reaction
4.
Which process least amount of ATP in cells? 
a)
Glycolysis
b)
Citric Acid cycle
c)
Lactic acid Fermentation
d)
Pyruvate Oxidation
5.
Which molecule is not an important molecule regarding Cellular Respiration? 
a)
H2O
b)
NADH
c)
O2
d)
CO2
6.
When NADH is reduced and oxidized, which response best describes what is lost or gained? 
a)
only Electrons 
b)
2 stable Hydrogen atoms 
c)
Pair of electrons 
d)
2 ATP 
7.
Pyruvate Oxidation creates a specific numbered carbon molecule at the end of it's process. What is the number of carbons for this molecule? 
a)
2
b)
3
c)
6
d)
1
8.
Which process does not occur in aerobic conditions? 
a)
Fermentation
b)
Pyruvate Oxidation
c)
Citric Acid Cycle or Krebs cycle 
d)
Oxidative Phosphorylation 
9.
What is the main job of the electron carriers in cellular respiration? 
a)
Transport electrons and hydrogen atoms to the electron transport chain 
b)
Capture energy throughout the process of cellular respiration
c)
Provide the reactants for the process of cellular respiration
d)
Pump positive hydrogen ions and shuttle electrons across the electron transport chain and contribute to chemiosmosis
10.
What is one function of the other pigments  besides chlorophyll, in the chloroplast?
a)
to block damaging wavelengths of light
b)
to absorb different wavelengths than the chloroplasts
c)
to provide different colors to the leaves
d)
to transfer energy to a separate photosystem beside the one using chlorophyll a and b.
11.
What is the primary function of the light reactions of photosynthesis?
a)
To produce glucose
b)
To produce NADPH and ATP
c)
To use ATP
d)
To produce RuBP
12.
What supplies the electrons that are lost in PS I?
a)
the electrons from PS II
b)
water
c)
glucose
d)
oxygen
13.
What is the primary function of the light reactions of photosynthesis?
a)
To produce glucose
b)
To produce NADPH and ATP
c)
To use ATP
d)
To produce RuBP
14.
What is the function of NADP+?
a)
It absorbs light
b)
It is an electron carrier
c)
It is a light-reflecting pigment
d)
It acts as long-term energy storage
15.
Where is glucose synthesized
a)
Photosystem II
b)
Photosystem I
c)
Calvin Cycle
d)
Glycolysis
16.
Where does the carbon come from that is used to form glucose?
a)
The soil
b)
CO2 in the air
c)
From other carbohydrates
d)
Calvin Cycle
17.
Green plants reflect ________ light.
a)
Red
b)
Green
c)
All
d)
Red and Violet
18.
The H+ concentration gradient is used to 
a)
make NADPH
b)
split a water molecule
c)
generate ATP
d)
form water
19.
Plants with the largest amount of which pigment will be best suited for growing conditions where light has a green hue.
a)
Chlorophyll A
b)
Chlorophyll B
c)
Carotenoids
d)
A combination of all 3
20.
What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?
a)
regenerate ATP for use in the light reactions of photosynthesis
b)
produce carbon dioxide for use in the light reactions of photosynthesis
c)
produce oxygen by oxidizing water
d)
produce simple sugars from carbon dioxide
21.
Which of the following is NOT a product of the light reactions?
a)
ATP
b)
NADPH
c)
Oxygen
d)
Glucose
22.

Where do the dark reactions (Calvin cycle) take place?

a)

thylakoid membrane

b)

lumen

c)

