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BIO 189 practice midterm

Total questions: 93

Worksheet time: 1hrs 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Variable that stays the same between all groups in an experiment

a)

Controlled variable

b)

Independent variable

c)

Dependent variable

2.

Variable that is changed by the researcher during an experiment;

usually graphed on the x-axis

a)

Controlled variable

b)

Independent variable

c)

Dependent variable

3.

What kind of data is least susceptible to bias?

a)

Quantitative data (ex: blood pressure in mm Hg)

b)

Qualitative data (ex: asking a participant "how are you feeling?")

c)

Retrospective data (ex: investigating patient data from 10 years ago)

4.

All of the individuals of one species in an area

a)

Population

b)

Community

c)

Ecosystem

d)

Biome

5.

All of the different species in one area

a)

Population

b)

Community

c)

Ecosystem

d)

Biome

6.

Order the terms from most inclusive to least inclusive​

a)

Community

b)

Population

c)

Organism

d)

Tissue

e)

Cell

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
7.

Organize these options into the right categories

Categorize the following

Animal

Plant

Fungi

Protist

Bacteria

Archaea

Eukaryote
Prokaryote
8.

The scientific name for the domestic cat is felis catus.

Cats belong to which genus?

a)

Felis

b)

Catus

c)

Animalia

d)

Eukaryota

9.

The smallest unit of life

a)

Atom

b)

Electron

c)

Organelle

d)

Cell

10.

By sensing and adjusting to change, all organisms keep conditions in their internal environment within ranges that favor cell survival.

a)
This process is called homeostasis
b)
This process is called photosynthesis
c)
This process is called respiration
d)
This process is called osmosis
11.

All living organisms use (a)   as the genetic material passed from parents to offspring during reproduction.

12.

Which of the following are required characteristics for something to be considered alive? (select ALL correct answers)

a)

Made of one or more cells

b)

Ability to maintain homeostasis

c)

Contains a nucleus

d)

DNA used as genetic material

e)

Requires nutrients

13.

Prokaryotic life forms ​ ​ (a)   have DNA, but they ​ (b)   have a nucleus.

Choose from the below words
do
do not
14.

Select ALL the structures that are found in BOTH prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

a)

Nucleus

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Cell membrane

d)

Ribosomes

e)

DNA

15.

A community of single-celled organisms that stick to each other and a hard surface.
For example: dental plaque build up on teeth.

(a)  

16.

The image shows Carbon as depicted on the period table. Label the information.

a)

atomic number

b)

atomic mass

c)

chemical symbol

1
2
3
1)
2)
3)
17.

The number of protons plus neutrons in an atom

a)

Atomic number

b)

Atomic mass

c)

Chemical symbol

d)

Charge

18.

Oxygen has 6 valence electrons.

How many covalent bonds will oxygen form, in order to have a full octet?

(a)  

19.

What is the pH range for an acidic solution?

a)

Less than 7
(0-7 pH)

b)

Greater than 7
(7-14 pH)

20.

A solution that prevents pH changes

a)
Neutral solution
b)
Acidic solution
c)
Alkaline solution
d)
Buffer solution
21.

An acidic solution has a ​ (a)   pH, which means it has a ​ (b)   concentration of H+ ions.

Choose from the below words
lower
higher
22.

If a H+ ions are added to a solution, it will become more ​ (a)  

Choose from the below words
acidic
basic
23.

Type of chemical reaction that breaks down polymers into monomers

a)

condensation

b)

dehydration synthesis

c)

hydrolysis

d)

photosynthesis

24.

Type of chemical reaction that joins monomers together to form polymers

a)

Hydrolysis

b)

Condensation

c)

Glycolysis

d)

Photosynthesis

25.

What are the monomers of proteins?

(a)  

26.

Match the macromolecule with its monomer

a)

Carbohydrate

1.

Monosaccharde

b)

Protein

2.

Amino acid

c)

Lipid

3.

