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WorksheetsEFDA Final Exam
Total questions: 115
Worksheet time: 59mins
What is the optimal distance between the patient’s face and the operator’s face?
10 to 12 inches
8 to 12 inches
12 to 14 inches
12 to 15 inches
When working on the mandibular arch, the back of the patients chair is raised until its angle to the floor is
15 to 35 degrees
25 to 45 degrees
25 to 30 degrees
It doesn't matter as long as you can see
What is the proper placement of the operator’s forearms when working on a patient?
Bent at the elbows and parallel to the floor
Straight out in front of the operator
Close to his/her body with elbows tucked in
Raised at a 25 degree angle
What is the best way to gain access visually to the mandibular lingual surfaces?
Have the patient turn their head to the right
Have the patient tilt their chin downward
Have the patient turn their head to the left
The operator should stand up and move right or left to allow access
The most common zone for the right handed operator to do most of the work in either arch is
In the 2 to 5 o'clock position
In the 4 to 12 o'clock position
In the 8 to 1 o'clock position
In the 8 to 12 o'clock position
The most common zone for the left handed operator is
In the 8 to 12 o'clock position
In the 8 to 1 o'clock position
In the 4 to 12 o'clock position
In the 2 to 5 o'clock position
The relationship of the lower legs and thighs to the floor is (in order)
Perpendicular and parallel
Parallel and perpendicular
Perpendicular and slightly angled up
It doesn't matter as long as the operator is comfortable
How should the operator sit on the stool?
Upper body rolled forward
How should the operator sit on the stool?
As far back as possible with back of knees just touching the front edge of the stool.
It doesn't matter
When seated, the back rest of the operator stool should support
the upper back region between the shoulder blades.
the lower back lumbar region.
the operator does not need to utilize the back rest if they feel well supported without it.
Generally speaking, the patient should be reclined so the mouth is approximately at the level of the operators elbow when seated.
True
False
Proper condensing of amalgam will:
Eliminate voids
Reduce residual mercury
Increase strength of the finished amalgam
All of these
Condensing the alloy immediately after trituration:
Is not recommended
Prevents voids
Allows each layer to bond together
Both b and c
By overfilling the cavity preparation:
By overfilling the cavity preparation:
we allow the mercury rich layers to be removed during carving
we are able to close the cavosurface margins properly
All of the above
When condensing amalgam into a preparation
Always use calcium hydroxide first
Condense the mesial area first
Condense the least accessible area first
Condense the mesial area first
Excess mercury left on the restoration:
Can be polished off at a later date
Will dissolve in the patient's saliva
Can contribute to plaque accumulation
Will weaken the strength of the restoration
Amalgam is ready to carve when:
Excess mercury is laying on top of the packed amalgam
The last layer has been burnished
Slight resistance is felt with a carver
The last layer has been plane-packed with the small condenser
The purpose of carving an amalgam restoration is:
To remove excess material from the cavosurface margins
To countour the restoration so it resembles the original contour
To remove residual mercury
All of these
The carver should rest on tooth surface and alloy when carving:
To prevent submarginal areas
To create anatomical grooves
all of the above
To allow the tooth surface to serve as a guide
An undercarved restoration may be:
Undercontoured and need to be replaced
An overcontoured restoration with excess amalgam
Carved more or corrected with finishing and polishing
Both b and c
When condensing the layers of alloy:
The strokes should be overlapping
Use the condenser to rub the alloy
Use the smallest condenser nib
Use the burnisher
Grooves are placed on the occlusal surface of amalgam restorations with:
A discoid
A ball burnisher
A pointed instrument
The amalgam carrier
Vertical angulation that is too steep when carving the occlusal surface of an amalgam restoration will:
Provide a weak restoration
Leave premature occlusion
Ruin the instrument's blade
Not remove enough alloy
When checking the margins of a restoration, a catch is felt both from tooth to amalgam, and from amalgam to tooth. This is considered:
Flash
Submarginal or open margin
Overextension
Basic anatomy
Flash is corrected by:
Adding more alloy
More carving
Burnishing
Removing tooth structure adjacent to the area
An area of flash is considered:
Overcarved
Undercarved
Residual area of mercury
Submarginal
Failure to condense amalgam into the retentive grooves will:
Leave open margins
Leave submarginal areas
Weaken the retention of the restoration
Displace pulp protection
Marginal ridge heights are best reduced using the:
Acorn burnisher
Cleoid carver
½ Hollenback carver or discoid carver
The explorer
A Markley diamond end condenser will:
Be used for buccal and lingual extensions only
Assure proper condensation into retentive grooves and line angles
Provide good adaptation on the pulpal floor
Condense Class V amalgams at the gingival margin
Amalgam that contains __________ 54% mercury is considered "mercury-rich.