stroma

23.
What is made during the light independent reactions?
a)
ATP
b)
NADPH
c)
sugar
d)
fat
24.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
CO2 + light + H2O --> O2 + glucose
b)
CO2 + glucose + H2O --> O2 + light
c)
O2 + light + H2O --> CO2 + glucose
d)
CO2 + O2 + H2O --> Light+ glucose
25.
How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis related, in terms of energy?
a)
The energy captured in photosynthesis is used to power cellular respiration.
b)
The energy transformed in cellular respiration is used to power photosynthesis.
c)
Photosynthesis and respiration perform the same task in terms of energy transformation
d)
Energy is not involved in either photosynthesis or cellular respiration.
26.
The light independent reactions of photosynthesis happen where?
a)
stroma of chloroplast
b)
mitochondrial matrix
c)
stem
d)
thylakoid membrane
27.
Which product is produced by the splitting of water during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
a)
NADPH
b)
oxygen
c)
glucose
d)
carbon dioxide
28.
In green plants, the primary function of the Calvin cycle is to
a)
Use ATP to release carbon
b)
Split water to release oxygen.
c)
Construct simple sugars from carbon dioxide.
d)
Use NADPH to release carbon
29.
Which of the following statements are false?
a)
Glycolysis can occur with or without oxygen
b)
Glycolysis is the first step in both anaerobic and aerobic respiration
c)
Glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria
d)
Glycolysis produces 2 ATP, 2 Pyruvates, and 2 NADH
30.
What are the products (things that are made) in cellular respiration
a)
ATP
b)
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
c)
Water
d)
All of the above
31.
Glucose is broken down into pyruvate in a process known as 
a)
glycolysis
b)
electron transport
c)
the Krebs cycle
d)
phosphorylation
32.
This term refers to the production of ATP without oxygen being present.
a)
anaerobic
b)
prokaryotic
c)
biogenic
d)
organic
33.
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
a)
6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
b)
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
c)
6CO2 + 6H2O -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
d)
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> 6O2 + C6H12O6
34.
What is cellular respiration?
a)
the breakdown of glucose  to release ATP
b)
the breakdown of glucose to release NADH
c)
the breakdown of glucose to release FADH
d)
the breakdown of glucose to release carbon
35.
Which of these molecules is released during the Kreb's cycle
a)
nitrogen
b)
oxygen
c)
hydrogen sulfide
d)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
36.
What is the main job of the electron carriers in cellular respiration? 
a)
Transport electrons and hydrogen atoms to the electron transport chain 
b)
Capture energy throughout the process of cellular respiration
c)
Provide the reactants for the process of cellular respiration
d)
Pump positive hydrogen ions and shuttle electrons across the electron transport chain and contribute to chemiosmosis
37.
Glycolysis is a _______ process
a)
Anabolic
b)
Catabolic
c)
Single Step
d)
Strictly Eukaryotic
38.
NADH is a ______ form of NAD+.
a)
Reduced
b)
Oxidized
c)
Catabolized
d)
Hydrolized
39.
How many ATP are gained through glycolysis?
a)
0
b)
2
c)
4
d)
30-38
40.
Cellular respiration involves the net _______ of glucose.
a)
Reduction
b)
Oxidation
c)
ATP
d)
REDOX
41.
Which molecule enters Kreb's Cycle?
a)
Pyruvate
b)
Glucose
c)
Acetyl CoA
d)
reducing powers
42.
What enzyme in the ETC is responsible for generating the ATP molecules?
a)
ATPase
b)
ATP synthase
c)
Hexokinase
d)
none of the above
43.
Where does ETC occur?
a)
Mitochondrial matrix
b)
Outer mitochondrial membrane
c)
Inner mitochondrial membrane
d)
Cytosol
44.

after strenuous exercise, a muscle cell would contain decreased amounts of ______ and increased amounts of ______ ____

a)

glucose; ATP

b)

ATP; glucose

c)

oxygen; lactic acid

d)

lactic acid; ATP

45.
site of the krebs cycle
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
46.
Which process takes place in the presence of oxygen and produces nearly 20 times as much as ATP as glycolysis alone?
a)
photosynthesis
b)
lactic acid fermentation
c)
aerobic respiration
d)
alcoholic fermentation
47.
Two different species of bacteria are examined. Scientists find that species X always produces CO2 and H2O during cellular respiration. Species Y always produces ethyl alcohol and CO2. Which conclusion can be made from these observations?
a)
Only species Y is aerobic.
b)
Only species Y is anaerobic
c)
Both species X and Y are aerobic.
d)
Both species X and Y are anaerobic.
48.