Fatty acid

d)

Nucleic acid

4.

Nucleotide

27.

Match the macromolecule with its polymer

a)

Carbohydrate

1.

Polysaccharde

b)

Protein

2.

Polypeptide

c)

Lipid

3.

Triglyceride

d)

Nucleic acid

4.

RNA

28.

Categrorize these molecules as monomers or polymers

Categorize the following

Glucose

Amino acid

Nucleotide

Simple sugar

Complex sugar

DNA

Glycogen

Fatty acids

Protein

Monomer
Polymer
29.

Name of the bond that links amino acids to form a protein polymer

a)
Hydrogen bond
b)
Ionic bond
c)
Peptide bond
d)

Disulfide bond

30.

What are amino acids?

a)

The monomers of proteins

b)

The monomers of nucleic acids

c)

The monomers of lipids

d)

The monomers of carbohydrates

31.

Part of an amino acid that make each one unique.

a)

R-group

b)

Nitrogenous base

c)

Phosphate group

d)

Fatty acid tails

32.

What are nucleotides?

a)

The monomers of proteins

b)

The monomers of nucleic acids

c)

The monomers of lipids

d)

The monomers of carbohydrates

33.

Label the parts of the nucleotide

a)

phosphate group

b)

pentose sugar

c)

nitrogenous base

1
2
3
1)
2)
3)
34.

This is a type of carbohydrate polymer that is used for short-term energy storage in animal cells

a)
Cellulose
b)
Starch
c)
Fructose
d)
Glycogen
35.

This is a type of carbohydrate polymer that builds plant cell walls;
many animals (including humans) are unable to digest this molecule

a)
Cellulose
b)
Starch
c)
Fructose
d)
Glycogen
36.

There are 20 different types of amino acids. Each amino acid is defined by its unique ​ (a)   .

Choose from the below words
R-group
amino group
fatty acid
carboxyl group
37.

What best describes the relationship between nucleic acids and proteins?

a)

Proteins are the monomers of nucleic acids

b)

Nucleic acids are found in prokaryotes, but proteins are found in eukaryotes

c)

Nucleic acids are the instructions for how to make proteins

d)

Proteins are the instructions for how to make nucleic acids

38.

Select ALL of the examples of lipids

a)

Glycogen

b)

Insulin

c)

Cholesterol

d)

Steroids

e)

Triglyceride

39.

What class of macromolecules is the most abundant energy storage in animal cells?

a)
Proteins
b)
Lipids
c)
Carbohydrates
d)
Nucleic acids
40.

Organize these options into the right categories

Categorize the following

C-C single bonds only

At least one C-C double bond

Solids at room temp

Liquids at room temp

Mainly from animals

Saturated fat
Unsaturated fat
41.

Saturated fats tend to be (a)   at room temperature.

42.

Unsaturated fats tend to be (a)   at room temperature.

43.

Match the type of carbohydrate with its description

a)

Glycogen

1.

Short-term energy storage in animals

b)

Glucose

2.

A monosaccharide

c)

Cellulose

3.

Main component of plant cell walls

d)

Starch

4.

Short-term energy storage in plants

44.

A membrane-bound compartment inside a eukaryotic cell that carries out a specific function.

(a)  

45.

Why is the rough endoplasmic reticulum called "rough"?

a)

Because it is hard to break down

b)

Because it is coated with ribosomes

c)

Because it is made of carbohydrates

d)

Because it produces free radicals

46.

System that synthesizes and transports proteins and lipids through the cell

a)

Integumentary system

b)

Endomembrane system

c)

Circulatory system

d)

Metabolic system

47.

Select ALL of the structures that can be found in animal cells.

a)

Plasma membrane

b)

Cell wall

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Chloroplasts

e)

Flagella

48.

Select ALL of the structures that can be found in plant cells.

a)

Plasma membrane

b)

Cell wall

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Chloroplasts

e)

Flagella

49.

