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WorksheetsHuman Body System, part 2
Total questions: 137
Worksheet time: 2hrs 48mins
What carries food from the pharynx to the stomach?
larynx
trachea
esophagus
bronchioles
What type of digestion takes place in the stomach?
mechanical
chemical
both mechanical and chemical
Where does the process of digestion begin?
mouth
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
What enzyme is found in saliva that starts digesting carbohydrates?
amylase
chyme
pepsin
bile
Where does the absorption of nutrients from food take place?
stomach
liver
small intestine
large intestine
What makes the small intestine have such a large surface area?
21 feet long
villi
microvilli
all answers contribute
What part of the digestive system mechanically and chemically breaks down food?
mouth
stomach
both the mouth and stomach
What chemically breaks down food into smaller molecules?
teeth
muscles of the stomach
enzymes
What are the rhythmic muscular contractions of your esophagus called to help food move along?
swallowing
peristalsis
inertia contractions
paralysis
What does the pancreas do?
produces digestive enzymes to break down proteins and fats
produces sodium bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid
regulates our blood sugar levels
all answers are correct
What are the rhythmic muscular contractions of your esophagus called to help food move along?
swallowing
peristalsis
inertia contractions
paralysis
Where does the digestion of proteins take place?
Mouth and stomach
Stomach and small intestine
Mouth and small intestine
Mouth, stomach and small intestine
What is the aim of the digestion?
Obtain matter and energy
Obtain nutrients from food and break it down into small molecules, which are then absorbed
Break down food into inorganic nutrients
Obtain nutrients form food and transport it to the cells
Where does the absorption take place?
Oesophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Digestive tract
What are the two components of the gastric juice?
Pepsine and hydrochloric acid
Saliva and bile
Bile and hydrochloric acid
Amyase and hydrochloric acid
Which are the three juices released in the duodenum (small intestine)?
Bile, pancreatic juice and gastric juice
Bile, pancreatic juice and intestinal juice
Bile, gastric juice and saliva
Bile, intestinal juice and pancratic juice
Which are the nutrients digested in the mouth?
Carbohydrates and proteins
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Fats
All the abov
What is the enzyme contained in the saliva?
Amylase
Pepsine
Hydrochloride acid
Lipase
Where is the bile stored?
Liver
Gall bladder
Pancreas
Small intestine
Where is the pancreatic juice released?
Small intestine
Stomach
Large intestine
Mouth
Where is the gastric juice released?
Stomach
Small intestine
Mouth
Large intestine
What is the function of the villi?
To increase the absorption surface
To digest the last nutrients
To form feces
To comb the small intestine
What is the function of the large intestine?
The absorption of water and some vitamins, formation and storage of faeces
The absorption of nutrients
The digestion of fats
Transport the nutrients to the blood stream
What is the function of the villi?
To increase the absorption surface
To digest the last nutrients
To form feces
To comb the small intestine
What are the filtering units of the kidneys?
nephrons
ureters
nuerons
alveloi
What are kidney stones?
crystallized bile
crystallized urine
crystallized saliva
Endocrine glands secrete _
Hormones
Neurotransmitters
A wide range of chemical substances
Which term refers to the body's use of energy for energy and growth?
Excretion
Metabolism
Digestion
Respiration
Feedback loops are important because they allow organisms and the environment to
change based on new inputs
fall apart
change based on new outputs
maintain balance
Hormone regulation operates under which type of feedback mechanism?
positive feedback
negative feedback
zero feedback
Hormones are not regulated
What is the term for a strong response to a harmless antigen in the environment?
An allergy
Cell-mediated immunity
An autoimmune disease
Inflammatory response
White blood cells are an important part of the human immune response. Two types of white blood cells, neutrophils and macrophages, act as phagocytes. Phagocytes perform which of the following functions in the human body?
They produce antibodies.
They bind to antigens and develop into plasma cells
They form a barrier against pathogens.
They engulf and destroy bacteria
Many species of bacteria have become resistant to antibiotics because antibiotics have been so widely used. Now, bacteria that used to be killed by antibiotics are more difficult to treat. What is the best way to proceed in dealing with this public health problem?
Antibiotics should no longer be used.
Antibiotics should be made available to anyone without a prescription.
Antibiotics should only be prescribed to people with bacterial infections.
Anti-viral medications should now be used instead of antibiotics.
In what domain should this organism be classified?
Eukarya
Bacteria
Prokaryote
Protista
Which Immunity is involved with remembering specific pathogens?
Innate Immunity
Adaptive Immunity
What is an example of Artificial active immunity?
Vaccination
Natural infection
What is the difference between Adaptive Immunity and Innate Immunity?
Innate is non specific and Adaptive is specific
Innate has several barriers
Innate uses several lymphocytes while Adaptive uses 2 types
All of the above
If you go to your doctor and get flu shot, what type of immunity is this an example of?
Innate Immunity
Artificial Immunity
Passive Immunity
Natural Immunity
Why does the Adaptive Immune System keep a memory of the pathogens they fight off, but Innate System does not?