A weightlifter is using heavy weights in short bursts for a competition. Because his muscle cells are not able to take in enough oxygen to make very much ATP the weightlifter begins to get fatigue in his muscles. Which of the following processes is most likely going on in the muscles of the weightlifter as he competes in his event?

a)

As the cells run out of oxygen they switch to anaerobic respiration (fermentation), which allows the cell to make small amounts of ATP in the absence of oxygen.

b)

As the cells run out of oxygen, they die off gradually and the weightlifter's muscles have fewer contracting muscle cells.

c)

The cells will never run out of oxygen if the weightlifter is breathing.

d)

As the cells run out of oxygen, they will continue to make the same amount of ATP, since oxygen is not required to make ATP.

49.
What are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration?
a)
oxygen and lactic acid
b)
carbon dioxide and water
c)
glucose and oxygen
d)
water and glucose
50.
What process is found in both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism?
a)
the Kreb's cycle
b)
oxidative phosphorylation
c)
the citric acid cycle
d)
glycolysis
51.
At the end of the Kreb's cycle, where is most of the energy from the original glucose stored?
a)
in CO2
b)
in ATP
c)
in NADH
d)
in pyruvate
52.
During chemiosmosis
a)
H+ ions serve as the final electron acceptor
b)
a concentration gradient is generated when H+ ions are passively transported from the matrix to the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion
c)
energy is released as H+ ions move freely across the mitochondrial membrane
d)
ATP is synthesized when H+ ions move through a channel in ATP synthase
53.
In yeast cells
a)
alcohol is produced during the citric acid cycle
b)
lactic acid is produced during the citric acid cycle
c)
alcohol is produced after glycolysis
d)
lactic acid is produced after glycolysis
54.
What is the main purpose of the Krebs cycle?
a)
to produce ATP
b)
to produce electron donators
c)
to produce water
d)
to produce carbon dioxide
55.
The final electron acceptor of aerobic respiration is
a)
oxygen
b)
water
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
NAD+
56.

Plants use the following reactants for the light reaction

a)

Water and CO2

b)

Water and NADPH

c)

Water and NADP+

d)

NADPH and ATP

57.

Photosynthesis goal is to

a)

convert light energy into glucose energy

b)

use light energy to make oxygen gas

c)

convert sugar energy into ATP

d)

convert sugar energy into oxygen gas

58.

Rubisco is important in which step of photosynthesis

a)

energizing the electrons in chlorophyll

b)

carbon fixation when CO2 is connected to RUBP during calvin cycle

c)

regeneration phase as RUBP is made during calvin cycle

d)

reduction of the carbon chain during the calvin cycle

59.

If the proton (H+) pump in the thylakoid was not working which molecule could not be made during the light reaction?

a)

NADPH

b)

ATP

c)

Water

d)

Oxygen gas

60.

The NADP+ is

a)

oxidized during the light reaction

b)

reduced during the light reaction

c)

oxidized during the Calvin cycle

d)

reduced during the Calvin cycle

61.

Which of the following would have the least affect on photosynthetic rate?

a)

increase the temp from 20 C to 30 C

b)

increasing the CO2 from 400 ppm to 600ppm

c)

increasing the light intesity from 40 Watts to 60 Watts

d)

increasing the amount of O2 from 20% to 30% in the air

62.

Plants obtain CO2 into the chloroplast by

a)

active transport

b)

diffusion

c)

facilitated diffusion

d)

endocytosis

63.

Photosystems are made of

a)

chloroplasts

b)

chromosomes

c)

chlorophyll

d)

cytoplasm

64.

ATP is made during the light reaction using all of the following EXCEPT

a)

proton pump

b)

hydrogen ion gradient

c)

electron energy from photosystem II

d)

NADPH donating electrons

65.

What is FALSE about the calvin cycle

a)

uses the light reactions products

b)

produces a three carbon sugar (G3P)

c)

produces carbon dioxide

d)

produces NADP+

66.

During noncyclic photophosphorylation all of the following occur EXCEPT

a)

ATP is made using electron energy that will leave on NADPH

b)

results in oxygen gas being produced

c)

water is split (photolysis)

d)

electrons from photosystem 1 return back to photosystem 1

67.