Organelle where most of the ATP (energy) is produced in eukaryotic cells

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Nucleus

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Lysosom

50.

Jelly-like fluid inside of a cell

(a)  

51.

Match the cell structure with its function

a)

Ribosome

1.

Protein synthesis

b)

Golgi body

2.

Export of proteins

c)

Nucleus

3.

Stores DNA in eukaryotic cells

d)

Chloroplast

4.

Site of photosynthesis

e)

Cilia

5.

Bristle-like structures used in movement

52.

What is the best explanation for why small cells have more efficient nutrient exchange?

a)

Small cells have greater surface area than volume

b)

Small cells have greater volume than surface area

c)

Small cells have equal surface area and volume

53.

Label the parts of the phospholipid bilayer

a)

Hydrophobic

b)

Hydrophilic

1
2
1)
2)
54.

Protein catalysts that speed up chemical reactions

(a)  

55.

Where a substrate binds to an enzyme

a)

Substrate spot

b)

Reaction nook

c)

Active site

d)

Binding zone

56.

Organize these options into the right categories

Categorize the following

Requires energy

Moves solutes from low to high concentration

Moves solutes from high to low concentration

Down concentration gradient

Against concentration gradient

Happens spontaneously

Osmosis

Diffusion

Active transport
Passive transport
57.

Molecule that acts as chemical energy for cellular reactions

(a)  

58.

How does ATP transfer energy to other molecules?

a)
Through photosynthesis
b)
By releasing oxygen
c)

Through reducing activation energy

d)

By transfering one of its phosphate groups

59.

Regulates which molecules can enter and exit the cell

a)

Cell wall

b)

Plasma membrane

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Cytoplasm

60.

Movement of water across a membrane is ​ (a)   .

Water will move towards the ​ (b)   solution.

Choose from the below words
osmosis
hypertonic
hypotonic
active transport
isotonic
61.

A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic saline solution.

What will happen to the cell?

a)

Water will leave the cell, causing it to shrivel

b)

Water will enter the cell, causing it to burst

62.

A red blood cell is placed into pure water (solute concentration = 0).

What will happen to the cell?

a)

Water will leave the cell, causing it to shrivel

b)

Water will enter the cell, causing it to burst

63.

What carbohydrate is a polysaccharide that build plant cell walls?

a)
Starch
b)
Fructose
c)
Cellulose
d)
Glycogen
64.

What kinds of cells have cytoskeleton? Select ALL correct answers.

a)

Animal cells

b)

Plant cells

c)

Prokaryotes

d)

Eukaryotes

65.

What organelle modifies proteins and lipids, and then sends them to their final destination?

a)
Nucleus
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Golgi apparatus
d)
Endoplasmic reticulum
66.

Which would NOT be present in animal cells?

a)

Cell wall

b)

Plasma membrane

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Nucleus

67.

What organelle holds and protects DNA?

(a)  

68.

What organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids?

a)

Endoplasmic reticulum

b)

Golgi apparatus

c)

Nucleus

d)

Mitochondria

69.

A cell has solute concentration of 5%, and the fluid surrounding the cell has a solute concentration of 1%. Which way will water move by osmosis?

a)

Water will move into the cell, because the cell has a higher solute concentration

b)

Water will move out of the cell, because the cell has a lower solute concentration

c)

Water is not able to freely move into/out of cells

70.

A cell is hypotonic, and the fluid surrounding the cell is hypertonic. What will happen?

a)

Water moves out of the cell

b)

Water moves into the cell

c)

It is impossible to tell

71.

Sort the steps of aerobic cellular respiration in order

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Acetyl Co-A Formation

c)

The Citric Acid Cycle

d)

Electron Transport Chain/ Oxidative Phosphorylation

1)
2)
3)
4)
72.

The purpose of cellular respiration is breaking down monomers from food to make ____.

a)

water

b)

ATP

c)

glucose

d)

electrons

73.

Which step of cellular respiration is being described?

