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Unit 8 Test Review

Total questions: 117

Worksheet time: 17hrs 7mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Evaporation is a state change from?

a)

Ice to liquid.

b)

Liquid to gas.

c)

Gas to solid.

d)

Crystals to water.

2.

The __________ is all the water on the surface of the Earth, underground, and in the atmosphere.

a)

Hydrosphere

b)

Asthenosphere

c)

Geosphere

d)

Atmosphere

3.

What part of the water cycle takes place when any form of water falls from clouds and reaches Earth's surface?

a)

Evaporation

b)

Condensation

c)

Water accumulation

d)

Precipitation

4.

What part of the water cycle takes place when water vapor sticks to particles in the air and forms clouds?

a)

Precipitation

b)

Evaporation

c)

Condensation

d)

Water accumulation

5.

During the water cycle, when water changes to a solid is is during which step?

a)

Evaporation

b)

Condensation

c)

Precipitation

6.

During the water cycle, when water changes to a gas it is during which step?

a)

Evaporation

b)

Condensation

c)

Precipitation

7.

T/F: The water cycle is driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity.

a)

True

b)

False

8.

T/F: Only water from the ocean is evaporated.

a)

True

b)

False

9.
Which best explains why runoff is important?
a)
It returns water to other locations on Earth
b)
It increases the chance of flooding
c)
It makes evaporation occur faster
d)
It increases condensation
10.
Snow, sleet, hail, and rain are all examples of  ________________. 
a)
evaporation
b)
condensation
c)
accumulation
d)
precipitation
11.
What is A?
a)
Evaporation
b)
Condensation
c)
Precipitation
d)
Runoff
12.
What is B?
a)
Evaporation
b)
Condensation
c)
Precipitation
d)
Runoff
13.
Which of these is not an example of precipitation?
a)
rain
b)
clouds
c)
sleet
d)
snow
14.

Humans burn fossil fuels and wood, releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. This carbon dioxide is then absorbed by trees for photosynthesis. These processes are contributory to which chemical cycle?

a)

The carbon cycle

b)

The water cycle

c)

The nitrogen cycle

d)

The phosphorous cycle

15.

How does the human body return carbon to the atmosphere in the carbon cycle?

a)

Waste products

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Cellular respiration

d)

Formation of glucose

16.

In the carbon cycle, animals can release carbon back into the cycle through __________ or through __________.

a)

burning . . . photosynthesis

b)

fixation . . . decomposition

c)

decomposition . . . photosynthesis

d)

respiration . . . decomposition

e)

respiration . . . photosynthesis

17.

Which of the following is an example of human impact on the carbon cycle?

a)

The increased production of methane gases from cattle farms

b)

The burning of fossil fuels

c)

The cutting down of trees for lumber

d)

Driving automobiles

e)

All of the above

18.

If a forest fire occurs, what will happen to the carbon in the forest?

a)

It will go into the soil

b)

It will go into the atmosphere

c)

It will runoff into nearby streams and rivers

d)

It will be destroyed

19.

What kind of organism takes out the most carbon from the atmosphere?

a)

Plants

b)

Bacteria

c)

Animals

d)

Humans

20.

Which of the following are some of the major carbon stores on Earth? You can choose multiple answers

a)

The ocean

b)

The lithosphere (upper part of Earth's crust)

c)

The atmosphere

21.
Which one of these does not add CO2 to the atmosphere?
a)
cooking with gas
b)
planting trees
c)
burning wood
d)
riding in a bus
22.
What does not produce carbon dioxide?
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Burning Fossil Fuels
c)
Animal respiration
d)
Plants decaying
23.
Organisms that do not decompose can be buried and become what?
a)
water
b)
nutrients
c)
air
d)
fossil fuels
24.
How animals get the nitrogen they need
a)
from the air they breathe
b)
from the water they drink
c)
from the food they eat
d)
from the Sun
25.
Organisms that need nitrogen to survive
a)
only plants
b)
only animals
c)
only bacteria
d)
all living organisms
26.
Bacteria fix nitrogen on plant roots. Plant roots provide sugar to bacteria. This is an example of
a)
mutualism
b)
parasitism
c)
commensalism
d)
competition
27.
Organism that breaks down dead plants & animals and releases nitrogen back into atmosphere
a)
bacteria
b)
plants
c)
animals
d)
producers
28.

What converts nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants and animals?

a)

bacteria

b)

rain

c)

fungi

d)

car exhaust

29.