Adaptive immunity is present at birth and needs to keep a memory of these pathogens over time, but Innate immunity is temporary so it does not a memory of pathogens.
Adaptive immunity is short lived, it keeps a memory of pathogens for future reference, whereas Innate immunity is present at birth so it does not need to keep a memory.
Innate immunity does not fight off pathogens so it cannot keep a record, while Adaptive immunity only fights off pathogens, therefore needing to keep a memory of them.
What role do mucus and stomach acid have in common?
Acting as barriers to pathogens
Stopping particles from being transmitted further into your body
Fighting off and/or trapping bacteria to prevent infections
What are the major types of cells of Adaptive (Specific) Immunity?
Natural Killer Cells
Neutrophils and Basophils
T cells and B cells
Eosinophils and Macrophages
Which of the following is true for both bacteria and viruses?
both contain genetic material
can be killed using antibiotics
have a cell membrane
have a protein coat
Which statement is true about viruses?
Viruses can eat and metabolize food.
Viruses can reproduce only using a host cell.
Viruses can reproduce on their own at any time.
Viruses contain DNA, so they are alive.
The use of what modern technology has cause the rise in resistant bacteria
vaccines
antibiotics
fertilizers
solar panels
One important way to control the spread of viruses in through
the use of vaccines
drinking a lot of tea
the use of other types of bacteria
the use of antibiotics
What type of cells contain a nucleus?
bacterial cells
virus cells
prokaryotic cells
eukaryotic cells
A bacterium reproduces asexually by dividing to form two new bacterial cells. What is the name of the process by which bacteria reproduce?
meiosis
mitosis
budding
binary fission
Which of the following is a risk of overusing antibiotics to treat infections>
Bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.
Antibiotics increase the rate of infection.
Antibiotics cause other diseases to develop.
Antibiotics only work once.
Bacteria come in which of the following shapes?
rod, cone, spiral
rod, sphere, spiral
rod, sphere, cone
sphere, cone, spiral
What do viruses need to reproduce?
Genetic material
A host cell
Bacteria
Insulin
Which viral life cycle kills its host cell by lysing (bursting)?
Lysogenic Cycle
Lytic Cycle
Binary Fission
Conjugation
Which of the following is a viral infection?
cholera
influenza
strep throat
tuberculosis
A viral infection that weakens a person's immune system for the rest of their life is..
strep throat
HIV/AIDS
tuberculosis
the plague
What are rod shaped bacteria called?
Bacili
Cocci
Spirilla
Coccus
What are spherical shaped bacteria called?
Bacili
Spirilla
Cocci
Spirochete
What is spiral shaped bacteria called?
Cocci
Corksrew
Spirilla
Bacili
Bacteria that use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water to carbon compounds and oxygen as a way to obtain energy is...
Photoheterotrophs
Chemoheterophs
Chemptrophic autotroph
Phototrophic autotroph
Bacteria that obtain energy by taking in organic molecules for both energy and a source of carbon to obtain energy are called...
Photoheterotrophs
Chemoheterophs
Chemotrophic autotrophs
Phototrophic autotrophs
Which is not a method of respiration for bacteria?
Obligate aerobes
Facultative aerobes
Obligate anaerobes
Facultative anaerobes
Bacteria reproduce by means of what?
Binary Fission
Splitting
Conjugation
Transformation
What is the name of the scientist that developed the first antibiotic (penicillin)?
Charles Darwin
Louis Pasteur
James Watson
Alexander Fleming
Which is the correct order of the steps of the lytic cycle?
Adsorption; replication; entry; assembly; release
Attachment; entry; replication; assembly; release
Attachment; entry; assembly; replication; exit
Entry; adsorption; replication; assembly; release
Which of the following is NOT an environment factor that prompts a virus to move from the lytic cycle to the lysogenic cycle?
Illness and/or disease
Lack of sleep; change in diet
Stress; too much or too little UV radiation
All of these are external factors that trigger this to happen
Viruses that copy backwards - from RNA to DNA instead of DNA to RNA - are called:
anti-virals
prophage
lytic viruses
retroviruses
scientists discovered microorganisms and the first one who demonstrated that microorganisms from the air are able to grow in nutrient solutions was …..
John snow
Koch
Louis Pasteur
Scientists were not able to clearly demonstrate germ theory, the first one who managed to develop a technique to demonstrate this theory was…..
Louis Pasteur
Koch
John snow
Koch established and published experimental steps known as Koch’s postulates, which are rules for demonstrating that an organism causes a disease. How many are Koch’s postulates?
3
5
6
4
Scientists were not able to clearly demonstrate germ theory, Koch was the first scientist who managed to develop a technique to demonstrate this theory. This theory can be applied to all pathogens.
True
False
The set of criteria used to link a disease to a specific pathogen is known as
Pasteur's Postulates
Lister's Premises
Koch's Postulates
Trump's Postulates
Layers of membrane surrounding the genetic material inside of a cell
Endospore
Free spore