Photorespiration involves

a)

the production of oxygen gas during the break down of sugar

b)

the breakdown of sugar when CO2 levels are low.

c)

the production of massive amounts of ATP in the thylakoid

d)

water being pulled out of the plant

68.

Why does photorespiration occur?

a)

stomata are closed and CO2 levels are too low.

b)

stomata are closed and O2 levels are too low.

c)

stomata are open and too much water is leaving the plant

d)

stomata are open and the plant receives too much CO2

69.

What does a C4 plant do?

a)

stores CO2 in a separate cell from its photosynthetic cell during the day

b)

stores CO2 in a vacuole during the night.

c)

can't store CO2 so it sufferes photorespiration

d)

can't store CO2 so it speeds up cellular respiration in order to make more CO2

70.

Plants that store CO2 at night as an acid in a vacuole are called

a)

C3 plants

b)

C4 plants

c)

CAM plants

71.

Which plant LACKS CO2 storage method

a)

C3

b)

C4

c)

CAM

72.

What happens to the oxygen levels if a plant were left in the dark over night?

a)

go up due to photosynthesis

b)

go down due to cell respiration

c)

stay the same since stomata are closed

73.

Which plant would have the most oxygen produced in 1 hour?

a)

plant given red light only

b)

plant given blue light only

c)

plant given white light

d)

plant given green light only

74.

An increase in CO2 in the air would most likely

a)

increase photosynthesis

b)

increase cell respiration

c)

increase photorespiration

d)

increase transpiration

75.
What supplies the electrons that are lost in PS I?
a)
the electrons from PS II
b)
water
c)
glucose
d)
oxygen
76.
What is the primary function of the light reactions of photosynthesis?
a)
To produce glucose
b)
To produce NADPH and ATP
c)
To use ATP
d)
To produce RuBP
77.
Which of the following molecules is not needed for the Calvin Cycle?
a)
CO2
b)
ATP
c)
NADPH
d)
H2O
78.
The light reactions occur in the ________ and the dark reactions take place in the ________.
a)
Chloroplast / thylakoid membrane
b)
stroma / thylakoid
c)
mesophyl / stomata
d)
thylakoid membrane / stroma
79.
When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of
a)
reducing NADP+
b)
splitting water molecules
c)
chemiosmosis
d)
electron transfer in photosystem II and I
80.
The main source of energy for all life comes from ____.
a)
the Earth
b)
the moon
c)
the sun
d)
the food we eat/make
81.
Which of the following is directly associated with Photosystem I?
a)
harvesting light energy to make ATP
b)
receiving electrons from the thylakoid membrane ETC
c)
generation of molecular oxygen
d)
extraction of hydrogen electrons from the splitting of water
82.
Which of the following events occurs in the light reactions of photosynthesis?
a)
NADP+ is produced
b)
ATP is consumed to yield ADP
c)
carbon dioxide is fixed in organic molecules
d)
light is absorbed and funneled to reaction-center chlorophyll a
83.

Which of the following statements best represents the relationships between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle?

a)

The light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the Calvin cycle, and the Calvin cycle returns ADP, ℗i, and NADP+ to the light reactions.

b)

The light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the carbon fixation step of the Calvin cycle, and the Calvin cycle provides water and electrons to the light reactions.

c)

The light reactions supply the Calvin cycle with CO2 to produce sugars, and the Calvin cycle supplies the light reactions with sugars to produce ATP.

d)

The light reactions provide the Calvin cycle with oxygen for carbon fixation, and the Calvin cycle provides the light reactions with sugars to produce ATP.

84.
Which process takes Carbon Dioxide from the air and converts it into a form of carbon used by living things?
a)
Precipitation
b)
Photosynthesis
c)
Respiration
d)
Bioremdiation
85.