Less than
Greater than
The strength and setting time of amalgam are determined by?
Size of alloy particles
Ratio of mercury to alloy
Mixing time (trituration)
All of these
Mercury is toxic and all amalgam scraps should be salvaged and stored under water.
True
False
_________ is made from a combination of metals and is referred to as an alloy.
Composite
Amalgam
ZOE
None of the above
_______occurs when dissimilar metals in the mouth, such as silver amalgam against gold, act like a battery and upon contact an electric current results in pain.
Galvanism
Condensation
Deformation
None of the above
What are the two types of alloy particles?
Squared and cubical
Lathe and spherical
Circular and lathe
Spherical and squared
The creep process can cause an amalgam restoration to extend out of the cavity prep thereby increasing its susceptibility to what?
Marginal breakdown
Under contouring
Over contouring
Galvanism
Undertrituration produces
A drier mix
Lacks mercury
Lacks cohesiveness
All of the above
The main component in amalgam is _________.
Tin
Silver
Copper
Zinc
The reaction between alloy and mercury is called _____.
Alloy
Trituration
Amalgamation
Palladium
The slow change in dimension of the amalgam due to prolonged exposure to stress is
Corrosion
Condensation
Moisture contamination
Creep
What can help amalgams to have a lower creep value?
Higher copper content (13-30%)
Lower copper content (less than 5%)
Low zinc content (0-2%)
Higher tin content (22-30%)
When removing amalgam from a tooth, it is important to NOT use water spray to avoid splatter of the old amalgam.
True
False
The compressive strength of an amalgam 20 minutes after placement is _____ of the strength it will have at the end of one week.
3%
20%
15%
6%
_____ is the time dependant strain or deformation that is produced by a stress.
Creep
Galvanism
Condensation
None
The gamma 2 phase occurs in dental alloy:
By moisture contamination during placement
By tin-mercury combinations
With the formation of "creep"
From improper trituration of amalgam
The higher percentage of mercury in the dental alloy will:
Make the alloy set faster
Make the alloy set slower
Strengthen the amalgam
Decrease expansion of the amalgam
Moisture contamination during the condensing process of the amalgam alloy will:
Cause the alloy to expand rapidly
Stop the expansion process
Cause delayed expansion of the alloy
Cause the zinc to leak
Proper condensing of amalgam will:
Eliminate voids
Reduce residual mercury
Increase strength of the finished amalgam
All of these
Condensing the alloy immediately after trituration:
Is not recommended
Prevents voids
Allows each layer to bond together
Both b and c
A gingival retractor is used with rubber dam isolation for what cavity classification?
Class I
Class IV
Class III
Class V
A matrix retainer and band, when properly placed, exhibit the following:
Tapers out from the gingival margin toward the occlusal surface
Has the band extending 3-6 mm mm beyond the gingival margin
Has the band extending 0.5mm to 1.5mm occlusal to the junction of the occlusal and lingual surfaces
Both a and c are correct
How is the disadvantage of excessive time consumption remedied in regards to rubber dam use?
Discontinue use
Skilled efficient dental auxiliary
Have the DDS place the rubber dam
If you are preparing the rubber dam for placement for a Class V restoration on tooth #27, how far facially would you displace the holes being punched?
1-2mm
1-1.5mm
2-4mm
3-6mm
Methods of stabilizing the rubber dam include
Dental floss tied around the tooth in a surgical knot secured to the rubber dam clamp
Wedging a small piece of the dam next to the last exposed tooth
Use of a Wedjet
All of these
One advantage of a cotton roll holder is that the cheek and tongue are slightly retracted.
True
False
Position the facial jaw of the gingival retractor clamp _____________mm gingival to the proposed gingival margin of the preparation.
.5 to 1.5 mm
1 to 1.5 mm
1 to 2 mm
.5 to 1 mm
The rubber dam clamp should contact the tooth in at least __________ areas or points.
1
3
4
2
This method of isolation is the oldest form of retraction and is recommended for isolation during short procedures.
Rubber dam
Svedopter
Cotton roll
Vac-ejector
What instrument is used to invert the rubber dam?