The process in which nitrogen circulates and is recycled is called

a)

The nitrogen cycle

b)

The carbon cycle

c)

The water cycle

d)

The phosphorus cycle

30.

How is nitrogen "fixed" into a usable form for plants?

a)

Through action of bacteria only

b)

Through lightning only

c)

Through action of bacteria and lightning

d)

Through photosynthesis

31.

Gas that makes up 78% of our atmosphere.

a)

Oxygen

b)

Nitrogen

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Carbon Dioxide

32.

What is the process of combining nitrogen gas with other elements to make nitrogen into usable compounds?

a)

nitrogen composition

b)

nitrogen fixation

c)

ammonia

d)

denitrification

33.

What process occurs when dead plant and animal matter decomposes and nitrogen is released back into the atmosphere?

a)

Assimilation

b)

Fixation

c)

Ammonification

d)

Denitrification

34.

All food webs and food chains begin with _________________.

a)

primary consumer

b)

producers

c)

secondary consumers

d)

tertiary consumers

35.
In this energy pyramid, which organisms have the most energy available?
a)
Producers
b)
Carnivores
c)
Herbivores
d)
Top Predator
36.
How many carnivores are shown in this food web?
a)
6
b)
4
c)
5
d)
3
37.

In an ecological pyramid, which type of organism always has the least amount of energy available?

a)

Producers

b)

Herbivores

c)

Carnivores

d)

Apex Predator

38.

If there are 100 Kcal of energy available in the producers, how much energy would be available in the primary consumers?

a)

10 Kcal

b)

1 Kcal

c)

100 Kcal

d)

1000 Kcal

39.

Which organism do the owl and the weasel compete for in the food web?

a)

Hawk

b)

Spider

c)

Grasshopper

d)

Shrew

40.

Based on the image, which organism recieves the least amount of energy from the producer?

a)

Owl

b)

Grasshopper

c)

Lilypad

d)

Mouse

41.
In a food web, arrows point at:
a)
who gets energy.
b)
who gets eaten.
42.
An organism that eats the secondary consumer.
a)
Primary Consumer
b)
Secondary Consumer
c)
Tertiary Consumer
d)
Consumer
43.
Organisms which carry out the process of decomposition by breaking down dead or decaying organisms.
a)
Consumer
b)
Producer
c)
Decomposer
d)
Herbivore
44.
Energy increases as you move up the food pyramid (from bottom to top).
a)
True 
b)
False
45.
What is this called?
a)
Food Web
b)
Food Chain
c)
Abiotic Factors
46.

How are primary consumers different from secondary consumers?

a)

Primary consumers eat only plants; secondary consumers eat other consumers.

b)

Primary consumers eat other consumers; secondary consumers eat only plants.

c)

Primary consumers eat plants and other consumers; secondary consumers eat plants and decompose matter.

d)

Primary consumers eat plants and decompose matter; secondary consumers eat plants and other consumers.

47.
How much of the energy in each level of a ecological pyramid gets lost as heat or used by the organism so that it cannot be passed on to the next trophic level?
a)
80%
b)
90%
c)
10%
d)
20%
48.
The diagram represents a pyramid of energy in an ecosystem.  Which level would most likely contain organisms that do photosynthesis?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
49.
Barnacles create home sites by attaching themselves to whales. This relationship neither harms nor benefits the whales. 
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
50.
Yucca flowers are pollinated by yucca moths. The moths lay their eggs in the flowers where the larvae hatch and eat some of the developing seeds. Both species benefit. 
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
51.
Mistletoe extracts water and nutrients from a spruce tree. The spruce tree is harmed. 
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
52.
 The stork uses it saw-like bill to cut up the dead animals it eats. As a result, the dead animal carcass is accessible to some bees for food and egg laying. The relationship neither harms nor benefits the stork.
a)
parasitism
b)
commensalism
c)
mutualism
53.

Which of the following shows the symbiotic relationship between the Rodent and the Bird?

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Competition

54.
a relationship that occurs when two or more organims of the same species need the same resource at the same time
a)
competition
b)
symbiosis
c)
predation
55.
In a parasitic relationship, one organism is ___________ and one organism is benefiting. 
a)
helped
b)
harmed
c)
not effected
d)
happy
56.
In a mutual relationship, both organisms are ________________. 
a)
hurt
b)
not effected
c)
harmed
d)
benefiting 
57.
Commensalism is where one organism is benefiting and the other organism is _____________________. 
a)
not effected
b)
helped
c)
harmed
d)
hurt
58.