Cellular respiration is the process by which ____________ is consumed and _______________ is produced.

a)

Carbon, Oxygen

b)

Oxygen, Carbon dioxide

c)

H20, oxygen

d)

Carbon, H2O

86.
In the pea germination lab, which condition showed the highest rate of respiration?
a)
glass beads
b)
germinated peas
c)
non-germinated peas
d)
cooked peas
87.
In the pea and cellular respiration lab, why weren't the plant conducting photosynthesis?
a)
They were in the dark.
b)
They were just germinating and had no photosynthetic tissues
c)
They were developed under artificial conditions
d)
They were mutant strains of peas.
88.
In the pea germination lab, what is the purpose of KOH (potassium hydroxide)? 
a)
to absorb the oxygen, so you can measure CO2 production
b)
to absorb the CO2, so you can measure oxygen consumption
89.
As oxygen is consumed, what happens to the water in the tubes? 
a)
It stays in the same place.
b)
It moves out of the tube.
c)
It moves into the bottle. 
d)
It moves into the tube. 
90.
In the pea germination experiment, what would you expect to happen to the rate of cellular respiration as the temperature cools down?
a)
It will be unchanged because the metabolic processes are independent of temperature. 
b)
It will speed up because enzymes work faster in cooler conditions. 
c)
It will slow down because enzymes slow down in cooler conditions. 
d)
It will speed up and then slow down as the enzymes run out of substrate. 
91.
In the leaf chad experiment, why did you dissolve baking soda in the water? 
a)
to increase the oxygen in the water
b)
to change the pH of the water. 
c)
to decrease the carbon dioxide in the water
d)
to increase the carbon dioxide in the water
92.
In the leaf chad experiment, you had to use a plunger to remove the gas trapped inside the leaf tissue. Which tissue was the gas trapped inside of?
a)
epidermis tissue
b)
palisade mesophyll
c)
spongy mesophyll
d)
vascular tissues
93.
In the leaf chad experiment, which gas was trapped inside the leaf tissues?
a)
oxygen
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon monoxide
94.
Where does glycolysis occur?
a)
Inner mitochondrial membrane
b)
Mitochondrial Matrix
c)
Cytosol
d)
At a ribosome
95.
site of ATP synthase
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
96.
When complex carbohydrates are digested, what do they become
a)
simple sugars
b)
amino acids
c)
proteins
d)
fatty acids
97.
Glucose is broken down into pyruvate in a process known as 
a)
glycolysis
b)
electron transport
c)
the Krebs cycle
d)
phosphorylation
98.
This term refers to the production of ATP without oxygen being present.
a)
anaerobic
b)
prokaryotic
c)
biogenic
d)
organic
99.

Which of these reactions create water as an end product?

a)

glycolysis

b)

Kreb's

c)

ETC

d)

fermentation

100.

Oxygen is required for ___ to take place

a)

light-dependent

b)

light-independent

c)

ETC

d)

glycolysis

101.
The flow of these ions provide the energy necessary to build ATP. 
a)
water
b)
hydrogen
c)
NADH
d)
oxygen (O2)
102.

A. Chemiosmosis

B. Pyruvate Oxidation

C. Electron Transport Chain

D. Glycolysis

E. Citric Acid Cycle

List the stages of Cellular Respiration in order

a)

D, B, E, C, A

b)

D, E, B, A, C

c)

E, B, C, D, A

d)

A, B, D, C, E

103.

All organisms share this metabolic process

a)

glycolysis

b)

electron transport chain

c)

citric acid cycle

d)

fermentation

104.

anaerobic respiration and fermentation are the same thing

a)

true

b)

false

105.
What is the name of the process that helps make beer and wine?
a)
Fermentation
b)
Alcoholic fermentation
c)
Lactic acid fermentation
d)
Glycolysis
106.
Which type of fermentation occurs in muscles?
a)
Alcoholic 
b)
Lactic acid
107.
How does the amount of energy resulting from fermentation compare with that of aerobic respiration? 
a)
Aerobic respiration results in less energy.
b)
Each process results in equal amounts of energy.
c)
Aerobic respiration results in more energy.
d)
Each process results in variable amounts of energy. 
108.

True or False: The mitochondria contains DNA

a)

True

b)

False

109.