T-ball burnisher
Explorer
Blunt shaped instrument
Either a or c
What is a special oral evacuation device consisting of an open metal (or most currently, plastic) tube that is attached to a high volume evac system?
Erickson rejector
Svedopter
Cotton roll
Retraction cord
What is the advantage to using winged clamps?
Allows dam to be attached to the clamp prior to placing it on the tooth
It looks a lot better in the oral cavity
Makes removal easier
Easier for the patient to tolerate
What is the correct guideline to follow when placing rubber dam?
Two teeth distal and one tooth mesial to the tooth being treated
One tooth distal and two teeth mesial
One tooth distal and three teeth mesial
It doesn't matter
What is the part of the clamp that expands to fit over a tooth?
Forcep holes
Points
Bow
Jaw
What is the part of the matrix retainer that is threaded, coming to a point and can move through the entire length of the retainer to secure or loosen the band?
Spindle
Box
Head
Locking knob
What is used to lubricate the patient's lips?
K-Y jelly
Petroleum jelly
Smuckers' jelly
Brushless shave cream
When placing the rubber dam clamp, it is positioned on the buccal aspect of the tooth first.
True
False
Where would you place cotton rolls for an MO amalgam on tooth #31?
Mandibular Buccal
Mandibular Lingual
Maxillary Buccal
Mandibular Buccal and Mandibular Lingual
Which embrasure is the largest and as such, is usually best suited for wedge placement?
Buccal
Lingual
Occlusal
Which of these is incorrect regarding the placement of a wooden wedge during the restoration of a Class II amalgam:
Minimizes the possibility of an "over hang"
Separates the teeth slightly to compensate for the space taken up by the thickness of the matrix band
Must be inserted with the point of the triangle towards the gingival
Must extend slightly gingival to the gingival margin of the cavity prep
Which part of the matrix retainer increases and/or decreases the circumference of the band loop?
Vice
Guide slot
Inner adjusting nut
Outer adjusting nut
________ is the arched band of metal joining the two jaws of the clamp together
Jaw
Forcep
Point
Bow
A smooth polished surface is more likely to accumulate acids and plaque which may encourage galvanic action on the surface.
True
False
Amalgam finishing burs are made of ____________ instead of ________ like those used to prepare the cavities
Plain steel / carbide
Carbide/plain steel
Diamond dust
Are these criteria examples of finishing or polishing? Exhibit margins that are flush with adjacent tooth surfaces; major anatomical contours are consistent with surrounding tooth structures; the occlusion is even with other teeth; the surface is smooth with no deep scratches.
Finishing
Polishing
Evidence suggests that polishing of high copper amalgams is unnecessary
True
False
Final finishing and polishing of amalgams should not be done until the amalgam has reached its final set, approximately how long after it has been placed and carved?
2-4 days
7-10 days
4-8 hours
24-48 hours
Finishing and polishing of amalgam restorations may assist in the maintenance of periodontal health by reducing rough surfaces that irritate adjacent gingival and contribute to increased plaque accumulation.
True
False
Finishing discs are most helpful on what surfaces
Round surfaces such as fossa
Broad, smooth surfaces such as class V
Pits and fissures
Any class II restoration
If a contact it too tight it may present the potential for mechanical irritation from
may tear floss
floss being forced through the contacts
may frustrate the patient so he/she won't floss at all
all of the above
It is best to use ________ speed and ______pressure to smooth the occlusal margins of a new restoration.
slow/heavy
fast/heavy
fast/light
medium/light
Over contoured/ under carved restorations can contribute to periodontal disease to a much lesser degree than under contoured/ over carved restoration would.
False
True
Over- polishing (or improper polishing techniques) may allow the restoration to overheat and bring mercury to the surface. This will leave a very shiny surface that is less susceptible to corrosion.
The first sentence is true and the second sentence is false
The first sentence is false and the second sentence is true
Both sentences are true
Premature finishing and polishing will cause which of the below conditions?
Weaken the restoration
Disturb the crystalline structure of the amalgam
All of the above
None of the above
Proper finishing and polishing can help to prevent amalgam deterioration
True
False
Submarginal areas of enamel equaling ___________ can be eliminated with a _____________
.2mm/green stone
.02 mm/ white stone
.02mm/ green stone
.2mm/white stone
What is the correct order when using impregnated polishing systems
Greenie/super greenie/ brownie
Super greenie/greenie/brownie
Greenie/brownie/super greenie
Brownie/greenie/super greenie
What will happen if we use our finishing discs out of order (such as fine then medium then coarse)?