Which of the following is an example of a population?

a)

All of the trees in a given area

b)

All of the trees and soil in a given area

c)

The trees together with the organisms that live in them

d)

All of the blue jays living in a given area

59.

An ecosystem has a family of rabbits living together in a burrow. This is an example of a(n):

a)

organism

b)

species

c)

population

d)

community

60.

All of the living organisms in an ecosystem make up its:

a)

population

b)

community

c)

habitat

d)

species

61.
The heart is an example of a(n) _________.
a)
Organ system
b)
Organ
c)
Organism
d)
Tissue
62.
The circulatory (cardiovascular) system is an example of a(n) _______.
a)
Organism
b)
Organ system
c)
Organ
d)
Cell
63.
What is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a biological community?
a)
energy path
b)
food web
c)
trophic level
d)
food pyramid
64.

Food webs are models that show

a)

one sequence of producers and consumers.

b)

complex networks of feeding relationships.

c)

stored energy in food chains

d)

only primary consumers in an ecosystem

65.

Which takes longer, primary or secondary succession?

a)

Primary Succession

b)

Secondary Succession

66.

What are the species called that appear first during primary succession?

a)

Pioneer Species

b)

New Species

c)

Alpha Species

d)

Mature Species

67.

True or false: trees are a type of pioneer species

a)

True

b)

False

68.
How do lichens contribute to primary succession?
a)
Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
b)
Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
c)
Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria
d)
Lichens convert carbohydrates into fossil fuels.
69.
What is formed during primary succession that doesn't need to be formed during secondary succession?
a)
pioneer species
b)
soil
c)
climax community
d)
lichens
70.
After a forest fire, an ecosystem would start regrowth through -
a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
c)
climax community
d)
limiting factors
71.
succession that occurs in an area with no soil
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
72.

Which experiences the least change over time?

a)

Pioneer Species

b)

Primary Succession

c)

Aquatic Succession

d)

Climax Community

73.

Which of the following best describes primary succession?

a)

Volcano wipes out ecosystem that gradually grows back from ash covered soil

b)

Volcano creates a new island of rock that must break down to form an ecosystem

c)

Forest fire burns down forest that must bounce back over time

d)

Tornado destroys a crop that must slowly grow back over time.

74.

If farmers use a controlled burn to prevent forest fires, what would most likely be the first plants to return?

a)

trees

b)

shrubs

c)

mosses

d)

grasses

75.
What is the order of succession shown in this figure?
a)
A, B, C, D
b)
B, A, D, C
c)
C, D, A, B
d)
D, A, B, C
76.
What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?
a)
primary succession
b)
ecological succession
c)
secondary succession
d)
intermediate
77.
After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?
a)
Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees
b)
Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses
c)
Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees
d)
Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees
78.

What decreases the size of a population

a)

immigration

b)

emigration

79.

Populations consist of

a)

a single species

b)

multiple species

c)

the biotic and abiotic factors of an environment

d)

a grouping of ecosystems

80.

At what population was carrying capacity met?

a)

250

b)

1000

c)

400

d)

720

81.

Exponential population growth can be described as

a)

growth when resources are limited

b)

a j-shaped curve

c)

a s-shaped curve

d)

growth that reaches carrying capacity

82.

Logistic population growth can be described as

a)

growth when resources are limited

b)

a s-shaped curve

c)

reaching carrying capacity

d)

all of the above

83.

What limits Population Growth?

a)

birth rates increasing

b)

resources being used up

c)

natural selection taking place

d)

none of the above

84.

Which country will have the most rapid population growth?

a)

Sweeden

b)

United States

c)

Mexico

d)

None

85.

As resources become less available the growth of a population

a)

slows or stops

b)

decreases or increases

c)

up or down

d)

in or out

86.

occurs when population slows or stops following a period of exponential growth.

a)

no growth

b)

population growth

c)

logistic growth

d)

exponential growth

87.

Exponential Growth occurs when-

a)

populations have plenty of food/space

b)

home to keystone species

c)

have few evasive species in a habitat

d)

have little to no competition or predators

88.

Causes of death in a population may be-

a)

density dependent & density independent

b)

dispersion independent

c)

density independent

d)

independent density

89.

Three factors can affect population size

a)

births, deaths,leaves or enters population

b)

deaths, birth, buildings

c)

photosynthesis, weather, deaths

d)

houses, weather, heath

90.

If the amount of food or resources available increases, the carrying capacity for an animal.....

a)

Stays the same

b)

Increases

c)

Decreases

d)

Fluctuates

91.