What does a mitochondria look like inside?

a)

a football

b)

The inside membrane of a plant

c)

Double membrane

d)

cytoplasm

110.

Check which structures would be found in a chloroplasts.

a)

Stroma

b)

Thylakoids

c)

Two membranes

d)

Nucleus

e)

Ribosomes

111.

The Calvin Cycle takes place in the:

a)

Stroma

b)

Thylakoid

c)

Grana

d)

Stomata

112.
The enzyme responsible for Carbon Fixation in C3 Photosynthesis is
a)
RuBisCo
b)
PEP Carboxylase
c)
Hexokinase
d)
Pyruvate DeHydrogenase
113.
The enzyme responsible for Carbon Fixation in C4 Photosynthesis is
a)
RuBisCo
b)
PEP Carboxylase
c)
Hexokinase
d)
Pyruvate DeHydrogenase
114.
The first molecule formed after CO2 is added to the Calvin Cycle is:
a)
RuBP
b)
G3P
c)
3-PG
d)
G3P
115.
The molecule that comes out of the Calvin Cycle to produce glucose, and polymers like cellulose is:
a)
RuBP
b)
GP3
c)
3-PG
d)
G3P
116.
In the Calvin Cycle, carbohydrate molecules are:
a)
Reduced
b)
Oxidized
117.
The loss of H2O through stomata is referred to as:
a)
Transpiration
b)
Respiration
c)
Evaporation
d)
Photorespiration
118.
The main advantage of C4 Photosynthesis is the ability to avoid:
a)
Transpiration
b)
Photorespiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Signal Transduction
119.
The main advantage of CAM Photosynthesis is the ability to avoid:
a)
Transpiration
b)
Photorespiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Signal Transduction
120.
Carbon fixation in CAM plants occurs during the:
a)
Day
b)
Night
121.
The main problem encountered by C3 plants in hot conditions is:
a)
Transpiration
b)
PhotoRespiration
c)
Dehydration
d)
Starvation
122.
Which is not a phase of the Calvin Cycle?
a)
Carbon Fixation
b)
Reduction
c)
Regeneration of RuBP
d)
Regeneration of Oxaloacetate
123.
Which is not a product of the Calvin Cycle?
a)
ADP
b)
NADP+
c)
G3P
d)
FADH2
124.
Fermentation involves
a)
aerobic respiration
b)
anaerobic respiration 
125.
What is a disadvantage of fermentation as a process? 
a)
It produces too much ATP
b)
It only produces 2 ATP
c)
It occurs in the absence of oxygen
d)
It is only for quick bursts of energy
126.
Which of the following is true about anaerobic respiration?
a)
It is a fast process
b)
It allows organisms to live in places with little oxygen
c)
It evolved before aerobic respiration
d)
all of the above
127.
Which of the following is NOT made by fermentation
a)
Sauerkraut
b)
Bread
c)
Olive oil
d)
Yogurt
128.
Amino acids are broken down by this process and enter cell respiration.
a)
β-Oxidation
b)
Deamination
c)
Halogenation
d)
Esterification
129.
Which process produces CO2 as a waste product?
a)
Lactic Acid Fermentation
b)
Ethanol Fermentation
130.
During fermentation, pyruvate is ___________ into lactic acid.
a)
Reduced
b)
Oxidized
131.

How does the active site of an enzyme determine the substrate for that enzyme?

a)

The active site has the right polarity to interact with the substrate.

b)

The active site is hydrophobic and interacts with other hydrophobic amino acids on the substrate

c)

The active site has a specific shape that fits the shape of the substrate

d)

The active site uses energy to form covalent bonds with the substrate

132.

Enzymes ___________________ activation energy to speed up chemical reactions.

a)

increase

b)

decrease

133.

How does a competitive inhibitor affect an enzymes function?

a)

It binds to an allosteric site that alters the shape of the enzyme

b)

It changes the polarity of the enzyme, decreasing the rate of reaction

c)

It denatures the enzyme which increases the activation energy for the reaction.

d)

It binds to the active site, preventing the enzyme from catalyzing the reaction

134.