We will get a nice, high polish shine
We will see scratches on the amalgam that become less noticeable, until they are no longer visible
We will fail to remove the deep scratches left by coarsest abrasives
What would be an acceptable system to use in place of the pumice/tin oxide system of polishing?
Burs
Stones
Coarse Finishing strips only
Impregnated cups and points
When using hand instruments such as amalgam knife and file, which is used first?
Knife
File
_______ is done to obtain a smooth shiny luster on the surface of the amalgam so that it is easier to keep clean.
Polishing
Finishing
Carving
Burnishing
____________ Amalgam restorations involve removing marginal irregularities, defining anatomical contours and smoothing the surface roughness of the restoration.
Carving
Burnishing
Finishing
Polishing
if you have significant submarginal areas (>.2mm)in the box of an MO restoration on tooth #13, it's best to
use a sandpaper strip to smooth the area
use an amalgam knife and file
replace the restoration
Try to add more material to the submarginal place.
Bases and liners may be used as sealers, reinforcers, insulators, obtundants, and pulp stimulators.
True
False
What happens if calcium hydroxide is applied too thick? (more than .5mm)
The restoration may change color
The restoration may fail
The restoration will be too tall
The calcium hydroxide is a temporary filling
COPAL VARNISH AND ZINC OXIDE
EUGENOL CAN BE USED UNDER COMPOSITE
True
False
YOU CAN USE CALCIUM HYDROXIDE
UNDER COMPOSITE RESINS
True
False
YOU CAN USE GLASSIONOMERS
UNDER COMPOSITE RESINS
True
False
If the restoration is overcarved, the result may be an undercontoured restoration.
True
False
If an amalgam is left overcontoured
remove replace
adjust with finishing and polishing
If the amalgam is undercontoured
it should be removed and replaced
It can be adjusted
the higher content of mercury in the amalgam
Stronger it is
Long lasting
Weaker
A composite-ionomer restoration refers to
a cavity preparation with glassionomer liner on the pulpal floor and dentin walls covered with composite for esthetics.
a hybrid composite material used solely as a restorative.
a glassionomer material used solely as a restorative.
a class IV restoration of tooth colored material.
Bonding agent is applied to etched surfaces of the teeth
to prevent hypersensitivity.
as a wetting agent to allowing better flow of the composite.
to achieve maximum retention and seal.
all of the above
Bonding agents may bond with:
enamel
dentin
glass ionomer
all of these
If the tooth becomes wet again after the first etch , how long should you reapply the acid etchant?
15 seconds
10 seconds
20 seconds
8 seconds
The purpose of acid etching enamel before placing a resin is
to prevent recurrent decay by killing organisms on the tooth surface.
to soften the surface to remove the outer layer of enamel and expose new enamel.
to create micropores into which the resin material will flow to form a mechanical bond.
to establish a chemically activated surface to which the sealant will chemically bond.
A 45 degree bevel is recommended at the margin because
removes the outer layer of enamel
provides more surface area for bonding
greater potential for strengthening the remaining tooth structure
all of these
Uncured resin deep within the filling may result in:
gross microleakage
high solubility
hypersensitivity
galvanism
When posterior teeth are viewed from the occlusal, the proximal contacts are usually located:
more lingual in the buccal to lingual direction.
more distal in a mesial to distal direction
more mesial in a mesial to distal direction.
more buccal in a buccal to lingual direction.
When removing excess composite on facial surfaces during finishing and polishing, it is recommended to use
flame shaped carbide finishing burs.
inverted cone shaped plain steel burs.
round carbide finishing burs.
round diamond burs.
When using a composite-ionomer technique, acid etch is used
on enamel walls only.
inside the cavity prep only.
on enamel walls first-then added on the glassionomer liner and surrounding dentin for the remainder of the etch time.
on enamel, dentin, and glassionomer liner for the full etching time.
Which product contains 75-80% inorganic filler by weight?
Hybrid composite
Nano-fils
sealant material
conventional large particle
You are restoring a class IV defect on tooth #9. Of the options listed below, which area best describes the ideal position of interproximal contact?
Middle one-third
Incisal one third
Gingival one third
Middle to gingival one third
Acid etch enamel must be washed for _____ seconds; gel etchants should be washed up to _____ seconds longer following manufacturers instructions.
(a)
Filling and curing one proximal box before filling the other one provides (a) tooth separation.
If dentin is less than (a) thick place calcium hydroxide nearest to the pulp.