When a population grows past the ecosystem's carrying capacity, what happens to the population?

a)

Continues to grow

b)

The population starts to die off to return to carrying capcity

c)

The population will go extinct due to lack of resources

d)

The population grows then finds a new carrying capacity

92.

Predator population lags behind prey population because......

a)

Increase in predators leads to decrease in prey

b)

Increase in predators leads to increase in prey

c)

Increase in predators leads to decrease in producers

d)

Increase in producers leads to increase in prey

93.

Which of the following is a density-dependent limiting factor?

a)

human activities

b)

unusual weather

c)

competition

d)

natural disaster

94.
Which of the following is a density-independent limiting factor?
a)
natural disaster
b)
predation
c)
disease
d)
parasitism
95.

Which of the following would NOT be an example of a density dependent limiting factor?

a)

fire

b)

disease

c)

lack of food

d)

space

96.

Which of the following would NOT be an example of a density independent factor?

a)

predation

b)

tornado

c)

hurricane

d)

fire

97.

Which of the following are examples of a density independent factors?

a)

forest fire

b)

seasonal cycles

c)

storms

d)

disease

98.

Which of the following are density dependent factors?

a)

competition for resources

b)

predation

c)

disease

d)

natural disasters

99.

What would human alterations of the environment be considered? Ex. Cutting down the rain forests

a)

Density-independent

b)

Density-dependent

100.

Since snakes prey on frogs, an increase in the frog population causes an increase in the snake population.

a)

Density-dependent

b)

Density-independent

101.

Which of these is NOT an example of interspecific competition?

a)

Oysters and barnacles competing for settling space on the rocky shore

b)

Goats and sheep in the same paddock competing for grass

c)

Ferns and kawakawa competing for shaded locations in a forest

d)

Stags competing for mates

102.

Which of these are conditions required for two species to compete? (select all that are correct):

a)

Live in the same habitat

b)

Use the same resources

c)

Active at the same time of day

d)

Have different niches

103.

Which of these best describes interspecific competition?

a)

One species benefits while another species is harmed

b)

One species benefits while another species is killed

c)

One species is harmed and the other species is harmed too

d)

One species benefits while nothing happens to the other species

104.

What happens to two competing species that have exactly the same niche?

a)

Both of them will move into their realised niches to avoid competition

b)

One of them will move into its realised niche to avoid competing and the other better competitor will take up its fundamental niche

c)

One of them will go extinct in the local area and the other one will take over the niche

105.
This occurs when organisms move out of an ecosystem that is in chaos.
a)
Immigration
b)
Emmigration
c)
Birth Rate
d)
Death Rate
106.
What factor describes when populations increase because animals are moving into a population?
a)
Emigration
b)
Limiting Factors
c)
Immigration
d)
Exponential Growth
107.
What is an invasive species?
a)
A native (naturally found) species which are added to an area. 
b)
A non-native (not naturally found) species added to an area. 
c)
A keystone species in an environment
d)
none of the above
108.
The number of individuals per unit area is the definition of which?
a)
Population distribution
b)
Population density
c)
Survivorship type 1
d)
Survivorship type 2
109.
If the number of births in a population is the same as the number of deaths in a population, what will happen to the growth of the population?
a)
It will increase.
b)
It will decrease.
c)
It will stay the same.
d)
It will fluctuate.
110.
The number of births compared to the total number of people in a population
a)
death rate
b)
birth rate
c)
baby boom
d)
doubling time
111.
If the number of births is greater than the number of deaths in a population, what will happen to the growth of the population?
a)
It will increase.
b)
It will decrease.
c)
It will stay the same.
d)
It will fluctuate.
112.

A small island nation is tracking its total population.  It started with exactly 100 people. During the year, 10 people immigrated, while 20 emigrated.  The birth rate was 15, and the death rate was 5.  What is the new population of the country?

a)

115

b)

110

c)

90

d)

No change; the population is still 100.

113.

Factors that affect population size:

INCREASE: Number of ___________ & ____________


(Choose 2 answers)

a)

Birth

b)

Death

c)

Immigration

d)

Emigration

114.

Factors that affect population size:

DECREASE: Number of ___________ & ____________


Choose all that applies.

a)

Birth

b)

Death

c)

Immigration

d)

Emigration

115.
Name that population pyramid...
a)
Exponential
b)
Declining
c)
Rapid Growth
d)
Stable Growth
116.
Name that population pyramid...
a)
Rapid Growth
b)
Industrialized Country
c)
Declining Growth
d)
Stable Growth
117.
Name that population pyramid...
a)
Declining Growth
b)
Rapid Growth
c)
Stable Growth

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