Reactants: Glucose
Products: Pyruvate and 2 ATP

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Acetyl-CoA formation

c)

Citric acid cycle

d)

Electron transport chain/ oxidative phosphorylation

74.

Which step of cellular respiration is being described?

Reactants: Pyruvate
Products: Acetyl-CoA

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Acetyl-CoA formation

c)

Citric acid cycle

d)

Electron transport chain/ oxidative phosphorylation

75.

Which step of cellular respiration is being described?

Reactants: Acetyl-CoA
Products: NADH, FADH2, CO2, and ATP

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Acetyl-CoA formation

c)

Citric acid cycle

d)

Electron transport chain/ oxidative phosphorylation

76.

Which step of cellular respiration is being described?

Reactants: NADH, FADH2, and oxygen
Products: Water and 32-36 ATP

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Acetyl-CoA formation

c)

Citric acid cycle

d)

Electron transport chain/ oxidative phosphorylation

77.

Which step of aerobic cellular respiration directly requires oxygen?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Acetyl-CoA formation

c)

Citric acid cycle

d)

Electron transport chain

78.

Which step of cellular respiration directly requires oxygen?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Acetyl-CoA formation

c)

Citric acid cycle

d)

Electron transport chain/ oxidative phosphorylation

79.

What type of cellular respiration does NOT require oxygen?

(a)  

80.

Lactate fermentation produces what molecule as a byproduct?

(a)  

81.

What kind of fermentation occurs in humans?

a)

Lactate fermentation

b)
Butyric acid fermentation
c)
Alcoholic fermentation
d)
Acetic acid fermentation
82.

Cellular respiration that can occur in the absence of oxygen

a)

Aerobic respiration

b)
Photosynthesis
c)

Transcription

d)

Anaerobic respiration

83.

The electron transport chain creates a concentration gradient of H+ ions, which is a source of (a)   energy.

84.

What products are made during glycolysis? Select ALL correct answers.

a)

H2O

b)

2 ATP

c)

2 Pyruvate

d)

2 Acetyl-CoA

e)

Electrons

85.

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by ​ (a)   the ​ (b)   required to start a reaction.

Choose from the below words
decreasing
activation energy
increasing
ATP
86.

What is pseudoscience?

a)
Beliefs or practices that are based on rigorous experimentation and evidence
b)
Beliefs or practices that are universally proven to be true
c)
Beliefs or practices that are widely accepted in the scientific community
d)
Beliefs or practices that claim to be scientific but lack empirical evidence, plausibility, or scientific methodology.
87.

Select all of the types of organisms that are made of cells that contain a nucleus

a)

Bacteria

b)

Fungi

c)

Archaea

d)

Plant

e)

Animal

88.

All of the geese that live in a park is an example of what level of organization?

a)
Ecosystem
b)
Community
c)
Habitat
d)
Population
89.

Carbon is an important molecule because it tends to form ​ (a)   covalent bonds, allowing for geometric flexibility.

Choose from the below words
4
1
2
8
90.

What is feedback inhibition?

a)

A change that results from some activity decreases or stops the activity

b)

The final product of a metabolic pathway enhances the activity of that pathway

c)

A change that makes all metabolism in a cell stop completely

d)

When the end product of a metabolic pathway is in short supply

91.

Match the macromolecule with the chemical component it contains

a)

Amino acid

1.

Carboxyl group

b)

Nucleotide

2.

Nitrogenous base

c)

Phospholipid

3.

Phosphate group

d)

Triglyceride

4.

Fatty acid

92.

Label the chemical components of the amino acid
(some choices will not be used)

a)

Nitrogenous base

b)

Phosphate group

c)

Amino group

d)

Carboxyl group

e)

R group

1
2
3
1)
2)
3)
93.

Label the chemical components of the nucleotide

a)

nitrogenous base

b)

phosphates

c)

5-carbon sugar

1
2
3
1)
2)
3)

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