Which of these factors can affect the initial rate of an enzyme reaction?

a)

Enzyme concentration

b)

Substrate concentration

c)

Temperature

d)

pH

e)

All of the above

135.

Based on this graph, which enzyme would function best in a basic environment?

a)

A

b)

B

136.

Why is the hydrolysis of ATP important to a cells function?

a)

It provides a source of phosphate for the cell.

b)

It releases energy that can be used to power cellular processes

c)

It absorbs excess hydrogen ions in the cell to regulate the internal pH

d)

It acts as a catalyst for chemical reactions in the cell.

137.

Why do plants not store 100% of the light energy absorbed by chlorophyll in glucose molecules?

a)

Most of the energy is used to power the reaction or is lost as heat

b)

Plants do not have a high energy requirement, so they do not need to convert 100% of the energy

c)

The energy is used to power ATP synthase proteins on the thylakoid membrane

d)

The remaining energy is used actively transport oxygen out of the cell.

138.

How does a competitive inhibitor affect an enzymes function?

a)

It binds to an allosteric site that alters the shape of the enzyme

b)

It changes the polarity of the enzyme, decreasing the rate of reaction

c)

It denatures the enzyme which increases the activation energy for the reaction.

d)

It binds to the active site, preventing the enzyme from catalyzing the reaction

139.

A substance that loses an electron has been...

a)

reduced

b)

oxidized

c)

negatived

d)

positived

140.

The image depicts an...

a)

endergonic reaction

b)

exergonic reaction

c)

enzyme-catalyzed reaction

d)

endothermic reaction

141.

This image depicts...

a)

Metabolism

b)

Catalbolism

c)

Enzyme catalysis

d)

Anabolism

142.

ADP is converted into ATP by...

a)

An enzyme removing a phosphate group.

b)

An enzyme adding a phosphate group.

c)

An enzyme changing the charge of ADP.

d)

The spontaneous addition of a phosphate group.

143.

The substance that binds to an enzyme is called a?

a)

Polypeptide

b)

Co-enzyme

c)

Vitamin

d)

Substrate

144.

Changes in pH and temperature can ___________________ an enzyme which causes it to lose its shape and affects its function.

a)

puncture

b)

denature

c)

double

d)

delete

145.

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are necessary for reactions in our cells?

a)

The reactions are too slow to meet the needs of the cell if enzymes are missing.

b)

Enzymes supply the oxygen necessary for the reactions.

c)

Enzymes change reactants from solid to liquid during the reactions.

d)

The reactions take up too much space in the cell if enzymes are missing.

146.

What is the optimal pH for this enzyme?

a)

6

b)

10

c)

9

d)

7

147.

The ____________________ mechanism describes how each substrate must fit into the enzyme.

a)

lock and key

b)

hammer and nail

c)

jigsaw puzzle

d)

seesaw

148.

The _____________________ mechanism describes how an enzyme changes shape once the substrate is bonded.

a)

hammer and nail

b)

induced fit

c)

jigsaw puzzle

d)

lock and key

149.

Where do substrates bind to an enzyme?

a)

calcium channels

b)

active site

c)

receptor molecules

d)

voltage-gated channels

150.

Once a new product leaves an enzyme, the enzyme is unchanged and ready for the next substrate. What is this called?

a)

fragile

b)

reusable

c)

specific

d)

catalyst

151.

All of the following affect the functioning of an enzyme EXCEPT:

a)

pH

b)

temperature

c)

metabolism

d)

enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, inhibitor molecules

152.

After the enzyme and substrate bind together and perform the reaction, what does the substrate become?

a)

a substrate

b)

an active site

c)

an enzyme

d)

a product

153.

What is the optimal temperature of this enzyme?

a)

60

b)

40

c)

70

d)

30

154.

Which letter represents the product?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

155.

Which enzyme represents the substrate?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

156.

Which letter represents the enzyme?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

157.

Exothermic reactions:

a)

release energy

b)

absorb energy

158.

Endothermic reactions:

a)

release energy

b)

absorb energy

159.

Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic?

a)

Endothermic

b)

Exothermic

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